1 00:01:39,439 --> 00:01:40,149 good morning 2 00:01:40,149 --> 00:01:40,159 good morning 3 00:01:40,159 --> 00:01:41,910 good morning welcome to goddard space flight center 4 00:01:41,910 --> 00:01:41,920 welcome to goddard space flight center 5 00:01:41,920 --> 00:01:44,149 welcome to goddard space flight center and next edition of our comet update for 6 00:01:44,149 --> 00:01:44,159 and next edition of our comet update for 7 00:01:44,159 --> 00:01:45,190 and next edition of our comet update for thursday 8 00:01:45,190 --> 00:01:45,200 thursday 9 00:01:45,200 --> 00:01:47,590 thursday uh this morning we would uh have opened 10 00:01:47,590 --> 00:01:47,600 uh this morning we would uh have opened 11 00:01:47,600 --> 00:01:49,109 uh this morning we would uh have opened up as you saw with 12 00:01:49,109 --> 00:01:49,119 up as you saw with 13 00:01:49,119 --> 00:01:51,270 up as you saw with the first real color image from the 14 00:01:51,270 --> 00:01:51,280 the first real color image from the 15 00:01:51,280 --> 00:01:53,109 the first real color image from the hubble space telescope of the impacts 16 00:01:53,109 --> 00:01:53,119 hubble space telescope of the impacts 17 00:01:53,119 --> 00:01:53,910 hubble space telescope of the impacts and that was the g 18 00:01:53,910 --> 00:01:53,920 and that was the g 19 00:01:53,920 --> 00:01:56,069 and that was the g fragment impact site we'll roll that 20 00:01:56,069 --> 00:01:56,079 fragment impact site we'll roll that 21 00:01:56,079 --> 00:01:57,109 fragment impact site we'll roll that again later 22 00:01:57,109 --> 00:01:57,119 again later 23 00:01:57,119 --> 00:01:59,109 again later uh today we will tell you more about 24 00:01:59,109 --> 00:01:59,119 uh today we will tell you more about 25 00:01:59,119 --> 00:02:01,030 uh today we will tell you more about that as well as give you a look at comet 26 00:02:01,030 --> 00:02:01,040 that as well as give you a look at comet 27 00:02:01,040 --> 00:02:02,310 that as well as give you a look at comet fragments q1 28 00:02:02,310 --> 00:02:02,320 fragments q1 29 00:02:02,320 --> 00:02:04,789 fragments q1 and 2 and that's 10 hours before impact 30 00:02:04,789 --> 00:02:04,799 and 2 and that's 10 hours before impact 31 00:02:04,799 --> 00:02:05,749 and 2 and that's 10 hours before impact and just after 32 00:02:05,749 --> 00:02:05,759 and just after 33 00:02:05,759 --> 00:02:07,830 and just after impact and we'll bring you some news 34 00:02:07,830 --> 00:02:07,840 impact and we'll bring you some news 35 00:02:07,840 --> 00:02:09,430 impact and we'll bring you some news from comet observers from around the 36 00:02:09,430 --> 00:02:09,440 from comet observers from around the 37 00:02:09,440 --> 00:02:09,910 from comet observers from around the world 38 00:02:09,910 --> 00:02:09,920 world 39 00:02:09,920 --> 00:02:12,229 world including a looks at fragment r and a 40 00:02:12,229 --> 00:02:12,239 including a looks at fragment r and a 41 00:02:12,239 --> 00:02:14,470 including a looks at fragment r and a surprising report on fragment 42 00:02:14,470 --> 00:02:14,480 surprising report on fragment 43 00:02:14,480 --> 00:02:16,790 surprising report on fragment uh m impact of fragment m which had 44 00:02:16,790 --> 00:02:16,800 uh m impact of fragment m which had 45 00:02:16,800 --> 00:02:18,630 uh m impact of fragment m which had totally disappeared from vue a couple of 46 00:02:18,630 --> 00:02:18,640 totally disappeared from vue a couple of 47 00:02:18,640 --> 00:02:19,990 totally disappeared from vue a couple of months ago 48 00:02:19,990 --> 00:02:20,000 months ago 49 00:02:20,000 --> 00:02:21,910 months ago and we'll have more information on on 50 00:02:21,910 --> 00:02:21,920 and we'll have more information on on 51 00:02:21,920 --> 00:02:23,750 and we'll have more information on on that and and what's coming up later 52 00:02:23,750 --> 00:02:23,760 that and and what's coming up later 53 00:02:23,760 --> 00:02:26,869 that and and what's coming up later in the next few days uh following uh 54 00:02:26,869 --> 00:02:26,879 in the next few days uh following uh 55 00:02:26,879 --> 00:02:28,630 in the next few days uh following uh the presentations let me introduce a 56 00:02:28,630 --> 00:02:28,640 the presentations let me introduce a 57 00:02:28,640 --> 00:02:30,550 the presentations let me introduce a panel now to my left 58 00:02:30,550 --> 00:02:30,560 panel now to my left 59 00:02:30,560 --> 00:02:32,790 panel now to my left dr hal weaver a scientist at the space 60 00:02:32,790 --> 00:02:32,800 dr hal weaver a scientist at the space 61 00:02:32,800 --> 00:02:34,710 dr hal weaver a scientist at the space telescope science institute 62 00:02:34,710 --> 00:02:34,720 telescope science institute 63 00:02:34,720 --> 00:02:36,710 telescope science institute and a leader of the team using hubble's 64 00:02:36,710 --> 00:02:36,720 and a leader of the team using hubble's 65 00:02:36,720 --> 00:02:38,790 and a leader of the team using hubble's wide field planetary camera 2 66 00:02:38,790 --> 00:02:38,800 wide field planetary camera 2 67 00:02:38,800 --> 00:02:40,869 wide field planetary camera 2 and faint object spectrograph to observe 68 00:02:40,869 --> 00:02:40,879 and faint object spectrograph to observe 69 00:02:40,879 --> 00:02:43,350 and faint object spectrograph to observe the structure and breakup of the comet 70 00:02:43,350 --> 00:02:43,360 the structure and breakup of the comet 71 00:02:43,360 --> 00:02:47,270 the structure and breakup of the comet to his left dr rita bibi a planetologist 72 00:02:47,270 --> 00:02:47,280 to his left dr rita bibi a planetologist 73 00:02:47,280 --> 00:02:48,949 to his left dr rita bibi a planetologist of long standing at new mexico state 74 00:02:48,949 --> 00:02:48,959 of long standing at new mexico state 75 00:02:48,959 --> 00:02:49,750 of long standing at new mexico state university 76 00:02:49,750 --> 00:02:49,760 university 77 00:02:49,760 --> 00:02:51,509 university and a member of the whitefield planetary 78 00:02:51,509 --> 00:02:51,519 and a member of the whitefield planetary 79 00:02:51,519 --> 00:02:52,949 and a member of the whitefield planetary camera 2 team observing 80 00:02:52,949 --> 00:02:52,959 camera 2 team observing 81 00:02:52,959 --> 00:02:56,229 camera 2 team observing jupiter's atmosphere and back with us 82 00:02:56,229 --> 00:02:56,239 jupiter's atmosphere and back with us 83 00:02:56,239 --> 00:02:57,589 jupiter's atmosphere and back with us again today 84 00:02:57,589 --> 00:02:57,599 again today 85 00:02:57,599 --> 00:02:59,750 again today dr eugene shoemaker coming back for 86 00:02:59,750 --> 00:02:59,760 dr eugene shoemaker coming back for 87 00:02:59,760 --> 00:03:01,350 dr eugene shoemaker coming back for another day a long time comment watcher 88 00:03:01,350 --> 00:03:01,360 another day a long time comment watcher 89 00:03:01,360 --> 00:03:03,110 another day a long time comment watcher and co-discoverer of the comet shoemaker 90 00:03:03,110 --> 00:03:03,120 and co-discoverer of the comet shoemaker 91 00:03:03,120 --> 00:03:05,190 and co-discoverer of the comet shoemaker levy 9 with the lowell observatory in 92 00:03:05,190 --> 00:03:05,200 levy 9 with the lowell observatory in 93 00:03:05,200 --> 00:03:07,270 levy 9 with the lowell observatory in the u.s geological survey 94 00:03:07,270 --> 00:03:07,280 the u.s geological survey 95 00:03:07,280 --> 00:03:10,390 the u.s geological survey to his left dr lucy mcfadden also back 96 00:03:10,390 --> 00:03:10,400 to his left dr lucy mcfadden also back 97 00:03:10,400 --> 00:03:11,589 to his left dr lucy mcfadden also back with us again today 98 00:03:11,589 --> 00:03:11,599 with us again today 99 00:03:11,599 --> 00:03:12,869 with us again today from the university of maryland 100 00:03:12,869 --> 00:03:12,879 from the university of maryland 101 00:03:12,879 --> 00:03:14,869 from the university of maryland university of california 102 00:03:14,869 --> 00:03:14,879 university of california 103 00:03:14,879 --> 00:03:16,309 university of california and she's the coordinator of the 104 00:03:16,309 --> 00:03:16,319 and she's the coordinator of the 105 00:03:16,319 --> 00:03:18,550 and she's the coordinator of the worldwide comment observing campaign 106 00:03:18,550 --> 00:03:18,560 worldwide comment observing campaign 107 00:03:18,560 --> 00:03:19,910 worldwide comment observing campaign and a visiting professor at the 108 00:03:19,910 --> 00:03:19,920 and a visiting professor at the 109 00:03:19,920 --> 00:03:21,750 and a visiting professor at the university of maryland 110 00:03:21,750 --> 00:03:21,760 university of maryland 111 00:03:21,760 --> 00:03:25,110 university of maryland and to her left david levy as 112 00:03:25,110 --> 00:03:25,120 and to her left david levy as 113 00:03:25,120 --> 00:03:27,509 and to her left david levy as co-discoverer of the comet and he is 114 00:03:27,509 --> 00:03:27,519 co-discoverer of the comet and he is 115 00:03:27,519 --> 00:03:28,869 co-discoverer of the comet and he is author of some 116 00:03:28,869 --> 00:03:28,879 author of some 117 00:03:28,879 --> 00:03:31,670 author of some recently published books and uh at this 118 00:03:31,670 --> 00:03:31,680 recently published books and uh at this 119 00:03:31,680 --> 00:03:31,990 recently published books and uh at this point 120 00:03:31,990 --> 00:03:32,000 point 121 00:03:32,000 --> 00:03:34,949 point i'd like to uh turn this over to gene 122 00:03:34,949 --> 00:03:34,959 i'd like to uh turn this over to gene 123 00:03:34,959 --> 00:03:36,070 i'd like to uh turn this over to gene shoemaker 124 00:03:36,070 --> 00:03:36,080 shoemaker 125 00:03:36,080 --> 00:03:38,869 shoemaker thanks don uh we'll give just a little 126 00:03:38,869 --> 00:03:38,879 thanks don uh we'll give just a little 127 00:03:38,879 --> 00:03:39,750 thanks don uh we'll give just a little bit of 128 00:03:39,750 --> 00:03:39,760 bit of 129 00:03:39,760 --> 00:03:43,589 bit of an update on the status of the fragments 130 00:03:43,589 --> 00:03:43,599 an update on the status of the fragments 131 00:03:43,599 --> 00:03:45,670 an update on the status of the fragments uh one that's a particular interest to 132 00:03:45,670 --> 00:03:45,680 uh one that's a particular interest to 133 00:03:45,680 --> 00:03:46,710 uh one that's a particular interest to me is that 134 00:03:46,710 --> 00:03:46,720 me is that 135 00:03:46,720 --> 00:03:49,430 me is that keck reported seeing the impact of 136 00:03:49,430 --> 00:03:49,440 keck reported seeing the impact of 137 00:03:49,440 --> 00:03:50,149 keck reported seeing the impact of fragment 138 00:03:50,149 --> 00:03:50,159 fragment 139 00:03:50,159 --> 00:03:52,949 fragment m which had actually disappeared from 140 00:03:52,949 --> 00:03:52,959 m which had actually disappeared from 141 00:03:52,959 --> 00:03:54,550 m which had actually disappeared from view for a while 142 00:03:54,550 --> 00:03:54,560 view for a while 143 00:03:54,560 --> 00:03:56,470 view for a while and there's been great debate as to what 144 00:03:56,470 --> 00:03:56,480 and there's been great debate as to what 145 00:03:56,480 --> 00:03:58,149 and there's been great debate as to what do these things actually 146 00:03:58,149 --> 00:03:58,159 do these things actually 147 00:03:58,159 --> 00:04:00,630 do these things actually dissipate or is there really something 148 00:04:00,630 --> 00:04:00,640 dissipate or is there really something 149 00:04:00,640 --> 00:04:01,990 dissipate or is there really something is there really a piece there that 150 00:04:01,990 --> 00:04:02,000 is there really a piece there that 151 00:04:02,000 --> 00:04:03,830 is there really a piece there that simply stop being active 152 00:04:03,830 --> 00:04:03,840 simply stop being active 153 00:04:03,840 --> 00:04:06,550 simply stop being active uh and i think both both hal and i have 154 00:04:06,550 --> 00:04:06,560 uh and i think both both hal and i have 155 00:04:06,560 --> 00:04:07,030 uh and i think both both hal and i have had the 156 00:04:07,030 --> 00:04:07,040 had the 157 00:04:07,040 --> 00:04:08,470 had the have been on the side that yes there's 158 00:04:08,470 --> 00:04:08,480 have been on the side that yes there's 159 00:04:08,480 --> 00:04:09,990 have been on the side that yes there's really something there it's just sort of 160 00:04:09,990 --> 00:04:10,000 really something there it's just sort of 161 00:04:10,000 --> 00:04:11,110 really something there it's just sort of turned off 162 00:04:11,110 --> 00:04:11,120 turned off 163 00:04:11,120 --> 00:04:13,910 turned off and so both of us are very pleased with 164 00:04:13,910 --> 00:04:13,920 and so both of us are very pleased with 165 00:04:13,920 --> 00:04:15,910 and so both of us are very pleased with that report 166 00:04:15,910 --> 00:04:15,920 that report 167 00:04:15,920 --> 00:04:21,030 that report and then hal is going to give our 168 00:04:21,030 --> 00:04:21,040 and then hal is going to give our 169 00:04:21,040 --> 00:04:24,390 and then hal is going to give our last look at the two pieces of fragment 170 00:04:24,390 --> 00:04:24,400 last look at the two pieces of fragment 171 00:04:24,400 --> 00:04:27,670 last look at the two pieces of fragment q1 and q2 what was happening to them 172 00:04:27,670 --> 00:04:27,680 q1 and q2 what was happening to them 173 00:04:27,680 --> 00:04:29,430 q1 and q2 what was happening to them as we were watching the comet going in 174 00:04:29,430 --> 00:04:29,440 as we were watching the comet going in 175 00:04:29,440 --> 00:04:31,110 as we were watching the comet going in hell 176 00:04:31,110 --> 00:04:31,120 hell 177 00:04:31,120 --> 00:04:32,710 hell that's right we might call this show 178 00:04:32,710 --> 00:04:32,720 that's right we might call this show 179 00:04:32,720 --> 00:04:35,510 that's right we might call this show right now watch this comet die 180 00:04:35,510 --> 00:04:35,520 right now watch this comet die 181 00:04:35,520 --> 00:04:37,749 right now watch this comet die because the hubble most of this week has 182 00:04:37,749 --> 00:04:37,759 because the hubble most of this week has 183 00:04:37,759 --> 00:04:38,790 because the hubble most of this week has spent its time 184 00:04:38,790 --> 00:04:38,800 spent its time 185 00:04:38,800 --> 00:04:40,390 spent its time focused on jupiter watching the 186 00:04:40,390 --> 00:04:40,400 focused on jupiter watching the 187 00:04:40,400 --> 00:04:42,310 focused on jupiter watching the spectacular display that you've 188 00:04:42,310 --> 00:04:42,320 spectacular display that you've 189 00:04:42,320 --> 00:04:44,469 spectacular display that you've talked about all this week but we can't 190 00:04:44,469 --> 00:04:44,479 talked about all this week but we can't 191 00:04:44,479 --> 00:04:48,469 talked about all this week but we can't forget about our kamikaze comet 192 00:04:48,469 --> 00:04:48,479 193 00:04:48,479 --> 00:04:50,310 of course that's the source of all the 194 00:04:50,310 --> 00:04:50,320 of course that's the source of all the 195 00:04:50,320 --> 00:04:51,670 of course that's the source of all the activity we're seeing and we really 196 00:04:51,670 --> 00:04:51,680 activity we're seeing and we really 197 00:04:51,680 --> 00:04:53,270 activity we're seeing and we really can't understand what's happening on 198 00:04:53,270 --> 00:04:53,280 can't understand what's happening on 199 00:04:53,280 --> 00:04:54,150 can't understand what's happening on jupiter 200 00:04:54,150 --> 00:04:54,160 jupiter 201 00:04:54,160 --> 00:04:56,629 jupiter until we understand what it is that went 202 00:04:56,629 --> 00:04:56,639 until we understand what it is that went 203 00:04:56,639 --> 00:04:58,790 until we understand what it is that went plowing into jupiter 204 00:04:58,790 --> 00:04:58,800 plowing into jupiter 205 00:04:58,800 --> 00:05:02,070 plowing into jupiter and as don was saying earlier 206 00:05:02,070 --> 00:05:02,080 and as don was saying earlier 207 00:05:02,080 --> 00:05:03,990 and as don was saying earlier the hubble actually swung off of jupiter 208 00:05:03,990 --> 00:05:04,000 the hubble actually swung off of jupiter 209 00:05:04,000 --> 00:05:05,110 the hubble actually swung off of jupiter and observed 210 00:05:05,110 --> 00:05:05,120 and observed 211 00:05:05,120 --> 00:05:06,950 and observed the very interesting q region in the 212 00:05:06,950 --> 00:05:06,960 the very interesting q region in the 213 00:05:06,960 --> 00:05:08,390 the very interesting q region in the comet this is one of the brighter 214 00:05:08,390 --> 00:05:08,400 comet this is one of the brighter 215 00:05:08,400 --> 00:05:09,670 comet this is one of the brighter regions 216 00:05:09,670 --> 00:05:09,680 regions 217 00:05:09,680 --> 00:05:12,950 regions only 10 hours prior prior to its plunge 218 00:05:12,950 --> 00:05:12,960 only 10 hours prior prior to its plunge 219 00:05:12,960 --> 00:05:14,390 only 10 hours prior prior to its plunge into jupiter 220 00:05:14,390 --> 00:05:14,400 into jupiter 221 00:05:14,400 --> 00:05:16,230 into jupiter now i thought before i showed you the 222 00:05:16,230 --> 00:05:16,240 now i thought before i showed you the 223 00:05:16,240 --> 00:05:17,590 now i thought before i showed you the pictures of 224 00:05:17,590 --> 00:05:17,600 pictures of 225 00:05:17,600 --> 00:05:20,070 pictures of the final pictures of q that i would 226 00:05:20,070 --> 00:05:20,080 the final pictures of q that i would 227 00:05:20,080 --> 00:05:21,670 the final pictures of q that i would step back and just 228 00:05:21,670 --> 00:05:21,680 step back and just 229 00:05:21,680 --> 00:05:24,469 step back and just give you a status report on the comet 230 00:05:24,469 --> 00:05:24,479 give you a status report on the comet 231 00:05:24,479 --> 00:05:25,909 give you a status report on the comet gives you sort of a road map 232 00:05:25,909 --> 00:05:25,919 gives you sort of a road map 233 00:05:25,919 --> 00:05:29,430 gives you sort of a road map if we can show the first picture 234 00:05:29,430 --> 00:05:29,440 if we can show the first picture 235 00:05:29,440 --> 00:05:31,029 if we can show the first picture i think most of you recognize now we've 236 00:05:31,029 --> 00:05:31,039 i think most of you recognize now we've 237 00:05:31,039 --> 00:05:32,629 i think most of you recognize now we've been lettering these 238 00:05:32,629 --> 00:05:32,639 been lettering these 239 00:05:32,639 --> 00:05:35,749 been lettering these commentary nuclei from a through w 240 00:05:35,749 --> 00:05:35,759 commentary nuclei from a through w 241 00:05:35,759 --> 00:05:39,029 commentary nuclei from a through w they're 21 pieces and 242 00:05:39,029 --> 00:05:39,039 they're 21 pieces and 243 00:05:39,039 --> 00:05:42,150 they're 21 pieces and a was the first one to go in on saturday 244 00:05:42,150 --> 00:05:42,160 a was the first one to go in on saturday 245 00:05:42,160 --> 00:05:46,629 a was the first one to go in on saturday and we're now up to just in front of the 246 00:05:46,629 --> 00:05:46,639 and we're now up to just in front of the 247 00:05:46,639 --> 00:05:50,070 and we're now up to just in front of the s impact and s is going to be going in 248 00:05:50,070 --> 00:05:50,080 s impact and s is going to be going in 249 00:05:50,080 --> 00:05:51,430 s impact and s is going to be going in about three hours from now 250 00:05:51,430 --> 00:05:51,440 about three hours from now 251 00:05:51,440 --> 00:05:55,270 about three hours from now about about 11 am and you see 252 00:05:55,270 --> 00:05:55,280 about about 11 am and you see 253 00:05:55,280 --> 00:05:57,830 about about 11 am and you see a couple couple of pieces before s you 254 00:05:57,830 --> 00:05:57,840 a couple couple of pieces before s you 255 00:05:57,840 --> 00:05:59,189 a couple couple of pieces before s you see the q region 256 00:05:59,189 --> 00:05:59,199 see the q region 257 00:05:59,199 --> 00:06:01,110 see the q region that was a has always been recognized as 258 00:06:01,110 --> 00:06:01,120 that was a has always been recognized as 259 00:06:01,120 --> 00:06:02,629 that was a has always been recognized as a very interesting region 260 00:06:02,629 --> 00:06:02,639 a very interesting region 261 00:06:02,639 --> 00:06:05,590 a very interesting region but if we go to the next graphic you'll 262 00:06:05,590 --> 00:06:05,600 but if we go to the next graphic you'll 263 00:06:05,600 --> 00:06:07,430 but if we go to the next graphic you'll see 264 00:06:07,430 --> 00:06:07,440 see 265 00:06:07,440 --> 00:06:09,110 see what is left if we can dissolve to the 266 00:06:09,110 --> 00:06:09,120 what is left if we can dissolve to the 267 00:06:09,120 --> 00:06:14,230 what is left if we can dissolve to the next graphic 268 00:06:14,230 --> 00:06:14,240 269 00:06:14,240 --> 00:06:17,029 okay we 16 of the pieces have gone and 270 00:06:17,029 --> 00:06:17,039 okay we 16 of the pieces have gone and 271 00:06:17,039 --> 00:06:19,830 okay we 16 of the pieces have gone and we got five left to go 272 00:06:19,830 --> 00:06:19,840 we got five left to go 273 00:06:19,840 --> 00:06:22,870 we got five left to go and q as i said has always been 274 00:06:22,870 --> 00:06:22,880 and q as i said has always been 275 00:06:22,880 --> 00:06:24,150 and q as i said has always been recognized as one of the more 276 00:06:24,150 --> 00:06:24,160 recognized as one of the more 277 00:06:24,160 --> 00:06:25,110 recognized as one of the more interesting 278 00:06:25,110 --> 00:06:25,120 interesting 279 00:06:25,120 --> 00:06:27,189 interesting pieces of the comment and if we can go 280 00:06:27,189 --> 00:06:27,199 pieces of the comment and if we can go 281 00:06:27,199 --> 00:06:29,830 pieces of the comment and if we can go to to the next graphic showing 282 00:06:29,830 --> 00:06:29,840 to to the next graphic showing 283 00:06:29,840 --> 00:06:34,070 to to the next graphic showing the q region as we saw it in late march 284 00:06:34,070 --> 00:06:34,080 the q region as we saw it in late march 285 00:06:34,080 --> 00:06:38,629 the q region as we saw it in late march you'll see why it was so interesting 286 00:06:38,629 --> 00:06:38,639 287 00:06:38,639 --> 00:06:46,550 i think having it 288 00:06:46,550 --> 00:06:46,560 289 00:06:46,560 --> 00:06:50,230 could you roll the next graphic please 290 00:06:50,230 --> 00:06:50,240 291 00:06:50,240 --> 00:06:53,029 um you can kind of make out here why q 292 00:06:53,029 --> 00:06:53,039 um you can kind of make out here why q 293 00:06:53,039 --> 00:06:53,830 um you can kind of make out here why q is special 294 00:06:53,830 --> 00:06:53,840 is special 295 00:06:53,840 --> 00:06:56,230 is special it's obviously not okay this is showing 296 00:06:56,230 --> 00:06:56,240 it's obviously not okay this is showing 297 00:06:56,240 --> 00:06:58,150 it's obviously not okay this is showing what's left most of the comment is gone 298 00:06:58,150 --> 00:06:58,160 what's left most of the comment is gone 299 00:06:58,160 --> 00:06:59,909 what's left most of the comment is gone most of it has died away and 300 00:06:59,909 --> 00:06:59,919 most of it has died away and 301 00:06:59,919 --> 00:07:01,270 most of it has died away and unfortunately we only have these few 302 00:07:01,270 --> 00:07:01,280 unfortunately we only have these few 303 00:07:01,280 --> 00:07:02,550 unfortunately we only have these few pieces left for those of us who like 304 00:07:02,550 --> 00:07:02,560 pieces left for those of us who like 305 00:07:02,560 --> 00:07:03,189 pieces left for those of us who like comments 306 00:07:03,189 --> 00:07:03,199 comments 307 00:07:03,199 --> 00:07:06,150 comments now if you can go on to the next the 308 00:07:06,150 --> 00:07:06,160 now if you can go on to the next the 309 00:07:06,160 --> 00:07:08,710 now if you can go on to the next the next picture 310 00:07:08,710 --> 00:07:08,720 next picture 311 00:07:08,720 --> 00:07:12,070 next picture and this is how q appeared to the left 312 00:07:12,070 --> 00:07:12,080 and this is how q appeared to the left 313 00:07:12,080 --> 00:07:13,990 and this is how q appeared to the left this is how q appeared 314 00:07:13,990 --> 00:07:14,000 this is how q appeared 315 00:07:14,000 --> 00:07:16,950 this is how q appeared in late march there was actually four 316 00:07:16,950 --> 00:07:16,960 in late march there was actually four 317 00:07:16,960 --> 00:07:18,550 in late march there was actually four pieces in the field at that point 318 00:07:18,550 --> 00:07:18,560 pieces in the field at that point 319 00:07:18,560 --> 00:07:22,309 pieces in the field at that point q1 q2 and then 320 00:07:22,309 --> 00:07:22,319 q1 q2 and then 321 00:07:22,319 --> 00:07:25,909 q1 q2 and then down below those are the so-called p 322 00:07:25,909 --> 00:07:25,919 down below those are the so-called p 323 00:07:25,919 --> 00:07:29,029 down below those are the so-called p region and 324 00:07:29,029 --> 00:07:29,039 region and 325 00:07:29,039 --> 00:07:31,830 region and q you can see is a double object and 326 00:07:31,830 --> 00:07:31,840 q you can see is a double object and 327 00:07:31,840 --> 00:07:34,070 q you can see is a double object and that's what made it so interesting 328 00:07:34,070 --> 00:07:34,080 that's what made it so interesting 329 00:07:34,080 --> 00:07:36,150 that's what made it so interesting most of the fragments in the comet had 330 00:07:36,150 --> 00:07:36,160 most of the fragments in the comet had 331 00:07:36,160 --> 00:07:37,110 most of the fragments in the comet had remained stable 332 00:07:37,110 --> 00:07:37,120 remained stable 333 00:07:37,120 --> 00:07:39,110 remained stable for about two years not showing any 334 00:07:39,110 --> 00:07:39,120 for about two years not showing any 335 00:07:39,120 --> 00:07:40,390 for about two years not showing any evidence of breakup 336 00:07:40,390 --> 00:07:40,400 evidence of breakup 337 00:07:40,400 --> 00:07:42,710 evidence of breakup but q from the time that we started 338 00:07:42,710 --> 00:07:42,720 but q from the time that we started 339 00:07:42,720 --> 00:07:43,670 but q from the time that we started observing it 340 00:07:43,670 --> 00:07:43,680 observing it 341 00:07:43,680 --> 00:07:45,189 observing it they had these two bodies close to each 342 00:07:45,189 --> 00:07:45,199 they had these two bodies close to each 343 00:07:45,199 --> 00:07:46,469 they had these two bodies close to each other indicating that there was a 344 00:07:46,469 --> 00:07:46,479 other indicating that there was a 345 00:07:46,479 --> 00:07:47,430 other indicating that there was a subsequent 346 00:07:47,430 --> 00:07:47,440 subsequent 347 00:07:47,440 --> 00:07:49,270 subsequent a fragmentation of cues subsequent to 348 00:07:49,270 --> 00:07:49,280 a fragmentation of cues subsequent to 349 00:07:49,280 --> 00:07:52,309 a fragmentation of cues subsequent to the the breakup of the original body 350 00:07:52,309 --> 00:07:52,319 the the breakup of the original body 351 00:07:52,319 --> 00:07:55,589 the the breakup of the original body and based on that 352 00:07:55,589 --> 00:07:55,599 and based on that 353 00:07:55,599 --> 00:07:57,350 and based on that some of us thought that maybe q was a 354 00:07:57,350 --> 00:07:57,360 some of us thought that maybe q was a 355 00:07:57,360 --> 00:07:59,029 some of us thought that maybe q was a good candidate for breaking up further 356 00:07:59,029 --> 00:07:59,039 good candidate for breaking up further 357 00:07:59,039 --> 00:08:00,390 good candidate for breaking up further as it came into jupiter 358 00:08:00,390 --> 00:08:00,400 as it came into jupiter 359 00:08:00,400 --> 00:08:01,909 as it came into jupiter that's why we wanted to take the last 360 00:08:01,909 --> 00:08:01,919 that's why we wanted to take the last 361 00:08:01,919 --> 00:08:03,589 that's why we wanted to take the last look because the amount of 362 00:08:03,589 --> 00:08:03,599 look because the amount of 363 00:08:03,599 --> 00:08:04,950 look because the amount of energy that's impact you know that goes 364 00:08:04,950 --> 00:08:04,960 energy that's impact you know that goes 365 00:08:04,960 --> 00:08:06,869 energy that's impact you know that goes into jupiter's atmosphere and causes 366 00:08:06,869 --> 00:08:06,879 into jupiter's atmosphere and causes 367 00:08:06,879 --> 00:08:08,469 into jupiter's atmosphere and causes these explosions depends on how much 368 00:08:08,469 --> 00:08:08,479 these explosions depends on how much 369 00:08:08,479 --> 00:08:09,589 these explosions depends on how much mass and if this thing is going to be 370 00:08:09,589 --> 00:08:09,599 mass and if this thing is going to be 371 00:08:09,599 --> 00:08:11,430 mass and if this thing is going to be breaking up into small pieces before it 372 00:08:11,430 --> 00:08:11,440 breaking up into small pieces before it 373 00:08:11,440 --> 00:08:13,990 breaking up into small pieces before it goes into jupiter you get much less bang 374 00:08:13,990 --> 00:08:14,000 goes into jupiter you get much less bang 375 00:08:14,000 --> 00:08:17,029 goes into jupiter you get much less bang so yesterday morning we took the picture 376 00:08:17,029 --> 00:08:17,039 so yesterday morning we took the picture 377 00:08:17,039 --> 00:08:17,990 so yesterday morning we took the picture to the right 378 00:08:17,990 --> 00:08:18,000 to the right 379 00:08:18,000 --> 00:08:20,070 to the right which shows how dramatically stretched 380 00:08:20,070 --> 00:08:20,080 which shows how dramatically stretched 381 00:08:20,080 --> 00:08:21,110 which shows how dramatically stretched out 382 00:08:21,110 --> 00:08:21,120 out 383 00:08:21,120 --> 00:08:23,189 out the comet is getting just before going 384 00:08:23,189 --> 00:08:23,199 the comet is getting just before going 385 00:08:23,199 --> 00:08:24,950 the comet is getting just before going into jupiter it stretches out 386 00:08:24,950 --> 00:08:24,960 into jupiter it stretches out 387 00:08:24,960 --> 00:08:27,670 into jupiter it stretches out along the direction along the path of 388 00:08:27,670 --> 00:08:27,680 along the direction along the path of 389 00:08:27,680 --> 00:08:29,670 along the direction along the path of its motion into jupiter 390 00:08:29,670 --> 00:08:29,680 its motion into jupiter 391 00:08:29,680 --> 00:08:33,670 its motion into jupiter and you see that uh q1 and q2 the comey 392 00:08:33,670 --> 00:08:33,680 and you see that uh q1 and q2 the comey 393 00:08:33,680 --> 00:08:35,430 and you see that uh q1 and q2 the comey which is the dust around the comet is 394 00:08:35,430 --> 00:08:35,440 which is the dust around the comet is 395 00:08:35,440 --> 00:08:36,550 which is the dust around the comet is getting stretched out along the 396 00:08:36,550 --> 00:08:36,560 getting stretched out along the 397 00:08:36,560 --> 00:08:37,670 getting stretched out along the direction of motion 398 00:08:37,670 --> 00:08:37,680 direction of motion 399 00:08:37,680 --> 00:08:39,430 direction of motion but but the fragments are hanging in 400 00:08:39,430 --> 00:08:39,440 but but the fragments are hanging in 401 00:08:39,440 --> 00:08:42,070 but but the fragments are hanging in there just 10 hours prior to the impact 402 00:08:42,070 --> 00:08:42,080 there just 10 hours prior to the impact 403 00:08:42,080 --> 00:08:43,589 there just 10 hours prior to the impact they're still hanging in there 404 00:08:43,589 --> 00:08:43,599 they're still hanging in there 405 00:08:43,599 --> 00:08:45,110 they're still hanging in there indicating that there should be a 406 00:08:45,110 --> 00:08:45,120 indicating that there should be a 407 00:08:45,120 --> 00:08:49,110 indicating that there should be a substantial splash when it hits jupiter 408 00:08:49,110 --> 00:08:49,120 409 00:08:49,120 --> 00:08:51,509 now at that point uh i think we're ready 410 00:08:51,509 --> 00:08:51,519 now at that point uh i think we're ready 411 00:08:51,519 --> 00:08:53,110 now at that point uh i think we're ready to turn it over to rita and find out 412 00:08:53,110 --> 00:08:53,120 to turn it over to rita and find out 413 00:08:53,120 --> 00:08:55,350 to turn it over to rita and find out exactly what happened as the q impacts 414 00:08:55,350 --> 00:08:55,360 exactly what happened as the q impacts 415 00:08:55,360 --> 00:08:59,350 exactly what happened as the q impacts went into jupiter 416 00:08:59,350 --> 00:08:59,360 417 00:08:59,360 --> 00:09:01,350 i know you're all waiting for the triple 418 00:09:01,350 --> 00:09:01,360 i know you're all waiting for the triple 419 00:09:01,360 --> 00:09:04,470 i know you're all waiting for the triple whammy 420 00:09:04,470 --> 00:09:04,480 421 00:09:04,480 --> 00:09:06,470 actually from what he's just told you 422 00:09:06,470 --> 00:09:06,480 actually from what he's just told you 423 00:09:06,480 --> 00:09:08,389 actually from what he's just told you it's a quadruple miami 424 00:09:08,389 --> 00:09:08,399 it's a quadruple miami 425 00:09:08,399 --> 00:09:11,430 it's a quadruple miami because we have q1 q2 and then we have 426 00:09:11,430 --> 00:09:11,440 because we have q1 q2 and then we have 427 00:09:11,440 --> 00:09:15,269 because we have q1 q2 and then we have rns going in the planet rotates once 428 00:09:15,269 --> 00:09:15,279 rns going in the planet rotates once 429 00:09:15,279 --> 00:09:16,550 rns going in the planet rotates once every 10 hours 430 00:09:16,550 --> 00:09:16,560 every 10 hours 431 00:09:16,560 --> 00:09:19,590 every 10 hours q2 and q1 were 432 00:09:19,590 --> 00:09:19,600 q2 and q1 were 433 00:09:19,600 --> 00:09:21,269 q2 and q1 were scheduled to arrive so that they should 434 00:09:21,269 --> 00:09:21,279 scheduled to arrive so that they should 435 00:09:21,279 --> 00:09:24,389 scheduled to arrive so that they should have impacted about 12 degrees apart 436 00:09:24,389 --> 00:09:24,399 have impacted about 12 degrees apart 437 00:09:24,399 --> 00:09:27,509 have impacted about 12 degrees apart and then almost 10 hours later 438 00:09:27,509 --> 00:09:27,519 and then almost 10 hours later 439 00:09:27,519 --> 00:09:29,990 and then almost 10 hours later r comes in and almost 10 hours later s 440 00:09:29,990 --> 00:09:30,000 r comes in and almost 10 hours later s 441 00:09:30,000 --> 00:09:31,509 r comes in and almost 10 hours later s comes in 442 00:09:31,509 --> 00:09:31,519 comes in 443 00:09:31,519 --> 00:09:34,550 comes in so that the this impact site will have 444 00:09:34,550 --> 00:09:34,560 so that the this impact site will have 445 00:09:34,560 --> 00:09:36,710 so that the this impact site will have only 10 hours to recover 446 00:09:36,710 --> 00:09:36,720 only 10 hours to recover 447 00:09:36,720 --> 00:09:38,949 only 10 hours to recover from site to site the site could i have 448 00:09:38,949 --> 00:09:38,959 from site to site the site could i have 449 00:09:38,959 --> 00:09:43,430 from site to site the site could i have my first graphic please 450 00:09:43,430 --> 00:09:43,440 451 00:09:43,440 --> 00:09:49,190 could i have the next one please 452 00:09:49,190 --> 00:09:49,200 453 00:09:49,200 --> 00:09:55,829 could i have the next one please 454 00:09:55,829 --> 00:09:55,839 455 00:09:55,839 --> 00:10:03,670 next graphic please next graphic please 456 00:10:03,670 --> 00:10:03,680 next graphic please next graphic please 457 00:10:03,680 --> 00:10:04,389 next graphic please next graphic please okay 458 00:10:04,389 --> 00:10:04,399 okay 459 00:10:04,399 --> 00:10:06,470 okay uh we'll start with the one that was 460 00:10:06,470 --> 00:10:06,480 uh we'll start with the one that was 461 00:10:06,480 --> 00:10:07,670 uh we'll start with the one that was displayed at uh 462 00:10:07,670 --> 00:10:07,680 displayed at uh 463 00:10:07,680 --> 00:10:11,190 displayed at uh when we first came in uh that one showed 464 00:10:11,190 --> 00:10:11,200 when we first came in uh that one showed 465 00:10:11,200 --> 00:10:14,870 when we first came in uh that one showed the g impact site about an hour and 45 466 00:10:14,870 --> 00:10:14,880 the g impact site about an hour and 45 467 00:10:14,880 --> 00:10:15,990 the g impact site about an hour and 45 minutes 468 00:10:15,990 --> 00:10:16,000 minutes 469 00:10:16,000 --> 00:10:19,750 minutes after that the g had impacted 470 00:10:19,750 --> 00:10:19,760 after that the g had impacted 471 00:10:19,760 --> 00:10:22,470 after that the g had impacted d had impacted considerably early but d 472 00:10:22,470 --> 00:10:22,480 d had impacted considerably early but d 473 00:10:22,480 --> 00:10:24,470 d had impacted considerably early but d was quite a small one it's just a small 474 00:10:24,470 --> 00:10:24,480 was quite a small one it's just a small 475 00:10:24,480 --> 00:10:26,790 was quite a small one it's just a small spot sitting off to the side 476 00:10:26,790 --> 00:10:26,800 spot sitting off to the side 477 00:10:26,800 --> 00:10:28,790 spot sitting off to the side now could i have the previous graphic 478 00:10:28,790 --> 00:10:28,800 now could i have the previous graphic 479 00:10:28,800 --> 00:10:31,430 now could i have the previous graphic and we'll see the same region 480 00:10:31,430 --> 00:10:31,440 and we'll see the same region 481 00:10:31,440 --> 00:10:34,710 and we'll see the same region 61 hours later could we go back to the 482 00:10:34,710 --> 00:10:34,720 61 hours later could we go back to the 483 00:10:34,720 --> 00:10:35,750 61 hours later could we go back to the other color graphic 484 00:10:35,750 --> 00:10:35,760 other color graphic 485 00:10:35,760 --> 00:10:40,069 other color graphic please 486 00:10:40,069 --> 00:10:40,079 487 00:10:40,079 --> 00:10:43,190 so here you see the development site d 488 00:10:43,190 --> 00:10:43,200 so here you see the development site d 489 00:10:43,200 --> 00:10:46,790 so here you see the development site d is the impact site uh in the upper 490 00:10:46,790 --> 00:10:46,800 is the impact site uh in the upper 491 00:10:46,800 --> 00:10:47,990 is the impact site uh in the upper portion 492 00:10:47,990 --> 00:10:48,000 portion 493 00:10:48,000 --> 00:10:51,829 portion and l has arrived in the interim 494 00:10:51,829 --> 00:10:51,839 and l has arrived in the interim 495 00:10:51,839 --> 00:10:54,550 and l has arrived in the interim and it's below the white two white spots 496 00:10:54,550 --> 00:10:54,560 and it's below the white two white spots 497 00:10:54,560 --> 00:10:55,190 and it's below the white two white spots or off 498 00:10:55,190 --> 00:10:55,200 or off 499 00:10:55,200 --> 00:10:57,829 or off to to the left of the screen so here we 500 00:10:57,829 --> 00:10:57,839 to to the left of the screen so here we 501 00:10:57,839 --> 00:10:59,990 to to the left of the screen so here we see the the 502 00:10:59,990 --> 00:11:00,000 see the the 503 00:11:00,000 --> 00:11:03,110 see the the how these uh bodies have evolved 504 00:11:03,110 --> 00:11:03,120 how these uh bodies have evolved 505 00:11:03,120 --> 00:11:06,310 how these uh bodies have evolved over in the case of 506 00:11:06,310 --> 00:11:06,320 over in the case of 507 00:11:06,320 --> 00:11:09,910 over in the case of these 61 hours and in the case of 508 00:11:09,910 --> 00:11:09,920 these 61 hours and in the case of 509 00:11:09,920 --> 00:11:13,670 these 61 hours and in the case of 39 hours off on the limb 510 00:11:13,670 --> 00:11:13,680 39 hours off on the limb 511 00:11:13,680 --> 00:11:15,910 39 hours off on the limb of the planet up at the top of the 512 00:11:15,910 --> 00:11:15,920 of the planet up at the top of the 513 00:11:15,920 --> 00:11:17,030 of the planet up at the top of the screen 514 00:11:17,030 --> 00:11:17,040 screen 515 00:11:17,040 --> 00:11:20,470 screen we see q the the impact q 516 00:11:20,470 --> 00:11:20,480 we see q the the impact q 517 00:11:20,480 --> 00:11:22,550 we see q the the impact q just coming around so that from this 518 00:11:22,550 --> 00:11:22,560 just coming around so that from this 519 00:11:22,560 --> 00:11:24,069 just coming around so that from this point of view you can see that 520 00:11:24,069 --> 00:11:24,079 point of view you can see that 521 00:11:24,079 --> 00:11:28,389 point of view you can see that q has landed now q2 522 00:11:28,389 --> 00:11:28,399 q has landed now q2 523 00:11:28,399 --> 00:11:31,829 q has landed now q2 was scheduled to arrive 524 00:11:31,829 --> 00:11:31,839 was scheduled to arrive 525 00:11:31,839 --> 00:11:35,110 was scheduled to arrive so that it would have impacted 12 526 00:11:35,110 --> 00:11:35,120 so that it would have impacted 12 527 00:11:35,120 --> 00:11:35,670 so that it would have impacted 12 degrees 528 00:11:35,670 --> 00:11:35,680 degrees 529 00:11:35,680 --> 00:11:39,509 degrees into the field of view here 530 00:11:39,509 --> 00:11:39,519 531 00:11:39,519 --> 00:11:42,790 if it arrived according to paul chodes 532 00:11:42,790 --> 00:11:42,800 if it arrived according to paul chodes 533 00:11:42,800 --> 00:11:43,350 if it arrived according to paul chodes last 534 00:11:43,350 --> 00:11:43,360 last 535 00:11:43,360 --> 00:11:46,550 last computed time arrival it should be the 536 00:11:46,550 --> 00:11:46,560 computed time arrival it should be the 537 00:11:46,560 --> 00:11:47,670 computed time arrival it should be the tiny little 538 00:11:47,670 --> 00:11:47,680 tiny little 539 00:11:47,680 --> 00:11:51,350 tiny little brown spot that you can scarcely see 540 00:11:51,350 --> 00:11:51,360 brown spot that you can scarcely see 541 00:11:51,360 --> 00:11:54,629 brown spot that you can scarcely see if you look across from 542 00:11:54,629 --> 00:11:54,639 if you look across from 543 00:11:54,639 --> 00:11:57,829 if you look across from the q impact site toward the g 544 00:11:57,829 --> 00:11:57,839 the q impact site toward the g 545 00:11:57,839 --> 00:12:01,269 the q impact site toward the g impact site there's a small brown comma 546 00:12:01,269 --> 00:12:01,279 impact site there's a small brown comma 547 00:12:01,279 --> 00:12:05,269 impact site there's a small brown comma in there which is almost invisible 548 00:12:05,269 --> 00:12:05,279 in there which is almost invisible 549 00:12:05,279 --> 00:12:12,230 in there which is almost invisible now that's either q2 or that's a culit 550 00:12:12,230 --> 00:12:12,240 551 00:12:12,240 --> 00:12:17,670 q broke up q2 is a younger fragment 552 00:12:17,670 --> 00:12:17,680 q broke up q2 is a younger fragment 553 00:12:17,680 --> 00:12:20,870 q broke up q2 is a younger fragment than q1 so it's quite possible that 554 00:12:20,870 --> 00:12:20,880 than q1 so it's quite possible that 555 00:12:20,880 --> 00:12:23,509 than q1 so it's quite possible that there are other fragments 556 00:12:23,509 --> 00:12:23,519 there are other fragments 557 00:12:23,519 --> 00:12:26,150 there are other fragments we have only one orbit of data and we 558 00:12:26,150 --> 00:12:26,160 we have only one orbit of data and we 559 00:12:26,160 --> 00:12:27,670 we have only one orbit of data and we got this down at two o'clock this 560 00:12:27,670 --> 00:12:27,680 got this down at two o'clock this 561 00:12:27,680 --> 00:12:29,990 got this down at two o'clock this morning so we have been busily 562 00:12:29,990 --> 00:12:30,000 morning so we have been busily 563 00:12:30,000 --> 00:12:32,550 morning so we have been busily setting this up for you and we haven't 564 00:12:32,550 --> 00:12:32,560 setting this up for you and we haven't 565 00:12:32,560 --> 00:12:33,110 setting this up for you and we haven't had 566 00:12:33,110 --> 00:12:33,120 had 567 00:12:33,120 --> 00:12:36,150 had any chance to check so one thing we can 568 00:12:36,150 --> 00:12:36,160 any chance to check so one thing we can 569 00:12:36,160 --> 00:12:37,350 any chance to check so one thing we can say about this feature 570 00:12:37,350 --> 00:12:37,360 say about this feature 571 00:12:37,360 --> 00:12:39,990 say about this feature is that this is the smallest impact site 572 00:12:39,990 --> 00:12:40,000 is that this is the smallest impact site 573 00:12:40,000 --> 00:12:42,389 is that this is the smallest impact site we have seen yet 574 00:12:42,389 --> 00:12:42,399 we have seen yet 575 00:12:42,399 --> 00:12:46,790 we have seen yet and certainly when you consider that 576 00:12:46,790 --> 00:12:46,800 577 00:12:46,800 --> 00:12:48,870 the fact that it is brown is interesting 578 00:12:48,870 --> 00:12:48,880 the fact that it is brown is interesting 579 00:12:48,880 --> 00:12:52,470 the fact that it is brown is interesting now can i have the other graphic please 580 00:12:52,470 --> 00:12:52,480 now can i have the other graphic please 581 00:12:52,480 --> 00:12:53,910 now can i have the other graphic please describe which one it is you're looking 582 00:12:53,910 --> 00:12:53,920 describe which one it is you're looking 583 00:12:53,920 --> 00:12:56,069 describe which one it is you're looking for okay this one 584 00:12:56,069 --> 00:12:56,079 for okay this one 585 00:12:56,079 --> 00:12:59,110 for okay this one okay now this one is that taken at about 586 00:12:59,110 --> 00:12:59,120 okay now this one is that taken at about 587 00:12:59,120 --> 00:13:00,629 okay now this one is that taken at about the same time 588 00:13:00,629 --> 00:13:00,639 the same time 589 00:13:00,639 --> 00:13:03,750 the same time in the methane filter 590 00:13:03,750 --> 00:13:03,760 in the methane filter 591 00:13:03,760 --> 00:13:10,389 in the methane filter so that every place on this that is dark 592 00:13:10,389 --> 00:13:10,399 593 00:13:10,399 --> 00:13:12,949 is dark because the the sunlight is 594 00:13:12,949 --> 00:13:12,959 is dark because the the sunlight is 595 00:13:12,959 --> 00:13:14,790 is dark because the the sunlight is coming in and the methane gas is 596 00:13:14,790 --> 00:13:14,800 coming in and the methane gas is 597 00:13:14,800 --> 00:13:16,710 coming in and the methane gas is absorbing it before it can get back 598 00:13:16,710 --> 00:13:16,720 absorbing it before it can get back 599 00:13:16,720 --> 00:13:20,069 absorbing it before it can get back out now look for 600 00:13:20,069 --> 00:13:20,079 out now look for 601 00:13:20,079 --> 00:13:23,269 out now look for our little friend in that 602 00:13:23,269 --> 00:13:23,279 our little friend in that 603 00:13:23,279 --> 00:13:26,790 our little friend in that you see the q site on the on the edge of 604 00:13:26,790 --> 00:13:26,800 you see the q site on the on the edge of 605 00:13:26,800 --> 00:13:27,750 you see the q site on the on the edge of the planet there 606 00:13:27,750 --> 00:13:27,760 the planet there 607 00:13:27,760 --> 00:13:31,750 the planet there that may be a complex of q2 and q1 608 00:13:31,750 --> 00:13:31,760 that may be a complex of q2 and q1 609 00:13:31,760 --> 00:13:34,949 that may be a complex of q2 and q1 or that may be q1 and then down 610 00:13:34,949 --> 00:13:34,959 or that may be q1 and then down 611 00:13:34,959 --> 00:13:37,509 or that may be q1 and then down along the track you see a tiny white 612 00:13:37,509 --> 00:13:37,519 along the track you see a tiny white 613 00:13:37,519 --> 00:13:38,629 along the track you see a tiny white spot 614 00:13:38,629 --> 00:13:38,639 spot 615 00:13:38,639 --> 00:13:42,629 spot now in the in the insert you you see a 616 00:13:42,629 --> 00:13:42,639 now in the in the insert you you see a 617 00:13:42,639 --> 00:13:43,750 now in the in the insert you you see a grossly 618 00:13:43,750 --> 00:13:43,760 grossly 619 00:13:43,760 --> 00:13:47,030 grossly filtered view and you see 620 00:13:47,030 --> 00:13:47,040 filtered view and you see 621 00:13:47,040 --> 00:13:51,030 filtered view and you see the pattern of the evolving 622 00:13:51,030 --> 00:13:51,040 the pattern of the evolving 623 00:13:51,040 --> 00:13:54,069 the pattern of the evolving g site and you see that the q 624 00:13:54,069 --> 00:13:54,079 g site and you see that the q 625 00:13:54,079 --> 00:13:57,990 g site and you see that the q site at the top and in between you see a 626 00:13:57,990 --> 00:13:58,000 site at the top and in between you see a 627 00:13:58,000 --> 00:13:59,269 site at the top and in between you see a little white 628 00:13:59,269 --> 00:13:59,279 little white 629 00:13:59,279 --> 00:14:02,470 little white spot now this is much 630 00:14:02,470 --> 00:14:02,480 spot now this is much 631 00:14:02,480 --> 00:14:05,750 spot now this is much much fainter than the d-spot was 632 00:14:05,750 --> 00:14:05,760 much fainter than the d-spot was 633 00:14:05,760 --> 00:14:08,470 much fainter than the d-spot was when it was young it was quite easy to 634 00:14:08,470 --> 00:14:08,480 when it was young it was quite easy to 635 00:14:08,480 --> 00:14:10,550 when it was young it was quite easy to see it in methane light 636 00:14:10,550 --> 00:14:10,560 see it in methane light 637 00:14:10,560 --> 00:14:13,590 see it in methane light so this definitely is our baby 638 00:14:13,590 --> 00:14:13,600 so this definitely is our baby 639 00:14:13,600 --> 00:14:15,750 so this definitely is our baby of the whole family and what's 640 00:14:15,750 --> 00:14:15,760 of the whole family and what's 641 00:14:15,760 --> 00:14:17,910 of the whole family and what's interesting is that 642 00:14:17,910 --> 00:14:17,920 interesting is that 643 00:14:17,920 --> 00:14:20,150 interesting is that in the images that i put together to 644 00:14:20,150 --> 00:14:20,160 in the images that i put together to 645 00:14:20,160 --> 00:14:22,069 in the images that i put together to make the color view for you 646 00:14:22,069 --> 00:14:22,079 make the color view for you 647 00:14:22,079 --> 00:14:25,189 make the color view for you it had the same color dependence as any 648 00:14:25,189 --> 00:14:25,199 it had the same color dependence as any 649 00:14:25,199 --> 00:14:26,629 it had the same color dependence as any of the big spots 650 00:14:26,629 --> 00:14:26,639 of the big spots 651 00:14:26,639 --> 00:14:29,670 of the big spots it too is dark in all of those colors so 652 00:14:29,670 --> 00:14:29,680 it too is dark in all of those colors so 653 00:14:29,680 --> 00:14:31,670 it too is dark in all of those colors so whether it's q2 or not 654 00:14:31,670 --> 00:14:31,680 whether it's q2 or not 655 00:14:31,680 --> 00:14:33,590 whether it's q2 or not is really not that significant what's 656 00:14:33,590 --> 00:14:33,600 is really not that significant what's 657 00:14:33,600 --> 00:14:35,590 is really not that significant what's really significant 658 00:14:35,590 --> 00:14:35,600 really significant 659 00:14:35,600 --> 00:14:39,750 really significant is that this tiny little one went in 660 00:14:39,750 --> 00:14:39,760 is that this tiny little one went in 661 00:14:39,760 --> 00:14:42,310 is that this tiny little one went in and it's behaving in the same it has the 662 00:14:42,310 --> 00:14:42,320 and it's behaving in the same it has the 663 00:14:42,320 --> 00:14:42,790 and it's behaving in the same it has the same 664 00:14:42,790 --> 00:14:42,800 same 665 00:14:42,800 --> 00:14:46,310 same color behavior enough material came 666 00:14:46,310 --> 00:14:46,320 color behavior enough material came 667 00:14:46,320 --> 00:14:48,629 color behavior enough material came up to get high enough above the clouds 668 00:14:48,629 --> 00:14:48,639 up to get high enough above the clouds 669 00:14:48,639 --> 00:14:50,629 up to get high enough above the clouds to reflect and be white 670 00:14:50,629 --> 00:14:50,639 to reflect and be white 671 00:14:50,639 --> 00:14:54,550 to reflect and be white and still in all the other colors 672 00:14:54,550 --> 00:14:54,560 and still in all the other colors 673 00:14:54,560 --> 00:14:58,710 and still in all the other colors it's dark so that may we now are 674 00:14:58,710 --> 00:14:58,720 it's dark so that may we now are 675 00:14:58,720 --> 00:15:00,629 it's dark so that may we now are sort of getting a lever on this and this 676 00:15:00,629 --> 00:15:00,639 sort of getting a lever on this and this 677 00:15:00,639 --> 00:15:02,629 sort of getting a lever on this and this this may help us to argue whether this 678 00:15:02,629 --> 00:15:02,639 this may help us to argue whether this 679 00:15:02,639 --> 00:15:04,550 this may help us to argue whether this material is really coming from a comet 680 00:15:04,550 --> 00:15:04,560 material is really coming from a comet 681 00:15:04,560 --> 00:15:05,910 material is really coming from a comet or not 682 00:15:05,910 --> 00:15:05,920 or not 683 00:15:05,920 --> 00:15:09,670 or not now we have a problem uh about the the 684 00:15:09,670 --> 00:15:09,680 now we have a problem uh about the the 685 00:15:09,680 --> 00:15:11,990 now we have a problem uh about the the 17th of may hal took an image that 686 00:15:11,990 --> 00:15:12,000 17th of may hal took an image that 687 00:15:12,000 --> 00:15:14,310 17th of may hal took an image that he had and he assumed that the 688 00:15:14,310 --> 00:15:14,320 he had and he assumed that the 689 00:15:14,320 --> 00:15:15,350 he had and he assumed that the brightness 690 00:15:15,350 --> 00:15:15,360 brightness 691 00:15:15,360 --> 00:15:18,710 brightness of the comet was equivalent to the mass 692 00:15:18,710 --> 00:15:18,720 of the comet was equivalent to the mass 693 00:15:18,720 --> 00:15:21,189 of the comet was equivalent to the mass and from that he computed the energies 694 00:15:21,189 --> 00:15:21,199 and from that he computed the energies 695 00:15:21,199 --> 00:15:22,470 and from that he computed the energies of impact 696 00:15:22,470 --> 00:15:22,480 of impact 697 00:15:22,480 --> 00:15:25,269 of impact and if you set the impact energy of a 698 00:15:25,269 --> 00:15:25,279 and if you set the impact energy of a 699 00:15:25,279 --> 00:15:25,990 and if you set the impact energy of a equal to 700 00:15:25,990 --> 00:15:26,000 equal to 701 00:15:26,000 --> 00:15:29,030 equal to one the impact energy 702 00:15:29,030 --> 00:15:29,040 one the impact energy 703 00:15:29,040 --> 00:15:32,710 one the impact energy of d was equal to one and the impact 704 00:15:32,710 --> 00:15:32,720 of d was equal to one and the impact 705 00:15:32,720 --> 00:15:33,749 of d was equal to one and the impact energy of g 706 00:15:33,749 --> 00:15:33,759 energy of g 707 00:15:33,759 --> 00:15:37,430 energy of g was equal to twenty four now he had 708 00:15:37,430 --> 00:15:37,440 was equal to twenty four now he had 709 00:15:37,440 --> 00:15:38,470 was equal to twenty four now he had predicted that the 710 00:15:38,470 --> 00:15:38,480 predicted that the 711 00:15:38,480 --> 00:15:42,310 predicted that the impact energy of q would be 25 712 00:15:42,310 --> 00:15:42,320 impact energy of q would be 25 713 00:15:42,320 --> 00:15:45,189 impact energy of q would be 25 and the impact of q1 would be 25 and the 714 00:15:45,189 --> 00:15:45,199 and the impact of q1 would be 25 and the 715 00:15:45,199 --> 00:15:47,350 and the impact of q1 would be 25 and the impact of q2 716 00:15:47,350 --> 00:15:47,360 impact of q2 717 00:15:47,360 --> 00:15:50,870 impact of q2 would be 10. l was 15 so 718 00:15:50,870 --> 00:15:50,880 would be 10. l was 15 so 719 00:15:50,880 --> 00:15:53,829 would be 10. l was 15 so l is in line but if this is q2 it's 720 00:15:53,829 --> 00:15:53,839 l is in line but if this is q2 it's 721 00:15:53,839 --> 00:15:54,230 l is in line but if this is q2 it's really 722 00:15:54,230 --> 00:15:54,240 really 723 00:15:54,240 --> 00:15:58,310 really out of line but i was astounded when i 724 00:15:58,310 --> 00:15:58,320 out of line but i was astounded when i 725 00:15:58,320 --> 00:15:59,910 out of line but i was astounded when i saw the impact of a 726 00:15:59,910 --> 00:15:59,920 saw the impact of a 727 00:15:59,920 --> 00:16:02,389 saw the impact of a because i was waiting for g which was 728 00:16:02,389 --> 00:16:02,399 because i was waiting for g which was 729 00:16:02,399 --> 00:16:03,829 because i was waiting for g which was going to give me a reasonable 730 00:16:03,829 --> 00:16:03,839 going to give me a reasonable 731 00:16:03,839 --> 00:16:07,030 going to give me a reasonable impact so here we're finding out that 732 00:16:07,030 --> 00:16:07,040 impact so here we're finding out that 733 00:16:07,040 --> 00:16:09,509 impact so here we're finding out that the assumption he made is proving not to 734 00:16:09,509 --> 00:16:09,519 the assumption he made is proving not to 735 00:16:09,519 --> 00:16:10,230 the assumption he made is proving not to be true 736 00:16:10,230 --> 00:16:10,240 be true 737 00:16:10,240 --> 00:16:11,829 be true now it was the only one he could make at 738 00:16:11,829 --> 00:16:11,839 now it was the only one he could make at 739 00:16:11,839 --> 00:16:14,470 now it was the only one he could make at that time to get some sort of a handle 740 00:16:14,470 --> 00:16:14,480 that time to get some sort of a handle 741 00:16:14,480 --> 00:16:16,150 that time to get some sort of a handle on it we did a lot of our scheduling 742 00:16:16,150 --> 00:16:16,160 on it we did a lot of our scheduling 743 00:16:16,160 --> 00:16:17,269 on it we did a lot of our scheduling around it but 744 00:16:17,269 --> 00:16:17,279 around it but 745 00:16:17,279 --> 00:16:20,310 around it but at that time hal warned us that there 746 00:16:20,310 --> 00:16:20,320 at that time hal warned us that there 747 00:16:20,320 --> 00:16:21,509 at that time hal warned us that there might be a different 748 00:16:21,509 --> 00:16:21,519 might be a different 749 00:16:21,519 --> 00:16:24,710 might be a different problem involved here as well it turns 750 00:16:24,710 --> 00:16:24,720 problem involved here as well it turns 751 00:16:24,720 --> 00:16:26,230 problem involved here as well it turns out that a 752 00:16:26,230 --> 00:16:26,240 out that a 753 00:16:26,240 --> 00:16:29,269 out that a f and q 2 754 00:16:29,269 --> 00:16:29,279 f and q 2 755 00:16:29,279 --> 00:16:32,389 f and q 2 are not on the same line as all of the 756 00:16:32,389 --> 00:16:32,399 are not on the same line as all of the 757 00:16:32,399 --> 00:16:33,110 are not on the same line as all of the other 758 00:16:33,110 --> 00:16:33,120 other 759 00:16:33,120 --> 00:16:36,629 other comet hits so the result is that 760 00:16:36,629 --> 00:16:36,639 comet hits so the result is that 761 00:16:36,639 --> 00:16:41,910 comet hits so the result is that they have been ejected in the breakup 762 00:16:41,910 --> 00:16:41,920 763 00:16:41,920 --> 00:16:45,110 i'm sorry it's d f and q 764 00:16:45,110 --> 00:16:45,120 i'm sorry it's d f and q 765 00:16:45,120 --> 00:16:48,069 i'm sorry it's d f and q two they have been ejected in the 766 00:16:48,069 --> 00:16:48,079 two they have been ejected in the 767 00:16:48,079 --> 00:16:49,749 two they have been ejected in the breakup and howell warned us that they 768 00:16:49,749 --> 00:16:49,759 breakup and howell warned us that they 769 00:16:49,759 --> 00:16:50,949 breakup and howell warned us that they might 770 00:16:50,949 --> 00:16:50,959 might 771 00:16:50,959 --> 00:16:52,949 might not be like the others they might not be 772 00:16:52,949 --> 00:16:52,959 not be like the others they might not be 773 00:16:52,959 --> 00:16:55,030 not be like the others they might not be as consolidated they might be composed 774 00:16:55,030 --> 00:16:55,040 as consolidated they might be composed 775 00:16:55,040 --> 00:16:55,430 as consolidated they might be composed of 776 00:16:55,430 --> 00:16:55,440 of 777 00:16:55,440 --> 00:16:57,269 of a spray of particles that have been 778 00:16:57,269 --> 00:16:57,279 a spray of particles that have been 779 00:16:57,279 --> 00:16:59,430 a spray of particles that have been ejected and so far hal 780 00:16:59,430 --> 00:16:59,440 ejected and so far hal 781 00:16:59,440 --> 00:17:01,749 ejected and so far hal has got a smile on his face because all 782 00:17:01,749 --> 00:17:01,759 has got a smile on his face because all 783 00:17:01,759 --> 00:17:02,790 has got a smile on his face because all of the ones that were 784 00:17:02,790 --> 00:17:02,800 of the ones that were 785 00:17:02,800 --> 00:17:06,789 of the ones that were out of line are if this is q2 786 00:17:06,789 --> 00:17:06,799 out of line are if this is q2 787 00:17:06,799 --> 00:17:09,429 out of line are if this is q2 he's he's got a you know straight run 788 00:17:09,429 --> 00:17:09,439 he's he's got a you know straight run 789 00:17:09,439 --> 00:17:09,909 he's he's got a you know straight run here 790 00:17:09,909 --> 00:17:09,919 here 791 00:17:09,919 --> 00:17:12,949 here batting 400 on his small particles that 792 00:17:12,949 --> 00:17:12,959 batting 400 on his small particles that 793 00:17:12,959 --> 00:17:15,990 batting 400 on his small particles that are out of line 794 00:17:15,990 --> 00:17:16,000 795 00:17:16,000 --> 00:17:17,669 i'd say he's batting a thousand wouldn't 796 00:17:17,669 --> 00:17:17,679 i'd say he's batting a thousand wouldn't 797 00:17:17,679 --> 00:17:20,789 i'd say he's batting a thousand wouldn't you really 798 00:17:20,789 --> 00:17:20,799 799 00:17:20,799 --> 00:17:22,710 we haven't we haven't gotten them all 800 00:17:22,710 --> 00:17:22,720 we haven't we haven't gotten them all 801 00:17:22,720 --> 00:17:23,909 we haven't we haven't gotten them all yet 802 00:17:23,909 --> 00:17:23,919 yet 803 00:17:23,919 --> 00:17:26,230 yet but that really i just just to 804 00:17:26,230 --> 00:17:26,240 but that really i just just to 805 00:17:26,240 --> 00:17:28,230 but that really i just just to encapsulate what you said 806 00:17:28,230 --> 00:17:28,240 encapsulate what you said 807 00:17:28,240 --> 00:17:31,350 encapsulate what you said uh what that's really supporting is that 808 00:17:31,350 --> 00:17:31,360 uh what that's really supporting is that 809 00:17:31,360 --> 00:17:33,510 uh what that's really supporting is that the guys that are in line which seemed 810 00:17:33,510 --> 00:17:33,520 the guys that are in line which seemed 811 00:17:33,520 --> 00:17:35,669 the guys that are in line which seemed to be initial fragments from the breakup 812 00:17:35,669 --> 00:17:35,679 to be initial fragments from the breakup 813 00:17:35,679 --> 00:17:36,470 to be initial fragments from the breakup of the comet 814 00:17:36,470 --> 00:17:36,480 of the comet 815 00:17:36,480 --> 00:17:39,110 of the comet when it got closest to jupiter uh are 816 00:17:39,110 --> 00:17:39,120 when it got closest to jupiter uh are 817 00:17:39,120 --> 00:17:39,909 when it got closest to jupiter uh are more or less 818 00:17:39,909 --> 00:17:39,919 more or less 819 00:17:39,919 --> 00:17:43,029 more or less compact objects and are behaving like we 820 00:17:43,029 --> 00:17:43,039 compact objects and are behaving like we 821 00:17:43,039 --> 00:17:45,270 compact objects and are behaving like we would expect from the photometry 822 00:17:45,270 --> 00:17:45,280 would expect from the photometry 823 00:17:45,280 --> 00:17:48,230 would expect from the photometry whereas these guys that are off the line 824 00:17:48,230 --> 00:17:48,240 whereas these guys that are off the line 825 00:17:48,240 --> 00:17:50,070 whereas these guys that are off the line are more likely swarms 826 00:17:50,070 --> 00:17:50,080 are more likely swarms 827 00:17:50,080 --> 00:17:52,549 are more likely swarms and and so we get greatly fooled by the 828 00:17:52,549 --> 00:17:52,559 and and so we get greatly fooled by the 829 00:17:52,559 --> 00:17:53,830 and and so we get greatly fooled by the brightness then 830 00:17:53,830 --> 00:17:53,840 brightness then 831 00:17:53,840 --> 00:17:55,830 brightness then as to what's really there but this also 832 00:17:55,830 --> 00:17:55,840 as to what's really there but this also 833 00:17:55,840 --> 00:17:57,990 as to what's really there but this also means that we have two kinds of probes 834 00:17:57,990 --> 00:17:58,000 means that we have two kinds of probes 835 00:17:58,000 --> 00:18:01,350 means that we have two kinds of probes yep doesn't 836 00:18:01,350 --> 00:18:01,360 837 00:18:01,360 --> 00:18:04,390 that's great okay uh 838 00:18:04,390 --> 00:18:04,400 that's great okay uh 839 00:18:04,400 --> 00:18:08,630 that's great okay uh let's go on here now to uh to david levy 840 00:18:08,630 --> 00:18:08,640 let's go on here now to uh to david levy 841 00:18:08,640 --> 00:18:11,190 let's go on here now to uh to david levy uh for an update on what the amateurs 842 00:18:11,190 --> 00:18:11,200 uh for an update on what the amateurs 843 00:18:11,200 --> 00:18:12,310 uh for an update on what the amateurs are seeing 844 00:18:12,310 --> 00:18:12,320 are seeing 845 00:18:12,320 --> 00:18:15,430 are seeing yeah there's quite a bit to say um 846 00:18:15,430 --> 00:18:15,440 yeah there's quite a bit to say um 847 00:18:15,440 --> 00:18:18,789 yeah there's quite a bit to say um there is there are a lot of 848 00:18:18,789 --> 00:18:18,799 there is there are a lot of 849 00:18:18,799 --> 00:18:21,909 there is there are a lot of continuing reports of of 850 00:18:21,909 --> 00:18:21,919 continuing reports of of 851 00:18:21,919 --> 00:18:24,630 continuing reports of of very large dark spots visible at the 852 00:18:24,630 --> 00:18:24,640 very large dark spots visible at the 853 00:18:24,640 --> 00:18:26,630 very large dark spots visible at the impact sites particularly k 854 00:18:26,630 --> 00:18:26,640 impact sites particularly k 855 00:18:26,640 --> 00:18:30,070 impact sites particularly k l and g parading across the disc 856 00:18:30,070 --> 00:18:30,080 l and g parading across the disc 857 00:18:30,080 --> 00:18:32,230 l and g parading across the disc a report from england saying that they 858 00:18:32,230 --> 00:18:32,240 a report from england saying that they 859 00:18:32,240 --> 00:18:34,310 a report from england saying that they are more spectacular than ever 860 00:18:34,310 --> 00:18:34,320 are more spectacular than ever 861 00:18:34,320 --> 00:18:37,430 are more spectacular than ever very large and dark and reports from 862 00:18:37,430 --> 00:18:37,440 very large and dark and reports from 863 00:18:37,440 --> 00:18:39,270 very large and dark and reports from everywhere indicating that they are 864 00:18:39,270 --> 00:18:39,280 everywhere indicating that they are 865 00:18:39,280 --> 00:18:42,150 everywhere indicating that they are about as big as the great red spot uh 866 00:18:42,150 --> 00:18:42,160 about as big as the great red spot uh 867 00:18:42,160 --> 00:18:45,350 about as big as the great red spot uh they are as dense as a satellite shadow 868 00:18:45,350 --> 00:18:45,360 they are as dense as a satellite shadow 869 00:18:45,360 --> 00:18:47,350 they are as dense as a satellite shadow and for those of us who have looked who 870 00:18:47,350 --> 00:18:47,360 and for those of us who have looked who 871 00:18:47,360 --> 00:18:48,870 and for those of us who have looked who have a lot of have some experience 872 00:18:48,870 --> 00:18:48,880 have a lot of have some experience 873 00:18:48,880 --> 00:18:50,549 have a lot of have some experience looking at jupiter 874 00:18:50,549 --> 00:18:50,559 looking at jupiter 875 00:18:50,559 --> 00:18:54,150 looking at jupiter uh this as a satellite 876 00:18:54,150 --> 00:18:54,160 uh this as a satellite 877 00:18:54,160 --> 00:18:57,190 uh this as a satellite parades across jupiter's disk it 878 00:18:57,190 --> 00:18:57,200 parades across jupiter's disk it 879 00:18:57,200 --> 00:18:59,909 parades across jupiter's disk it uh it transits the disk and you can see 880 00:18:59,909 --> 00:18:59,919 uh it transits the disk and you can see 881 00:18:59,919 --> 00:19:01,669 uh it transits the disk and you can see a very dark shadow 882 00:19:01,669 --> 00:19:01,679 a very dark shadow 883 00:19:01,679 --> 00:19:05,110 a very dark shadow across jupiter and this takes 884 00:19:05,110 --> 00:19:05,120 across jupiter and this takes 885 00:19:05,120 --> 00:19:07,270 across jupiter and this takes a couple of hours as especially the uh 886 00:19:07,270 --> 00:19:07,280 a couple of hours as especially the uh 887 00:19:07,280 --> 00:19:08,950 a couple of hours as especially the uh the moon io 888 00:19:08,950 --> 00:19:08,960 the moon io 889 00:19:08,960 --> 00:19:12,310 the moon io transits and there these are benchmarks 890 00:19:12,310 --> 00:19:12,320 transits and there these are benchmarks 891 00:19:12,320 --> 00:19:14,230 transits and there these are benchmarks when when you see a satellite shadow it 892 00:19:14,230 --> 00:19:14,240 when when you see a satellite shadow it 893 00:19:14,240 --> 00:19:16,150 when when you see a satellite shadow it usually is the easiest thing to see 894 00:19:16,150 --> 00:19:16,160 usually is the easiest thing to see 895 00:19:16,160 --> 00:19:19,190 usually is the easiest thing to see on the planet and here we have dark 896 00:19:19,190 --> 00:19:19,200 on the planet and here we have dark 897 00:19:19,200 --> 00:19:21,190 on the planet and here we have dark spots that are not satellite shadows 898 00:19:21,190 --> 00:19:21,200 spots that are not satellite shadows 899 00:19:21,200 --> 00:19:22,310 spots that are not satellite shadows they are every bit 900 00:19:22,310 --> 00:19:22,320 they are every bit 901 00:19:22,320 --> 00:19:26,470 they are every bit as easy to see as the satellite shadows 902 00:19:26,470 --> 00:19:26,480 as easy to see as the satellite shadows 903 00:19:26,480 --> 00:19:28,789 as easy to see as the satellite shadows but they appear to be as large as the 904 00:19:28,789 --> 00:19:28,799 but they appear to be as large as the 905 00:19:28,799 --> 00:19:30,950 but they appear to be as large as the great red spot at least the large impact 906 00:19:30,950 --> 00:19:30,960 great red spot at least the large impact 907 00:19:30,960 --> 00:19:32,230 great red spot at least the large impact sites 908 00:19:32,230 --> 00:19:32,240 sites 909 00:19:32,240 --> 00:19:34,870 sites are as large as the great red spot this 910 00:19:34,870 --> 00:19:34,880 are as large as the great red spot this 911 00:19:34,880 --> 00:19:35,350 are as large as the great red spot this means 912 00:19:35,350 --> 00:19:35,360 means 913 00:19:35,360 --> 00:19:39,350 means that these are the most obvious features 914 00:19:39,350 --> 00:19:39,360 that these are the most obvious features 915 00:19:39,360 --> 00:19:41,909 that these are the most obvious features ever seen on the planet jupiter 916 00:19:41,909 --> 00:19:41,919 ever seen on the planet jupiter 917 00:19:41,919 --> 00:19:44,150 ever seen on the planet jupiter this also means that just about anybody 918 00:19:44,150 --> 00:19:44,160 this also means that just about anybody 919 00:19:44,160 --> 00:19:45,669 this also means that just about anybody can go out and look at these 920 00:19:45,669 --> 00:19:45,679 can go out and look at these 921 00:19:45,679 --> 00:19:49,029 can go out and look at these and as i mentioned yesterday i recommend 922 00:19:49,029 --> 00:19:49,039 and as i mentioned yesterday i recommend 923 00:19:49,039 --> 00:19:49,750 and as i mentioned yesterday i recommend that people 924 00:19:49,750 --> 00:19:49,760 that people 925 00:19:49,760 --> 00:19:51,830 that people in people that don't have a lot of 926 00:19:51,830 --> 00:19:51,840 in people that don't have a lot of 927 00:19:51,840 --> 00:19:53,909 in people that don't have a lot of experience looking at jupiter 928 00:19:53,909 --> 00:19:53,919 experience looking at jupiter 929 00:19:53,919 --> 00:19:55,430 experience looking at jupiter should still not pass up this 930 00:19:55,430 --> 00:19:55,440 should still not pass up this 931 00:19:55,440 --> 00:19:57,350 should still not pass up this opportunity to get acquainted with this 932 00:19:57,350 --> 00:19:57,360 opportunity to get acquainted with this 933 00:19:57,360 --> 00:19:58,549 opportunity to get acquainted with this beautiful planet 934 00:19:58,549 --> 00:19:58,559 beautiful planet 935 00:19:58,559 --> 00:20:00,390 beautiful planet uh go to your planetarium if they're 936 00:20:00,390 --> 00:20:00,400 uh go to your planetarium if they're 937 00:20:00,400 --> 00:20:02,470 uh go to your planetarium if they're having a star party or amateur astronomy 938 00:20:02,470 --> 00:20:02,480 having a star party or amateur astronomy 939 00:20:02,480 --> 00:20:03,270 having a star party or amateur astronomy club 940 00:20:03,270 --> 00:20:03,280 club 941 00:20:03,280 --> 00:20:06,070 club and get someone to show you this 942 00:20:06,070 --> 00:20:06,080 and get someone to show you this 943 00:20:06,080 --> 00:20:08,230 and get someone to show you this beautiful beautiful sight 944 00:20:08,230 --> 00:20:08,240 beautiful beautiful sight 945 00:20:08,240 --> 00:20:11,430 beautiful beautiful sight and if if i can stop 946 00:20:11,430 --> 00:20:11,440 and if if i can stop 947 00:20:11,440 --> 00:20:13,110 and if if i can stop going to these dinners and stuff that 948 00:20:13,110 --> 00:20:13,120 going to these dinners and stuff that 949 00:20:13,120 --> 00:20:14,870 going to these dinners and stuff that we're having i'd love to see this 950 00:20:14,870 --> 00:20:14,880 we're having i'd love to see this 951 00:20:14,880 --> 00:20:17,909 we're having i'd love to see this myself but whenever it clears up in 952 00:20:17,909 --> 00:20:17,919 myself but whenever it clears up in 953 00:20:17,919 --> 00:20:19,510 myself but whenever it clears up in washington i'm told that i have to eat 954 00:20:19,510 --> 00:20:19,520 washington i'm told that i have to eat 955 00:20:19,520 --> 00:20:20,470 washington i'm told that i have to eat something 956 00:20:20,470 --> 00:20:20,480 something 957 00:20:20,480 --> 00:20:22,149 something but wait until you get to tucson the 958 00:20:22,149 --> 00:20:22,159 but wait until you get to tucson the 959 00:20:22,159 --> 00:20:23,669 but wait until you get to tucson the weather the seeing is much better in 960 00:20:23,669 --> 00:20:23,679 weather the seeing is much better in 961 00:20:23,679 --> 00:20:27,029 weather the seeing is much better in tuesday i know i can't wait to do that 962 00:20:27,029 --> 00:20:27,039 tuesday i know i can't wait to do that 963 00:20:27,039 --> 00:20:29,270 tuesday i know i can't wait to do that there is there is some interesting news 964 00:20:29,270 --> 00:20:29,280 there is there is some interesting news 965 00:20:29,280 --> 00:20:30,149 there is there is some interesting news though 966 00:20:30,149 --> 00:20:30,159 though 967 00:20:30,159 --> 00:20:32,950 though for what's in the future tonight the 968 00:20:32,950 --> 00:20:32,960 for what's in the future tonight the 969 00:20:32,960 --> 00:20:35,270 for what's in the future tonight the final two fragments which is really is 970 00:20:35,270 --> 00:20:35,280 final two fragments which is really is 971 00:20:35,280 --> 00:20:36,950 final two fragments which is really is kind of sad to say but the final two 972 00:20:36,950 --> 00:20:36,960 kind of sad to say but the final two 973 00:20:36,960 --> 00:20:38,950 kind of sad to say but the final two fragments are going in 974 00:20:38,950 --> 00:20:38,960 fragments are going in 975 00:20:38,960 --> 00:20:43,110 fragments are going in and v and w uh v comes in around 12 15 976 00:20:43,110 --> 00:20:43,120 and v and w uh v comes in around 12 15 977 00:20:43,120 --> 00:20:44,149 and v and w uh v comes in around 12 15 or so 978 00:20:44,149 --> 00:20:44,159 or so 979 00:20:44,159 --> 00:20:47,270 or so eastern daylight time which means that 980 00:20:47,270 --> 00:20:47,280 eastern daylight time which means that 981 00:20:47,280 --> 00:20:51,110 eastern daylight time which means that for us uh v is jupiter is going to be 982 00:20:51,110 --> 00:20:51,120 for us uh v is jupiter is going to be 983 00:20:51,120 --> 00:20:52,789 for us uh v is jupiter is going to be set and we won't be able to see anything 984 00:20:52,789 --> 00:20:52,799 set and we won't be able to see anything 985 00:20:52,799 --> 00:20:55,270 set and we won't be able to see anything on the east coast of the united states 986 00:20:55,270 --> 00:20:55,280 on the east coast of the united states 987 00:20:55,280 --> 00:20:56,789 on the east coast of the united states for people on the west coast though 988 00:20:56,789 --> 00:20:56,799 for people on the west coast though 989 00:20:56,799 --> 00:20:58,870 for people on the west coast though jupiter will be just dandy just 990 00:20:58,870 --> 00:20:58,880 jupiter will be just dandy just 991 00:20:58,880 --> 00:21:02,070 jupiter will be just dandy just sitting there beautiful evening sky 992 00:21:02,070 --> 00:21:02,080 sitting there beautiful evening sky 993 00:21:02,080 --> 00:21:04,950 sitting there beautiful evening sky there is and and i want to caution that 994 00:21:04,950 --> 00:21:04,960 there is and and i want to caution that 995 00:21:04,960 --> 00:21:06,710 there is and and i want to caution that this is very unlikely 996 00:21:06,710 --> 00:21:06,720 this is very unlikely 997 00:21:06,720 --> 00:21:09,350 this is very unlikely but if there is any chance for visual 998 00:21:09,350 --> 00:21:09,360 but if there is any chance for visual 999 00:21:09,360 --> 00:21:10,789 but if there is any chance for visual observers experienced 1000 00:21:10,789 --> 00:21:10,799 observers experienced 1001 00:21:10,799 --> 00:21:14,070 observers experienced visual observers to see the in 1002 00:21:14,070 --> 00:21:14,080 visual observers to see the in 1003 00:21:14,080 --> 00:21:17,110 visual observers to see the in the flashes of the impacts either the 1004 00:21:17,110 --> 00:21:17,120 the flashes of the impacts either the 1005 00:21:17,120 --> 00:21:18,070 the flashes of the impacts either the incoming 1006 00:21:18,070 --> 00:21:18,080 incoming 1007 00:21:18,080 --> 00:21:21,590 incoming meteor as the uh as the fragment 1008 00:21:21,590 --> 00:21:21,600 meteor as the uh as the fragment 1009 00:21:21,600 --> 00:21:24,789 meteor as the uh as the fragment starts going in to the stratosphere or 1010 00:21:24,789 --> 00:21:24,799 starts going in to the stratosphere or 1011 00:21:24,799 --> 00:21:27,110 starts going in to the stratosphere or the explosive plume that we call the 1012 00:21:27,110 --> 00:21:27,120 the explosive plume that we call the 1013 00:21:27,120 --> 00:21:29,190 the explosive plume that we call the fireball that comes afterwards and lasts 1014 00:21:29,190 --> 00:21:29,200 fireball that comes afterwards and lasts 1015 00:21:29,200 --> 00:21:31,350 fireball that comes afterwards and lasts quite a bit longer 1016 00:21:31,350 --> 00:21:31,360 quite a bit longer 1017 00:21:31,360 --> 00:21:33,270 quite a bit longer the best chances come tonight with 1018 00:21:33,270 --> 00:21:33,280 the best chances come tonight with 1019 00:21:33,280 --> 00:21:34,549 the best chances come tonight with fragments v 1020 00:21:34,549 --> 00:21:34,559 fragments v 1021 00:21:34,559 --> 00:21:37,990 fragments v and much later w w will be easiest to 1022 00:21:37,990 --> 00:21:38,000 and much later w w will be easiest to 1023 00:21:38,000 --> 00:21:40,470 and much later w w will be easiest to see for observers in 1024 00:21:40,470 --> 00:21:40,480 see for observers in 1025 00:21:40,480 --> 00:21:43,270 see for observers in california jupiter will be low there but 1026 00:21:43,270 --> 00:21:43,280 california jupiter will be low there but 1027 00:21:43,280 --> 00:21:44,230 california jupiter will be low there but hawaii 1028 00:21:44,230 --> 00:21:44,240 hawaii 1029 00:21:44,240 --> 00:21:46,789 hawaii the south pacific and observers in 1030 00:21:46,789 --> 00:21:46,799 the south pacific and observers in 1031 00:21:46,799 --> 00:21:48,630 the south pacific and observers in australia and new zealand 1032 00:21:48,630 --> 00:21:48,640 australia and new zealand 1033 00:21:48,640 --> 00:21:50,789 australia and new zealand should have a good chance w is a pretty 1034 00:21:50,789 --> 00:21:50,799 should have a good chance w is a pretty 1035 00:21:50,799 --> 00:21:52,070 should have a good chance w is a pretty good fragment 1036 00:21:52,070 --> 00:21:52,080 good fragment 1037 00:21:52,080 --> 00:21:54,470 good fragment it's it's pretty fair size it's a nice 1038 00:21:54,470 --> 00:21:54,480 it's it's pretty fair size it's a nice 1039 00:21:54,480 --> 00:21:55,830 it's it's pretty fair size it's a nice one to end our 1040 00:21:55,830 --> 00:21:55,840 one to end our 1041 00:21:55,840 --> 00:21:59,350 one to end our end our party with and also 1042 00:21:59,350 --> 00:21:59,360 end our party with and also 1043 00:21:59,360 --> 00:22:02,310 end our party with and also is the one that is hitting closest i 1044 00:22:02,310 --> 00:22:02,320 is the one that is hitting closest i 1045 00:22:02,320 --> 00:22:02,870 is the one that is hitting closest i think 1046 00:22:02,870 --> 00:22:02,880 think 1047 00:22:02,880 --> 00:22:05,270 think to the limb of jupiter to the edge of 1048 00:22:05,270 --> 00:22:05,280 to the limb of jupiter to the edge of 1049 00:22:05,280 --> 00:22:06,390 to the limb of jupiter to the edge of jupiter 1050 00:22:06,390 --> 00:22:06,400 jupiter 1051 00:22:06,400 --> 00:22:09,430 jupiter so what's happening tonight is we can go 1052 00:22:09,430 --> 00:22:09,440 so what's happening tonight is we can go 1053 00:22:09,440 --> 00:22:11,029 so what's happening tonight is we can go out and look at the dark spots 1054 00:22:11,029 --> 00:22:11,039 out and look at the dark spots 1055 00:22:11,039 --> 00:22:13,270 out and look at the dark spots and also if we're in the right position 1056 00:22:13,270 --> 00:22:13,280 and also if we're in the right position 1057 00:22:13,280 --> 00:22:14,870 and also if we're in the right position to try to see 1058 00:22:14,870 --> 00:22:14,880 to try to see 1059 00:22:14,880 --> 00:22:17,350 to try to see if we can see any flashes indicating the 1060 00:22:17,350 --> 00:22:17,360 if we can see any flashes indicating the 1061 00:22:17,360 --> 00:22:20,070 if we can see any flashes indicating the final impacts 1062 00:22:20,070 --> 00:22:20,080 final impacts 1063 00:22:20,080 --> 00:22:24,390 final impacts thanks david lucy can you 1064 00:22:24,390 --> 00:22:24,400 thanks david lucy can you 1065 00:22:24,400 --> 00:22:26,630 thanks david lucy can you bring us up to date on the on the latest 1066 00:22:26,630 --> 00:22:26,640 bring us up to date on the on the latest 1067 00:22:26,640 --> 00:22:28,310 bring us up to date on the on the latest impacts fragment are impacted about 1068 00:22:28,310 --> 00:22:28,320 impacts fragment are impacted about 1069 00:22:28,320 --> 00:22:28,950 impacts fragment are impacted about several 1070 00:22:28,950 --> 00:22:28,960 several 1071 00:22:28,960 --> 00:22:31,350 several hours ago and what where are we standing 1072 00:22:31,350 --> 00:22:31,360 hours ago and what where are we standing 1073 00:22:31,360 --> 00:22:33,190 hours ago and what where are we standing sure i'll try to there's a lot going on 1074 00:22:33,190 --> 00:22:33,200 sure i'll try to there's a lot going on 1075 00:22:33,200 --> 00:22:34,870 sure i'll try to there's a lot going on so it's a challenge to keep up with 1076 00:22:34,870 --> 00:22:34,880 so it's a challenge to keep up with 1077 00:22:34,880 --> 00:22:36,070 so it's a challenge to keep up with what's happening 1078 00:22:36,070 --> 00:22:36,080 what's happening 1079 00:22:36,080 --> 00:22:38,870 what's happening uh fragment r impacted several hours ago 1080 00:22:38,870 --> 00:22:38,880 uh fragment r impacted several hours ago 1081 00:22:38,880 --> 00:22:40,070 uh fragment r impacted several hours ago and we have this report 1082 00:22:40,070 --> 00:22:40,080 and we have this report 1083 00:22:40,080 --> 00:22:41,990 and we have this report from david schleicher at the lowell 1084 00:22:41,990 --> 00:22:42,000 from david schleicher at the lowell 1085 00:22:42,000 --> 00:22:46,870 from david schleicher at the lowell observatory in flagstaff arizona 1086 00:22:46,870 --> 00:22:46,880 1087 00:22:46,880 --> 00:22:48,789 accompanying this i'll keep talking 1088 00:22:48,789 --> 00:22:48,799 accompanying this i'll keep talking 1089 00:22:48,799 --> 00:22:50,470 accompanying this i'll keep talking until we get the image up 1090 00:22:50,470 --> 00:22:50,480 until we get the image up 1091 00:22:50,480 --> 00:22:53,830 until we get the image up we have also confirmations from mcdonald 1092 00:22:53,830 --> 00:22:53,840 we have also confirmations from mcdonald 1093 00:22:53,840 --> 00:22:55,990 we have also confirmations from mcdonald observatory oh here let's listen to 1094 00:22:55,990 --> 00:22:56,000 observatory oh here let's listen to 1095 00:22:56,000 --> 00:22:57,270 observatory oh here let's listen to schleicher's report 1096 00:22:57,270 --> 00:22:57,280 schleicher's report 1097 00:22:57,280 --> 00:22:59,669 schleicher's report it appears that if we are detecting a 1098 00:22:59,669 --> 00:22:59,679 it appears that if we are detecting a 1099 00:22:59,679 --> 00:23:00,950 it appears that if we are detecting a plume from 1100 00:23:00,950 --> 00:23:00,960 plume from 1101 00:23:00,960 --> 00:23:04,870 plume from the impact of our this is using methane 1102 00:23:04,870 --> 00:23:04,880 the impact of our this is using methane 1103 00:23:04,880 --> 00:23:05,430 the impact of our this is using methane filter 1104 00:23:05,430 --> 00:23:05,440 filter 1105 00:23:05,440 --> 00:23:09,430 filter 8900 angstroms we're somewhat surprised 1106 00:23:09,430 --> 00:23:09,440 8900 angstroms we're somewhat surprised 1107 00:23:09,440 --> 00:23:09,909 8900 angstroms we're somewhat surprised that 1108 00:23:09,909 --> 00:23:09,919 that 1109 00:23:09,919 --> 00:23:11,430 that being able to see it at all because 1110 00:23:11,430 --> 00:23:11,440 being able to see it at all because 1111 00:23:11,440 --> 00:23:13,590 being able to see it at all because there have i don't recall 1112 00:23:13,590 --> 00:23:13,600 there have i don't recall 1113 00:23:13,600 --> 00:23:15,029 there have i don't recall there being that many detections of 1114 00:23:15,029 --> 00:23:15,039 there being that many detections of 1115 00:23:15,039 --> 00:23:18,310 there being that many detections of plumes in the visible 1116 00:23:18,310 --> 00:23:18,320 plumes in the visible 1117 00:23:18,320 --> 00:23:19,909 plumes in the visible most of them have been in the infrared 1118 00:23:19,909 --> 00:23:19,919 most of them have been in the infrared 1119 00:23:19,919 --> 00:23:22,789 most of them have been in the infrared so far it may mean that it was a bigger 1120 00:23:22,789 --> 00:23:22,799 so far it may mean that it was a bigger 1121 00:23:22,799 --> 00:23:24,070 so far it may mean that it was a bigger piece than 1122 00:23:24,070 --> 00:23:24,080 piece than 1123 00:23:24,080 --> 00:23:27,669 piece than some people have been anticipating 1124 00:23:27,669 --> 00:23:27,679 1125 00:23:27,679 --> 00:23:30,630 well um i think dave was uh suffering 1126 00:23:30,630 --> 00:23:30,640 well um i think dave was uh suffering 1127 00:23:30,640 --> 00:23:31,750 well um i think dave was uh suffering from a 1128 00:23:31,750 --> 00:23:31,760 from a 1129 00:23:31,760 --> 00:23:34,870 from a astronomer's fatigue um because other 1130 00:23:34,870 --> 00:23:34,880 astronomer's fatigue um because other 1131 00:23:34,880 --> 00:23:37,270 astronomer's fatigue um because other there have been a number of reports um 1132 00:23:37,270 --> 00:23:37,280 there have been a number of reports um 1133 00:23:37,280 --> 00:23:39,350 there have been a number of reports um mcdonald observatory was looking in in 1134 00:23:39,350 --> 00:23:39,360 mcdonald observatory was looking in in 1135 00:23:39,360 --> 00:23:40,630 mcdonald observatory was looking in in the same methane band 1136 00:23:40,630 --> 00:23:40,640 the same methane band 1137 00:23:40,640 --> 00:23:43,990 the same methane band and they did see a bright uh bright uh 1138 00:23:43,990 --> 00:23:44,000 and they did see a bright uh bright uh 1139 00:23:44,000 --> 00:23:46,710 and they did see a bright uh bright uh emission in that in that spectral region 1140 00:23:46,710 --> 00:23:46,720 emission in that in that spectral region 1141 00:23:46,720 --> 00:23:48,630 emission in that in that spectral region uh the keck observatory als 1142 00:23:48,630 --> 00:23:48,640 uh the keck observatory als 1143 00:23:48,640 --> 00:23:51,430 uh the keck observatory als also reported inca de peder from ucla 1144 00:23:51,430 --> 00:23:51,440 also reported inca de peder from ucla 1145 00:23:51,440 --> 00:23:52,390 also reported inca de peder from ucla and her team 1146 00:23:52,390 --> 00:23:52,400 and her team 1147 00:23:52,400 --> 00:23:55,029 and her team reported seeing a truly remarkable flash 1148 00:23:55,029 --> 00:23:55,039 reported seeing a truly remarkable flash 1149 00:23:55,039 --> 00:23:56,630 reported seeing a truly remarkable flash from the impact of r 1150 00:23:56,630 --> 00:23:56,640 from the impact of r 1151 00:23:56,640 --> 00:23:58,950 from the impact of r that lasted for about 20 seconds and 1152 00:23:58,950 --> 00:23:58,960 that lasted for about 20 seconds and 1153 00:23:58,960 --> 00:24:01,110 that lasted for about 20 seconds and then the plume the hot rising gases 1154 00:24:01,110 --> 00:24:01,120 then the plume the hot rising gases 1155 00:24:01,120 --> 00:24:02,789 then the plume the hot rising gases appeared eight minutes later over the 1156 00:24:02,789 --> 00:24:02,799 appeared eight minutes later over the 1157 00:24:02,799 --> 00:24:03,510 appeared eight minutes later over the limb 1158 00:24:03,510 --> 00:24:03,520 limb 1159 00:24:03,520 --> 00:24:05,830 limb and brightened and then faded over a 1160 00:24:05,830 --> 00:24:05,840 and brightened and then faded over a 1161 00:24:05,840 --> 00:24:08,230 and brightened and then faded over a period of about eight minutes 1162 00:24:08,230 --> 00:24:08,240 period of about eight minutes 1163 00:24:08,240 --> 00:24:10,789 period of about eight minutes now we have a report from the galileo 1164 00:24:10,789 --> 00:24:10,799 now we have a report from the galileo 1165 00:24:10,799 --> 00:24:11,830 now we have a report from the galileo spacecraft 1166 00:24:11,830 --> 00:24:11,840 spacecraft 1167 00:24:11,840 --> 00:24:14,710 spacecraft and as you recall this is really a 1168 00:24:14,710 --> 00:24:14,720 and as you recall this is really a 1169 00:24:14,720 --> 00:24:15,830 and as you recall this is really a significant 1170 00:24:15,830 --> 00:24:15,840 significant 1171 00:24:15,840 --> 00:24:18,230 significant significant return because galileo's 1172 00:24:18,230 --> 00:24:18,240 significant return because galileo's 1173 00:24:18,240 --> 00:24:20,070 significant return because galileo's looking directly down on the impact 1174 00:24:20,070 --> 00:24:20,080 looking directly down on the impact 1175 00:24:20,080 --> 00:24:22,789 looking directly down on the impact sites and they actually can see when the 1176 00:24:22,789 --> 00:24:22,799 sites and they actually can see when the 1177 00:24:22,799 --> 00:24:24,470 sites and they actually can see when the initial explosion 1178 00:24:24,470 --> 00:24:24,480 initial explosion 1179 00:24:24,480 --> 00:24:27,510 initial explosion occurs we have terry martin reporting 1180 00:24:27,510 --> 00:24:27,520 occurs we have terry martin reporting 1181 00:24:27,520 --> 00:24:29,350 occurs we have terry martin reporting today we were pleasantly surprised to 1182 00:24:29,350 --> 00:24:29,360 today we were pleasantly surprised to 1183 00:24:29,360 --> 00:24:30,830 today we were pleasantly surprised to pick up event 1184 00:24:30,830 --> 00:24:30,840 pick up event 1185 00:24:30,840 --> 00:24:34,310 pick up event l which was originally not expected to 1186 00:24:34,310 --> 00:24:34,320 l which was originally not expected to 1187 00:24:34,320 --> 00:24:35,830 l which was originally not expected to be captured because of the timing 1188 00:24:35,830 --> 00:24:35,840 be captured because of the timing 1189 00:24:35,840 --> 00:24:37,830 be captured because of the timing relative to the predictions of impact 1190 00:24:37,830 --> 00:24:37,840 relative to the predictions of impact 1191 00:24:37,840 --> 00:24:38,549 relative to the predictions of impact but 1192 00:24:38,549 --> 00:24:38,559 but 1193 00:24:38,559 --> 00:24:40,630 but the actual impact occurred later and we 1194 00:24:40,630 --> 00:24:40,640 the actual impact occurred later and we 1195 00:24:40,640 --> 00:24:41,669 the actual impact occurred later and we picked it up 1196 00:24:41,669 --> 00:24:41,679 picked it up 1197 00:24:41,679 --> 00:24:44,390 picked it up and this one is actually brighter than h 1198 00:24:44,390 --> 00:24:44,400 and this one is actually brighter than h 1199 00:24:44,400 --> 00:24:44,950 and this one is actually brighter than h by 1200 00:24:44,950 --> 00:24:44,960 by 1201 00:24:44,960 --> 00:24:48,630 by almost a factor of two it's more like uh 1202 00:24:48,630 --> 00:24:48,640 almost a factor of two it's more like uh 1203 00:24:48,640 --> 00:24:51,269 almost a factor of two it's more like uh five to six percent the brightness of 1204 00:24:51,269 --> 00:24:51,279 five to six percent the brightness of 1205 00:24:51,279 --> 00:24:52,070 five to six percent the brightness of jupiter 1206 00:24:52,070 --> 00:24:52,080 jupiter 1207 00:24:52,080 --> 00:24:54,310 jupiter and it takes 35 seconds or so for the 1208 00:24:54,310 --> 00:24:54,320 and it takes 35 seconds or so for the 1209 00:24:54,320 --> 00:24:56,549 and it takes 35 seconds or so for the light to die back down again 1210 00:24:56,549 --> 00:24:56,559 light to die back down again 1211 00:24:56,559 --> 00:24:58,710 light to die back down again so we see we think that we are seeing 1212 00:24:58,710 --> 00:24:58,720 so we see we think that we are seeing 1213 00:24:58,720 --> 00:24:59,590 so we see we think that we are seeing the 1214 00:24:59,590 --> 00:24:59,600 the 1215 00:24:59,600 --> 00:25:03,190 the actual meteor flash the transition of 1216 00:25:03,190 --> 00:25:03,200 actual meteor flash the transition of 1217 00:25:03,200 --> 00:25:03,590 actual meteor flash the transition of the 1218 00:25:03,590 --> 00:25:03,600 the 1219 00:25:03,600 --> 00:25:05,909 the fragment through the atmosphere and the 1220 00:25:05,909 --> 00:25:05,919 fragment through the atmosphere and the 1221 00:25:05,919 --> 00:25:07,830 fragment through the atmosphere and the very hot 1222 00:25:07,830 --> 00:25:07,840 very hot 1223 00:25:07,840 --> 00:25:11,350 very hot emission from that but over a very small 1224 00:25:11,350 --> 00:25:11,360 emission from that but over a very small 1225 00:25:11,360 --> 00:25:14,710 emission from that but over a very small streak of light across jupiter 1226 00:25:14,710 --> 00:25:14,720 streak of light across jupiter 1227 00:25:14,720 --> 00:25:16,630 streak of light across jupiter and this is a short duration and 1228 00:25:16,630 --> 00:25:16,640 and this is a short duration and 1229 00:25:16,640 --> 00:25:17,830 and this is a short duration and precedes 1230 00:25:17,830 --> 00:25:17,840 precedes 1231 00:25:17,840 --> 00:25:20,070 precedes the the plumes and the fireballs that 1232 00:25:20,070 --> 00:25:20,080 the the plumes and the fireballs that 1233 00:25:20,080 --> 00:25:20,870 the the plumes and the fireballs that are being seen 1234 00:25:20,870 --> 00:25:20,880 are being seen 1235 00:25:20,880 --> 00:25:24,470 are being seen from other observatories 1236 00:25:24,470 --> 00:25:24,480 1237 00:25:24,480 --> 00:25:25,990 let's hold that up if we can can we 1238 00:25:25,990 --> 00:25:26,000 let's hold that up if we can can we 1239 00:25:26,000 --> 00:25:27,110 let's hold that up if we can can we bring that back because i need to 1240 00:25:27,110 --> 00:25:27,120 bring that back because i need to 1241 00:25:27,120 --> 00:25:29,029 bring that back because i need to address the inset in there 1242 00:25:29,029 --> 00:25:29,039 address the inset in there 1243 00:25:29,039 --> 00:25:31,029 address the inset in there if possible what you are seeing is a 1244 00:25:31,029 --> 00:25:31,039 if possible what you are seeing is a 1245 00:25:31,039 --> 00:25:32,549 if possible what you are seeing is a tracing 1246 00:25:32,549 --> 00:25:32,559 tracing 1247 00:25:32,559 --> 00:25:35,269 tracing of intensity as a function of time and 1248 00:25:35,269 --> 00:25:35,279 of intensity as a function of time and 1249 00:25:35,279 --> 00:25:37,190 of intensity as a function of time and if you can recall the inset and we'll 1250 00:25:37,190 --> 00:25:37,200 if you can recall the inset and we'll 1251 00:25:37,200 --> 00:25:39,669 if you can recall the inset and we'll review it again later 1252 00:25:39,669 --> 00:25:39,679 review it again later 1253 00:25:39,679 --> 00:25:42,870 review it again later time goes proceeds along the bottom axis 1254 00:25:42,870 --> 00:25:42,880 time goes proceeds along the bottom axis 1255 00:25:42,880 --> 00:25:45,909 time goes proceeds along the bottom axis the horizontal axis and the flash is 1256 00:25:45,909 --> 00:25:45,919 the horizontal axis and the flash is 1257 00:25:45,919 --> 00:25:47,110 the horizontal axis and the flash is represented by a 1258 00:25:47,110 --> 00:25:47,120 represented by a 1259 00:25:47,120 --> 00:25:49,269 represented by a drastic a quick increase in intensity 1260 00:25:49,269 --> 00:25:49,279 drastic a quick increase in intensity 1261 00:25:49,279 --> 00:25:50,549 drastic a quick increase in intensity and then it decays 1262 00:25:50,549 --> 00:25:50,559 and then it decays 1263 00:25:50,559 --> 00:25:54,070 and then it decays as time goes on um then 1264 00:25:54,070 --> 00:25:54,080 as time goes on um then 1265 00:25:54,080 --> 00:25:55,669 as time goes on um then let's see we're sort of working 1266 00:25:55,669 --> 00:25:55,679 let's see we're sort of working 1267 00:25:55,679 --> 00:25:57,909 let's see we're sort of working backwards in the alphabet of impacts now 1268 00:25:57,909 --> 00:25:57,919 backwards in the alphabet of impacts now 1269 00:25:57,919 --> 00:26:00,310 backwards in the alphabet of impacts now um report with some reports that are 1270 00:26:00,310 --> 00:26:00,320 um report with some reports that are 1271 00:26:00,320 --> 00:26:01,909 um report with some reports that are coming in we have the european southern 1272 00:26:01,909 --> 00:26:01,919 coming in we have the european southern 1273 00:26:01,919 --> 00:26:02,870 coming in we have the european southern observatory 1274 00:26:02,870 --> 00:26:02,880 observatory 1275 00:26:02,880 --> 00:26:05,830 observatory um showing the k-impact fireball um and 1276 00:26:05,830 --> 00:26:05,840 um showing the k-impact fireball um and 1277 00:26:05,840 --> 00:26:07,350 um showing the k-impact fireball um and showing the plume and i think we'll just 1278 00:26:07,350 --> 00:26:07,360 showing the plume and i think we'll just 1279 00:26:07,360 --> 00:26:10,310 showing the plume and i think we'll just put that up briefly 1280 00:26:10,310 --> 00:26:10,320 put that up briefly 1281 00:26:10,320 --> 00:26:13,830 put that up briefly um okay yes we'll 1282 00:26:13,830 --> 00:26:13,840 um okay yes we'll 1283 00:26:13,840 --> 00:26:15,830 um okay yes we'll here we have the residual from the g 1284 00:26:15,830 --> 00:26:15,840 here we have the residual from the g 1285 00:26:15,840 --> 00:26:17,110 here we have the residual from the g impact and 1286 00:26:17,110 --> 00:26:17,120 impact and 1287 00:26:17,120 --> 00:26:19,669 impact and the quite prominent h impact now many 1288 00:26:19,669 --> 00:26:19,679 the quite prominent h impact now many 1289 00:26:19,679 --> 00:26:20,390 the quite prominent h impact now many most 1290 00:26:20,390 --> 00:26:20,400 most 1291 00:26:20,400 --> 00:26:22,470 most i i would say all observatories are 1292 00:26:22,470 --> 00:26:22,480 i i would say all observatories are 1293 00:26:22,480 --> 00:26:24,310 i i would say all observatories are reporting um that there's 1294 00:26:24,310 --> 00:26:24,320 reporting um that there's 1295 00:26:24,320 --> 00:26:26,789 reporting um that there's detectors that they're over exposing 1296 00:26:26,789 --> 00:26:26,799 detectors that they're over exposing 1297 00:26:26,799 --> 00:26:28,950 detectors that they're over exposing their images 1298 00:26:28,950 --> 00:26:28,960 their images 1299 00:26:28,960 --> 00:26:30,950 their images even when the first reports came in and 1300 00:26:30,950 --> 00:26:30,960 even when the first reports came in and 1301 00:26:30,960 --> 00:26:33,110 even when the first reports came in and reported over exposing or saturation of 1302 00:26:33,110 --> 00:26:33,120 reported over exposing or saturation of 1303 00:26:33,120 --> 00:26:33,669 reported over exposing or saturation of their ima 1304 00:26:33,669 --> 00:26:33,679 their ima 1305 00:26:33,679 --> 00:26:35,750 their ima of their detectors i'm sure everybody 1306 00:26:35,750 --> 00:26:35,760 of their detectors i'm sure everybody 1307 00:26:35,760 --> 00:26:37,669 of their detectors i'm sure everybody reduced their exposure times yet they're 1308 00:26:37,669 --> 00:26:37,679 reduced their exposure times yet they're 1309 00:26:37,679 --> 00:26:40,950 reduced their exposure times yet they're continuing to be over exposed so 1310 00:26:40,950 --> 00:26:40,960 continuing to be over exposed so 1311 00:26:40,960 --> 00:26:42,710 continuing to be over exposed so again we're we just continue to be 1312 00:26:42,710 --> 00:26:42,720 again we're we just continue to be 1313 00:26:42,720 --> 00:26:44,070 again we're we just continue to be surprised at how bright these 1314 00:26:44,070 --> 00:26:44,080 surprised at how bright these 1315 00:26:44,080 --> 00:26:47,350 surprised at how bright these these impacts are um we have a movie 1316 00:26:47,350 --> 00:26:47,360 these impacts are um we have a movie 1317 00:26:47,360 --> 00:26:47,830 these impacts are um we have a movie from 1318 00:26:47,830 --> 00:26:47,840 from 1319 00:26:47,840 --> 00:26:50,950 from from the sac peak observatory which is a 1320 00:26:50,950 --> 00:26:50,960 from the sac peak observatory which is a 1321 00:26:50,960 --> 00:26:55,110 from the sac peak observatory which is a solar observatory in new mexico 1322 00:26:55,110 --> 00:26:55,120 1323 00:26:55,120 --> 00:26:57,590 and we will run that i haven't seen this 1324 00:26:57,590 --> 00:26:57,600 and we will run that i haven't seen this 1325 00:26:57,600 --> 00:26:58,870 and we will run that i haven't seen this this is of the g 1326 00:26:58,870 --> 00:26:58,880 this is of the g 1327 00:26:58,880 --> 00:27:02,230 this is of the g fragment impact and it's a time 1328 00:27:02,230 --> 00:27:02,240 fragment impact and it's a time 1329 00:27:02,240 --> 00:27:05,269 fragment impact and it's a time time series 1330 00:27:05,269 --> 00:27:05,279 1331 00:27:05,279 --> 00:27:08,310 i'm sorry sacramento peak i i used the 1332 00:27:08,310 --> 00:27:08,320 i'm sorry sacramento peak i i used the 1333 00:27:08,320 --> 00:27:10,070 i'm sorry sacramento peak i i used the abbreviation it's the national solar 1334 00:27:10,070 --> 00:27:10,080 abbreviation it's the national solar 1335 00:27:10,080 --> 00:27:12,710 abbreviation it's the national solar observatory 1336 00:27:12,710 --> 00:27:12,720 observatory 1337 00:27:12,720 --> 00:27:18,549 observatory so we can see jupiter rotating with time 1338 00:27:18,549 --> 00:27:18,559 1339 00:27:18,559 --> 00:27:21,190 and the these data will be analyzed in 1340 00:27:21,190 --> 00:27:21,200 and the these data will be analyzed in 1341 00:27:21,200 --> 00:27:23,110 and the these data will be analyzed in terms of changes in the brightness and 1342 00:27:23,110 --> 00:27:23,120 terms of changes in the brightness and 1343 00:27:23,120 --> 00:27:26,310 terms of changes in the brightness and and any spatial variation which can be 1344 00:27:26,310 --> 00:27:26,320 and any spatial variation which can be 1345 00:27:26,320 --> 00:27:27,990 and any spatial variation which can be determined and we will of course 1346 00:27:27,990 --> 00:27:28,000 determined and we will of course 1347 00:27:28,000 --> 00:27:30,230 determined and we will of course correlate these results in the infrared 1348 00:27:30,230 --> 00:27:30,240 correlate these results in the infrared 1349 00:27:30,240 --> 00:27:31,590 correlate these results in the infrared with the um 1350 00:27:31,590 --> 00:27:31,600 with the um 1351 00:27:31,600 --> 00:27:35,029 with the um visible and ultraviolet images that are 1352 00:27:35,029 --> 00:27:35,039 visible and ultraviolet images that are 1353 00:27:35,039 --> 00:27:36,389 visible and ultraviolet images that are acquired from the other ground-based 1354 00:27:36,389 --> 00:27:36,399 acquired from the other ground-based 1355 00:27:36,399 --> 00:27:37,909 acquired from the other ground-based observatories and the hubble space 1356 00:27:37,909 --> 00:27:37,919 observatories and the hubble space 1357 00:27:37,919 --> 00:27:39,110 observatories and the hubble space telescope 1358 00:27:39,110 --> 00:27:39,120 telescope 1359 00:27:39,120 --> 00:27:41,190 telescope now we have our first report from 1360 00:27:41,190 --> 00:27:41,200 now we have our first report from 1361 00:27:41,200 --> 00:27:42,389 now we have our first report from another 1362 00:27:42,389 --> 00:27:42,399 another 1363 00:27:42,399 --> 00:27:44,389 another earth orbiting satellite the extreme 1364 00:27:44,389 --> 00:27:44,399 earth orbiting satellite the extreme 1365 00:27:44,399 --> 00:27:47,990 earth orbiting satellite the extreme ultraviolet explorer 1366 00:27:47,990 --> 00:27:48,000 ultraviolet explorer 1367 00:27:48,000 --> 00:27:53,190 ultraviolet explorer and we have we have a video of that 1368 00:27:53,190 --> 00:27:53,200 1369 00:27:53,200 --> 00:27:55,750 and a voice in oh no voice report first 1370 00:27:55,750 --> 00:27:55,760 and a voice in oh no voice report first 1371 00:27:55,760 --> 00:27:56,950 and a voice in oh no voice report first has not really 1372 00:27:56,950 --> 00:27:56,960 has not really 1373 00:27:56,960 --> 00:27:59,590 has not really uh changed that much yet which may or 1374 00:27:59,590 --> 00:27:59,600 uh changed that much yet which may or 1375 00:27:59,600 --> 00:28:01,669 uh changed that much yet which may or may not be a surprise since 1376 00:28:01,669 --> 00:28:01,679 may not be a surprise since 1377 00:28:01,679 --> 00:28:03,269 may not be a surprise since it'll take a little while for this stuff 1378 00:28:03,269 --> 00:28:03,279 it'll take a little while for this stuff 1379 00:28:03,279 --> 00:28:04,950 it'll take a little while for this stuff to reach the taurus 1380 00:28:04,950 --> 00:28:04,960 to reach the taurus 1381 00:28:04,960 --> 00:28:08,310 to reach the taurus but one thing we have seen is that the 1382 00:28:08,310 --> 00:28:08,320 but one thing we have seen is that the 1383 00:28:08,320 --> 00:28:11,430 but one thing we have seen is that the if we look at jupiter alone in the 1384 00:28:11,430 --> 00:28:11,440 if we look at jupiter alone in the 1385 00:28:11,440 --> 00:28:13,430 if we look at jupiter alone in the extreme ultraviolet we actually see 1386 00:28:13,430 --> 00:28:13,440 extreme ultraviolet we actually see 1387 00:28:13,440 --> 00:28:16,630 extreme ultraviolet we actually see signs of helium emission during the 1388 00:28:16,630 --> 00:28:16,640 signs of helium emission during the 1389 00:28:16,640 --> 00:28:17,269 signs of helium emission during the impacts 1390 00:28:17,269 --> 00:28:17,279 impacts 1391 00:28:17,279 --> 00:28:19,990 impacts that we don't see before the plumes did 1392 00:28:19,990 --> 00:28:20,000 that we don't see before the plumes did 1393 00:28:20,000 --> 00:28:21,269 that we don't see before the plumes did go up fairly high 1394 00:28:21,269 --> 00:28:21,279 go up fairly high 1395 00:28:21,279 --> 00:28:25,110 go up fairly high because we have to have thrown helium 1396 00:28:25,110 --> 00:28:25,120 because we have to have thrown helium 1397 00:28:25,120 --> 00:28:26,710 because we have to have thrown helium far up in the atmosphere to be able to 1398 00:28:26,710 --> 00:28:26,720 far up in the atmosphere to be able to 1399 00:28:26,720 --> 00:28:29,350 far up in the atmosphere to be able to see this several hundred kilometers 1400 00:28:29,350 --> 00:28:29,360 see this several hundred kilometers 1401 00:28:29,360 --> 00:28:33,669 see this several hundred kilometers in order to see see this emission 1402 00:28:33,669 --> 00:28:33,679 in order to see see this emission 1403 00:28:33,679 --> 00:28:35,590 in order to see see this emission through all the hydrogen that absorbs 1404 00:28:35,590 --> 00:28:35,600 through all the hydrogen that absorbs 1405 00:28:35,600 --> 00:28:39,110 through all the hydrogen that absorbs the at these wavelengths 1406 00:28:39,110 --> 00:28:39,120 1407 00:28:39,120 --> 00:28:41,990 okay we're showing there um first of all 1408 00:28:41,990 --> 00:28:42,000 okay we're showing there um first of all 1409 00:28:42,000 --> 00:28:43,990 okay we're showing there um first of all two things one was a bright emission 1410 00:28:43,990 --> 00:28:44,000 two things one was a bright emission 1411 00:28:44,000 --> 00:28:46,389 two things one was a bright emission band from from helium seen in jupiter's 1412 00:28:46,389 --> 00:28:46,399 band from from helium seen in jupiter's 1413 00:28:46,399 --> 00:28:47,510 band from from helium seen in jupiter's atmosphere 1414 00:28:47,510 --> 00:28:47,520 atmosphere 1415 00:28:47,520 --> 00:28:49,029 atmosphere and then they're also reporting about 1416 00:28:49,029 --> 00:28:49,039 and then they're also reporting about 1417 00:28:49,039 --> 00:28:52,149 and then they're also reporting about the uh the taurus around io the moon of 1418 00:28:52,149 --> 00:28:52,159 the uh the taurus around io the moon of 1419 00:28:52,159 --> 00:28:54,389 the uh the taurus around io the moon of of jupiter which has which is a ring of 1420 00:28:54,389 --> 00:28:54,399 of jupiter which has which is a ring of 1421 00:28:54,399 --> 00:28:55,830 of jupiter which has which is a ring of charged particles and they're reporting 1422 00:28:55,830 --> 00:28:55,840 charged particles and they're reporting 1423 00:28:55,840 --> 00:28:58,070 charged particles and they're reporting that they have not seen any changes in 1424 00:28:58,070 --> 00:28:58,080 that they have not seen any changes in 1425 00:28:58,080 --> 00:28:58,630 that they have not seen any changes in the 1426 00:28:58,630 --> 00:28:58,640 the 1427 00:28:58,640 --> 00:29:00,710 the density of of charged particles around 1428 00:29:00,710 --> 00:29:00,720 density of of charged particles around 1429 00:29:00,720 --> 00:29:02,950 density of of charged particles around io so that's a preliminary negative 1430 00:29:02,950 --> 00:29:02,960 io so that's a preliminary negative 1431 00:29:02,960 --> 00:29:04,310 io so that's a preliminary negative result 1432 00:29:04,310 --> 00:29:04,320 result 1433 00:29:04,320 --> 00:29:06,389 result and finally we have images from 1434 00:29:06,389 --> 00:29:06,399 and finally we have images from 1435 00:29:06,399 --> 00:29:08,630 and finally we have images from australia from the siding spring 1436 00:29:08,630 --> 00:29:08,640 australia from the siding spring 1437 00:29:08,640 --> 00:29:15,029 australia from the siding spring observatory showing the c and g impacts 1438 00:29:15,029 --> 00:29:15,039 1439 00:29:15,039 --> 00:29:19,750 when it says speak from my notes 1440 00:29:19,750 --> 00:29:19,760 1441 00:29:19,760 --> 00:29:23,029 well 1442 00:29:23,029 --> 00:29:23,039 1443 00:29:23,039 --> 00:29:25,590 i'm not prepared to speak to this but 1444 00:29:25,590 --> 00:29:25,600 i'm not prepared to speak to this but 1445 00:29:25,600 --> 00:29:26,630 i'm not prepared to speak to this but these are 1446 00:29:26,630 --> 00:29:26,640 these are 1447 00:29:26,640 --> 00:29:28,470 these are nice images and i haven't i haven't done 1448 00:29:28,470 --> 00:29:28,480 nice images and i haven't i haven't done 1449 00:29:28,480 --> 00:29:29,669 nice images and i haven't i haven't done my homework 1450 00:29:29,669 --> 00:29:29,679 my homework 1451 00:29:29,679 --> 00:29:31,510 my homework so i'm sorry australia but these are the 1452 00:29:31,510 --> 00:29:31,520 so i'm sorry australia but these are the 1453 00:29:31,520 --> 00:29:34,470 so i'm sorry australia but these are the c and g impacts 1454 00:29:34,470 --> 00:29:34,480 c and g impacts 1455 00:29:34,480 --> 00:29:37,510 c and g impacts at different wavelengths which my guess 1456 00:29:37,510 --> 00:29:37,520 at different wavelengths which my guess 1457 00:29:37,520 --> 00:29:41,029 at different wavelengths which my guess is which is looking at different 1458 00:29:41,029 --> 00:29:41,039 is which is looking at different 1459 00:29:41,039 --> 00:29:43,510 is which is looking at different uh levels into the atmosphere the first 1460 00:29:43,510 --> 00:29:43,520 uh levels into the atmosphere the first 1461 00:29:43,520 --> 00:29:45,190 uh levels into the atmosphere the first one looked like a methane band image 1462 00:29:45,190 --> 00:29:45,200 one looked like a methane band image 1463 00:29:45,200 --> 00:29:47,350 one looked like a methane band image don't you think lucy yeah we've got 1464 00:29:47,350 --> 00:29:47,360 don't you think lucy yeah we've got 1465 00:29:47,360 --> 00:29:52,630 don't you think lucy yeah we've got three wavelengths 1466 00:29:52,630 --> 00:29:52,640 1467 00:29:52,640 --> 00:29:54,630 and i'm sorry we're just gonna have to 1468 00:29:54,630 --> 00:29:54,640 and i'm sorry we're just gonna have to 1469 00:29:54,640 --> 00:29:57,830 and i'm sorry we're just gonna have to pass on that one 1470 00:29:57,830 --> 00:29:57,840 1471 00:29:57,840 --> 00:30:00,389 okay uh maybe this is the time for us to 1472 00:30:00,389 --> 00:30:00,399 okay uh maybe this is the time for us to 1473 00:30:00,399 --> 00:30:01,830 okay uh maybe this is the time for us to turn it back over to you don 1474 00:30:01,830 --> 00:30:01,840 turn it back over to you don 1475 00:30:01,840 --> 00:30:03,909 turn it back over to you don okay we'll have a question to answer but 1476 00:30:03,909 --> 00:30:03,919 okay we'll have a question to answer but 1477 00:30:03,919 --> 00:30:05,510 okay we'll have a question to answer but first i want uh to make 1478 00:30:05,510 --> 00:30:05,520 first i want uh to make 1479 00:30:05,520 --> 00:30:07,590 first i want uh to make an important uh announcement on our 1480 00:30:07,590 --> 00:30:07,600 an important uh announcement on our 1481 00:30:07,600 --> 00:30:09,830 an important uh announcement on our schedule for tomorrow that's a friday 1482 00:30:09,830 --> 00:30:09,840 schedule for tomorrow that's a friday 1483 00:30:09,840 --> 00:30:10,789 schedule for tomorrow that's a friday briefing 1484 00:30:10,789 --> 00:30:10,799 briefing 1485 00:30:10,799 --> 00:30:14,149 briefing has been changed to 2 p.m eastern time 1486 00:30:14,149 --> 00:30:14,159 has been changed to 2 p.m eastern time 1487 00:30:14,159 --> 00:30:15,750 has been changed to 2 p.m eastern time we will not have an 8 o'clock in the 1488 00:30:15,750 --> 00:30:15,760 we will not have an 8 o'clock in the 1489 00:30:15,760 --> 00:30:17,750 we will not have an 8 o'clock in the morning briefing this is to 1490 00:30:17,750 --> 00:30:17,760 morning briefing this is to 1491 00:30:17,760 --> 00:30:19,990 morning briefing this is to to give the science team a time to 1492 00:30:19,990 --> 00:30:20,000 to give the science team a time to 1493 00:30:20,000 --> 00:30:21,110 to give the science team a time to prepare 1494 00:30:21,110 --> 00:30:21,120 prepare 1495 00:30:21,120 --> 00:30:22,710 prepare the information and images on the 1496 00:30:22,710 --> 00:30:22,720 the information and images on the 1497 00:30:22,720 --> 00:30:24,630 the information and images on the one-two punch of q r 1498 00:30:24,630 --> 00:30:24,640 one-two punch of q r 1499 00:30:24,640 --> 00:30:27,510 one-two punch of q r so we'll have that tomorrow at two and 1500 00:30:27,510 --> 00:30:27,520 so we'll have that tomorrow at two and 1501 00:30:27,520 --> 00:30:29,990 so we'll have that tomorrow at two and uh and then as a preview for saturday 1502 00:30:29,990 --> 00:30:30,000 uh and then as a preview for saturday 1503 00:30:30,000 --> 00:30:32,149 uh and then as a preview for saturday we're going to also change the time to 1504 00:30:32,149 --> 00:30:32,159 we're going to also change the time to 1505 00:30:32,159 --> 00:30:33,430 we're going to also change the time to 11 o'clock 1506 00:30:33,430 --> 00:30:33,440 11 o'clock 1507 00:30:33,440 --> 00:30:35,750 11 o'clock am eastern time and on that one we 1508 00:30:35,750 --> 00:30:35,760 am eastern time and on that one we 1509 00:30:35,760 --> 00:30:36,630 am eastern time and on that one we expect to 1510 00:30:36,630 --> 00:30:36,640 expect to 1511 00:30:36,640 --> 00:30:38,950 expect to have evidence for sonic boom on jupiter 1512 00:30:38,950 --> 00:30:38,960 have evidence for sonic boom on jupiter 1513 00:30:38,960 --> 00:30:41,110 have evidence for sonic boom on jupiter observed and we'll 1514 00:30:41,110 --> 00:30:41,120 observed and we'll 1515 00:30:41,120 --> 00:30:42,870 observed and we'll also look at what is expected to be a 1516 00:30:42,870 --> 00:30:42,880 also look at what is expected to be a 1517 00:30:42,880 --> 00:30:45,830 also look at what is expected to be a dramatic plume from fragment w's impact 1518 00:30:45,830 --> 00:30:45,840 dramatic plume from fragment w's impact 1519 00:30:45,840 --> 00:30:47,669 dramatic plume from fragment w's impact and look at changes we're already seeing 1520 00:30:47,669 --> 00:30:47,679 and look at changes we're already seeing 1521 00:30:47,679 --> 00:30:49,110 and look at changes we're already seeing on the impact sites 1522 00:30:49,110 --> 00:30:49,120 on the impact sites 1523 00:30:49,120 --> 00:30:52,310 on the impact sites i'd like to open it up q a from goddard 1524 00:30:52,310 --> 00:30:52,320 i'd like to open it up q a from goddard 1525 00:30:52,320 --> 00:30:53,350 i'd like to open it up q a from goddard first 1526 00:30:53,350 --> 00:30:53,360 first 1527 00:30:53,360 --> 00:30:55,269 first please wait for the microphone state 1528 00:30:55,269 --> 00:30:55,279 please wait for the microphone state 1529 00:30:55,279 --> 00:30:57,830 please wait for the microphone state your name and affiliation please 1530 00:30:57,830 --> 00:30:57,840 your name and affiliation please 1531 00:30:57,840 --> 00:31:00,710 your name and affiliation please uh paul hoverstein usa today a question 1532 00:31:00,710 --> 00:31:00,720 uh paul hoverstein usa today a question 1533 00:31:00,720 --> 00:31:01,350 uh paul hoverstein usa today a question i guess for 1534 00:31:01,350 --> 00:31:01,360 i guess for 1535 00:31:01,360 --> 00:31:05,110 i guess for gene and david uh weeks ago 1536 00:31:05,110 --> 00:31:05,120 gene and david uh weeks ago 1537 00:31:05,120 --> 00:31:08,230 gene and david uh weeks ago uh there was so much emphasis put on uh 1538 00:31:08,230 --> 00:31:08,240 uh there was so much emphasis put on uh 1539 00:31:08,240 --> 00:31:11,190 uh there was so much emphasis put on uh we may see nothing uh let's be cautious 1540 00:31:11,190 --> 00:31:11,200 we may see nothing uh let's be cautious 1541 00:31:11,200 --> 00:31:12,470 we may see nothing uh let's be cautious and so on 1542 00:31:12,470 --> 00:31:12,480 and so on 1543 00:31:12,480 --> 00:31:14,870 and so on i'm wondering if if you can say now that 1544 00:31:14,870 --> 00:31:14,880 i'm wondering if if you can say now that 1545 00:31:14,880 --> 00:31:16,870 i'm wondering if if you can say now that that was a matter of 1546 00:31:16,870 --> 00:31:16,880 that was a matter of 1547 00:31:16,880 --> 00:31:19,509 that was a matter of maybe overestimating the resiliency of 1548 00:31:19,509 --> 00:31:19,519 maybe overestimating the resiliency of 1549 00:31:19,519 --> 00:31:20,710 maybe overestimating the resiliency of jupiter or was it 1550 00:31:20,710 --> 00:31:20,720 jupiter or was it 1551 00:31:20,720 --> 00:31:23,509 jupiter or was it underestimating the magnitude of these 1552 00:31:23,509 --> 00:31:23,519 underestimating the magnitude of these 1553 00:31:23,519 --> 00:31:25,909 underestimating the magnitude of these fragments or some combination 1554 00:31:25,909 --> 00:31:25,919 fragments or some combination 1555 00:31:25,919 --> 00:31:27,509 fragments or some combination we're being criticized because it's been 1556 00:31:27,509 --> 00:31:27,519 we're being criticized because it's been 1557 00:31:27,519 --> 00:31:29,269 we're being criticized because it's been too good 1558 00:31:29,269 --> 00:31:29,279 too good 1559 00:31:29,279 --> 00:31:32,870 too good i'd say the the thing that uh caused the 1560 00:31:32,870 --> 00:31:32,880 i'd say the the thing that uh caused the 1561 00:31:32,880 --> 00:31:34,549 i'd say the the thing that uh caused the most uncertainty 1562 00:31:34,549 --> 00:31:34,559 most uncertainty 1563 00:31:34,559 --> 00:31:36,070 most uncertainty prior to the actual beginning of the 1564 00:31:36,070 --> 00:31:36,080 prior to the actual beginning of the 1565 00:31:36,080 --> 00:31:38,389 prior to the actual beginning of the impacts was the whole issue 1566 00:31:38,389 --> 00:31:38,399 impacts was the whole issue 1567 00:31:38,399 --> 00:31:41,669 impacts was the whole issue how big are these fragments how much 1568 00:31:41,669 --> 00:31:41,679 how big are these fragments how much 1569 00:31:41,679 --> 00:31:43,590 how big are these fragments how much stuff is there 1570 00:31:43,590 --> 00:31:43,600 stuff is there 1571 00:31:43,600 --> 00:31:46,070 stuff is there now we had two estimates independent 1572 00:31:46,070 --> 00:31:46,080 now we had two estimates independent 1573 00:31:46,080 --> 00:31:47,590 now we had two estimates independent estimates 1574 00:31:47,590 --> 00:31:47,600 estimates 1575 00:31:47,600 --> 00:31:49,430 estimates that suggested that the original 1576 00:31:49,430 --> 00:31:49,440 that suggested that the original 1577 00:31:49,440 --> 00:31:51,430 that suggested that the original precursor body was of order 1578 00:31:51,430 --> 00:31:51,440 precursor body was of order 1579 00:31:51,440 --> 00:31:54,549 precursor body was of order 10 kilometers across and the big biggest 1580 00:31:54,549 --> 00:31:54,559 10 kilometers across and the big biggest 1581 00:31:54,559 --> 00:31:57,350 10 kilometers across and the big biggest fragments might be in the ballpark of 1582 00:31:57,350 --> 00:31:57,360 fragments might be in the ballpark of 1583 00:31:57,360 --> 00:31:59,110 fragments might be in the ballpark of about three kilometers 1584 00:31:59,110 --> 00:31:59,120 about three kilometers 1585 00:31:59,120 --> 00:32:01,430 about three kilometers or an upper bound that was given by hal 1586 00:32:01,430 --> 00:32:01,440 or an upper bound that was given by hal 1587 00:32:01,440 --> 00:32:02,470 or an upper bound that was given by hal weaver 1588 00:32:02,470 --> 00:32:02,480 weaver 1589 00:32:02,480 --> 00:32:05,590 weaver from earlier hubble photometry was about 1590 00:32:05,590 --> 00:32:05,600 from earlier hubble photometry was about 1591 00:32:05,600 --> 00:32:07,110 from earlier hubble photometry was about four kilometers for the very biggest 1592 00:32:07,110 --> 00:32:07,120 four kilometers for the very biggest 1593 00:32:07,120 --> 00:32:08,389 four kilometers for the very biggest that would have been 1594 00:32:08,389 --> 00:32:08,399 that would have been 1595 00:32:08,399 --> 00:32:10,230 that would have been well that time was q that was that 1596 00:32:10,230 --> 00:32:10,240 well that time was q that was that 1597 00:32:10,240 --> 00:32:11,830 well that time was q that was that seemed to be the brightest 1598 00:32:11,830 --> 00:32:11,840 seemed to be the brightest 1599 00:32:11,840 --> 00:32:15,029 seemed to be the brightest now the issue was are we really seeing 1600 00:32:15,029 --> 00:32:15,039 now the issue was are we really seeing 1601 00:32:15,039 --> 00:32:16,149 now the issue was are we really seeing the nuclei 1602 00:32:16,149 --> 00:32:16,159 the nuclei 1603 00:32:16,159 --> 00:32:18,630 the nuclei or maybe the nuclear completely shrouded 1604 00:32:18,630 --> 00:32:18,640 or maybe the nuclear completely shrouded 1605 00:32:18,640 --> 00:32:19,669 or maybe the nuclear completely shrouded in dust 1606 00:32:19,669 --> 00:32:19,679 in dust 1607 00:32:19,679 --> 00:32:22,230 in dust so hal weaver and his team were trying 1608 00:32:22,230 --> 00:32:22,240 so hal weaver and his team were trying 1609 00:32:22,240 --> 00:32:23,269 so hal weaver and his team were trying to do this job 1610 00:32:23,269 --> 00:32:23,279 to do this job 1611 00:32:23,279 --> 00:32:24,870 to do this job tried to do the best job they could to 1612 00:32:24,870 --> 00:32:24,880 tried to do the best job they could to 1613 00:32:24,880 --> 00:32:26,789 tried to do the best job they could to subtract off 1614 00:32:26,789 --> 00:32:26,799 subtract off 1615 00:32:26,799 --> 00:32:29,110 subtract off the dust effect to see what's left 1616 00:32:29,110 --> 00:32:29,120 the dust effect to see what's left 1617 00:32:29,120 --> 00:32:30,630 the dust effect to see what's left what's there in the middle 1618 00:32:30,630 --> 00:32:30,640 what's there in the middle 1619 00:32:30,640 --> 00:32:32,549 what's there in the middle but you could argue that maybe that we 1620 00:32:32,549 --> 00:32:32,559 but you could argue that maybe that we 1621 00:32:32,559 --> 00:32:34,389 but you could argue that maybe that we weren't actually seeing anything else 1622 00:32:34,389 --> 00:32:34,399 weren't actually seeing anything else 1623 00:32:34,399 --> 00:32:36,070 weren't actually seeing anything else but dust and that the nuclei could be 1624 00:32:36,070 --> 00:32:36,080 but dust and that the nuclei could be 1625 00:32:36,080 --> 00:32:36,950 but dust and that the nuclei could be much smaller 1626 00:32:36,950 --> 00:32:36,960 much smaller 1627 00:32:36,960 --> 00:32:39,269 much smaller we're defeated by physics right 1628 00:32:39,269 --> 00:32:39,279 we're defeated by physics right 1629 00:32:39,279 --> 00:32:40,830 we're defeated by physics right basically it's a very difficult 1630 00:32:40,830 --> 00:32:40,840 basically it's a very difficult 1631 00:32:40,840 --> 00:32:41,990 basically it's a very difficult observation 1632 00:32:41,990 --> 00:32:42,000 observation 1633 00:32:42,000 --> 00:32:43,750 observation uh the other team that was proposing 1634 00:32:43,750 --> 00:32:43,760 uh the other team that was proposing 1635 00:32:43,760 --> 00:32:45,350 uh the other team that was proposing that these objects were big 1636 00:32:45,350 --> 00:32:45,360 that these objects were big 1637 00:32:45,360 --> 00:32:48,710 that these objects were big consisted of the dynamicist team 1638 00:32:48,710 --> 00:32:48,720 consisted of the dynamicist team 1639 00:32:48,720 --> 00:32:51,830 consisted of the dynamicist team at jpl paul chodes and don yeomans and 1640 00:32:51,830 --> 00:32:51,840 at jpl paul chodes and don yeomans and 1641 00:32:51,840 --> 00:32:54,549 at jpl paul chodes and don yeomans and zdenek sekinina and they said if they 1642 00:32:54,549 --> 00:32:54,559 zdenek sekinina and they said if they 1643 00:32:54,559 --> 00:32:55,430 zdenek sekinina and they said if they try to do their 1644 00:32:55,430 --> 00:32:55,440 try to do their 1645 00:32:55,440 --> 00:32:57,830 try to do their best fit to the to the actual 1646 00:32:57,830 --> 00:32:57,840 best fit to the to the actual 1647 00:32:57,840 --> 00:33:00,470 best fit to the to the actual orientation of the string of pearls 1648 00:33:00,470 --> 00:33:00,480 orientation of the string of pearls 1649 00:33:00,480 --> 00:33:03,029 orientation of the string of pearls that they found a breakup of the comet 1650 00:33:03,029 --> 00:33:03,039 that they found a breakup of the comet 1651 00:33:03,039 --> 00:33:04,070 that they found a breakup of the comet initially 1652 00:33:04,070 --> 00:33:04,080 initially 1653 00:33:04,080 --> 00:33:06,230 initially about an hour and a half after it passed 1654 00:33:06,230 --> 00:33:06,240 about an hour and a half after it passed 1655 00:33:06,240 --> 00:33:07,590 about an hour and a half after it passed perijove 1656 00:33:07,590 --> 00:33:07,600 perijove 1657 00:33:07,600 --> 00:33:09,990 perijove and they get from that com just that 1658 00:33:09,990 --> 00:33:10,000 and they get from that com just that 1659 00:33:10,000 --> 00:33:11,430 and they get from that com just that dynamical solution 1660 00:33:11,430 --> 00:33:11,440 dynamical solution 1661 00:33:11,440 --> 00:33:13,590 dynamical solution they gave a size for you can get the 1662 00:33:13,590 --> 00:33:13,600 they gave a size for you can get the 1663 00:33:13,600 --> 00:33:15,029 they gave a size for you can get the size of the original object because 1664 00:33:15,029 --> 00:33:15,039 size of the original object because 1665 00:33:15,039 --> 00:33:16,230 size of the original object because where the things go in the string of 1666 00:33:16,230 --> 00:33:16,240 where the things go in the string of 1667 00:33:16,240 --> 00:33:18,149 where the things go in the string of pearls depends on where they are 1668 00:33:18,149 --> 00:33:18,159 pearls depends on where they are 1669 00:33:18,159 --> 00:33:19,909 pearls depends on where they are relative to jupiter at the time of 1670 00:33:19,909 --> 00:33:19,919 relative to jupiter at the time of 1671 00:33:19,919 --> 00:33:22,149 relative to jupiter at the time of breakup so that's how you get the number 1672 00:33:22,149 --> 00:33:22,159 breakup so that's how you get the number 1673 00:33:22,159 --> 00:33:24,950 breakup so that's how you get the number uh and it turns out their result agreed 1674 00:33:24,950 --> 00:33:24,960 uh and it turns out their result agreed 1675 00:33:24,960 --> 00:33:26,470 uh and it turns out their result agreed very nicely 1676 00:33:26,470 --> 00:33:26,480 very nicely 1677 00:33:26,480 --> 00:33:28,870 very nicely with with the weaver team and we were we 1678 00:33:28,870 --> 00:33:28,880 with with the weaver team and we were we 1679 00:33:28,880 --> 00:33:30,789 with with the weaver team and we were we were very happy about that but now there 1680 00:33:30,789 --> 00:33:30,799 were very happy about that but now there 1681 00:33:30,799 --> 00:33:32,389 were very happy about that but now there were other solutions 1682 00:33:32,389 --> 00:33:32,399 were other solutions 1683 00:33:32,399 --> 00:33:35,590 were other solutions on jay milage and jim scotty for for 1684 00:33:35,590 --> 00:33:35,600 on jay milage and jim scotty for for 1685 00:33:35,600 --> 00:33:37,669 on jay milage and jim scotty for for example that assume the breakup happens 1686 00:33:37,669 --> 00:33:37,679 example that assume the breakup happens 1687 00:33:37,679 --> 00:33:37,990 example that assume the breakup happens right 1688 00:33:37,990 --> 00:33:38,000 right 1689 00:33:38,000 --> 00:33:40,230 right at perijove then the original parrot 1690 00:33:40,230 --> 00:33:40,240 at perijove then the original parrot 1691 00:33:40,240 --> 00:33:42,310 at perijove then the original parrot body is much smaller 1692 00:33:42,310 --> 00:33:42,320 body is much smaller 1693 00:33:42,320 --> 00:33:45,509 body is much smaller and so you know we so that's that's 1694 00:33:45,509 --> 00:33:45,519 and so you know we so that's that's 1695 00:33:45,519 --> 00:33:46,789 and so you know we so that's that's where some of the confusion was 1696 00:33:46,789 --> 00:33:46,799 where some of the confusion was 1697 00:33:46,799 --> 00:33:48,310 where some of the confusion was occurring it turns out that solution is 1698 00:33:48,310 --> 00:33:48,320 occurring it turns out that solution is 1699 00:33:48,320 --> 00:33:49,509 occurring it turns out that solution is very sensitive 1700 00:33:49,509 --> 00:33:49,519 very sensitive 1701 00:33:49,519 --> 00:33:52,630 very sensitive to just exactly when the breakup occurs 1702 00:33:52,630 --> 00:33:52,640 to just exactly when the breakup occurs 1703 00:33:52,640 --> 00:33:54,230 to just exactly when the breakup occurs now the other thing that that had come 1704 00:33:54,230 --> 00:33:54,240 now the other thing that that had come 1705 00:33:54,240 --> 00:33:56,070 now the other thing that that had come out very recently 1706 00:33:56,070 --> 00:33:56,080 out very recently 1707 00:33:56,080 --> 00:33:58,310 out very recently particularly work by willie benz and 1708 00:33:58,310 --> 00:33:58,320 particularly work by willie benz and 1709 00:33:58,320 --> 00:33:59,750 particularly work by willie benz and ashfog 1710 00:33:59,750 --> 00:33:59,760 ashfog 1711 00:33:59,760 --> 00:34:03,190 ashfog i suggested that really the comet was 1712 00:34:03,190 --> 00:34:03,200 i suggested that really the comet was 1713 00:34:03,200 --> 00:34:05,029 i suggested that really the comet was just a pile of debris to begin with and 1714 00:34:05,029 --> 00:34:05,039 just a pile of debris to begin with and 1715 00:34:05,039 --> 00:34:06,070 just a pile of debris to begin with and you could account 1716 00:34:06,070 --> 00:34:06,080 you could account 1717 00:34:06,080 --> 00:34:09,109 you could account for the string of 20 pearls quite nicely 1718 00:34:09,109 --> 00:34:09,119 for the string of 20 pearls quite nicely 1719 00:34:09,119 --> 00:34:11,589 for the string of 20 pearls quite nicely if you just smashed the whole thing the 1720 00:34:11,589 --> 00:34:11,599 if you just smashed the whole thing the 1721 00:34:11,599 --> 00:34:13,109 if you just smashed the whole thing the whole thing just came apart 1722 00:34:13,109 --> 00:34:13,119 whole thing just came apart 1723 00:34:13,119 --> 00:34:14,629 whole thing just came apart but then it gravitationally 1724 00:34:14,629 --> 00:34:14,639 but then it gravitationally 1725 00:34:14,639 --> 00:34:16,629 but then it gravitationally re-aggregated by its own self-gravity 1726 00:34:16,629 --> 00:34:16,639 re-aggregated by its own self-gravity 1727 00:34:16,639 --> 00:34:18,790 re-aggregated by its own self-gravity into little clumps or knots 1728 00:34:18,790 --> 00:34:18,800 into little clumps or knots 1729 00:34:18,800 --> 00:34:20,869 into little clumps or knots and if the and actually there's a 1730 00:34:20,869 --> 00:34:20,879 and if the and actually there's a 1731 00:34:20,879 --> 00:34:22,389 and if the and actually there's a there's a lot of power behind that 1732 00:34:22,389 --> 00:34:22,399 there's a lot of power behind that 1733 00:34:22,399 --> 00:34:23,190 there's a lot of power behind that argument 1734 00:34:23,190 --> 00:34:23,200 argument 1735 00:34:23,200 --> 00:34:25,270 argument i think that we've got to address that 1736 00:34:25,270 --> 00:34:25,280 i think that we've got to address that 1737 00:34:25,280 --> 00:34:26,950 i think that we've got to address that argument because we i think that looks 1738 00:34:26,950 --> 00:34:26,960 argument because we i think that looks 1739 00:34:26,960 --> 00:34:28,550 argument because we i think that looks like a very strong argument 1740 00:34:28,550 --> 00:34:28,560 like a very strong argument 1741 00:34:28,560 --> 00:34:30,470 like a very strong argument so the question was are those clumps 1742 00:34:30,470 --> 00:34:30,480 so the question was are those clumps 1743 00:34:30,480 --> 00:34:32,389 so the question was are those clumps spread out in which case 1744 00:34:32,389 --> 00:34:32,399 spread out in which case 1745 00:34:32,399 --> 00:34:34,069 spread out in which case they may appear brighter and there may 1746 00:34:34,069 --> 00:34:34,079 they may appear brighter and there may 1747 00:34:34,079 --> 00:34:35,589 they may appear brighter and there may not be as much mass 1748 00:34:35,589 --> 00:34:35,599 not be as much mass 1749 00:34:35,599 --> 00:34:37,430 not be as much mass or the clump did the clumps get back 1750 00:34:37,430 --> 00:34:37,440 or the clump did the clumps get back 1751 00:34:37,440 --> 00:34:39,430 or the clump did the clumps get back together again so something like g 1752 00:34:39,430 --> 00:34:39,440 together again so something like g 1753 00:34:39,440 --> 00:34:42,550 together again so something like g or h hitting jupiter is really 1754 00:34:42,550 --> 00:34:42,560 or h hitting jupiter is really 1755 00:34:42,560 --> 00:34:44,710 or h hitting jupiter is really bound together grav by its own gravity 1756 00:34:44,710 --> 00:34:44,720 bound together grav by its own gravity 1757 00:34:44,720 --> 00:34:45,990 bound together grav by its own gravity and would come in maybe get 1758 00:34:45,990 --> 00:34:46,000 and would come in maybe get 1759 00:34:46,000 --> 00:34:47,589 and would come in maybe get slightly separated as it enters the 1760 00:34:47,589 --> 00:34:47,599 slightly separated as it enters the 1761 00:34:47,599 --> 00:34:50,069 slightly separated as it enters the atmosphere but effectively act like one 1762 00:34:50,069 --> 00:34:50,079 atmosphere but effectively act like one 1763 00:34:50,079 --> 00:34:51,349 atmosphere but effectively act like one projectile when it hits 1764 00:34:51,349 --> 00:34:51,359 projectile when it hits 1765 00:34:51,359 --> 00:34:53,510 projectile when it hits or what is just going to be pulled out 1766 00:34:53,510 --> 00:34:53,520 or what is just going to be pulled out 1767 00:34:53,520 --> 00:34:54,869 or what is just going to be pulled out in a long string 1768 00:34:54,869 --> 00:34:54,879 in a long string 1769 00:34:54,879 --> 00:34:56,629 in a long string and as paul weissman said sort of hit 1770 00:34:56,629 --> 00:34:56,639 and as paul weissman said sort of hit 1771 00:34:56,639 --> 00:34:58,630 and as paul weissman said sort of hit jupiter like a string of machine gun 1772 00:34:58,630 --> 00:34:58,640 jupiter like a string of machine gun 1773 00:34:58,640 --> 00:34:59,270 jupiter like a string of machine gun bullets 1774 00:34:59,270 --> 00:34:59,280 bullets 1775 00:34:59,280 --> 00:35:00,710 bullets and that was the source of the idea of 1776 00:35:00,710 --> 00:35:00,720 and that was the source of the idea of 1777 00:35:00,720 --> 00:35:02,470 and that was the source of the idea of the great fizzle 1778 00:35:02,470 --> 00:35:02,480 the great fizzle 1779 00:35:02,480 --> 00:35:04,790 the great fizzle it looks as though jupiter is telling us 1780 00:35:04,790 --> 00:35:04,800 it looks as though jupiter is telling us 1781 00:35:04,800 --> 00:35:06,390 it looks as though jupiter is telling us in my view at least 1782 00:35:06,390 --> 00:35:06,400 in my view at least 1783 00:35:06,400 --> 00:35:09,349 in my view at least that that you had pretty good clumps for 1784 00:35:09,349 --> 00:35:09,359 that that you had pretty good clumps for 1785 00:35:09,359 --> 00:35:11,109 that that you had pretty good clumps for the guys that are on the line that's 1786 00:35:11,109 --> 00:35:11,119 the guys that are on the line that's 1787 00:35:11,119 --> 00:35:13,349 the guys that are on the line that's just what we were talking about today 1788 00:35:13,349 --> 00:35:13,359 just what we were talking about today 1789 00:35:13,359 --> 00:35:14,950 just what we were talking about today so they're the ones that got back 1790 00:35:14,950 --> 00:35:14,960 so they're the ones that got back 1791 00:35:14,960 --> 00:35:16,950 so they're the ones that got back together and made pretty good clumps and 1792 00:35:16,950 --> 00:35:16,960 together and made pretty good clumps and 1793 00:35:16,960 --> 00:35:18,550 together and made pretty good clumps and the ones that are off the line are the 1794 00:35:18,550 --> 00:35:18,560 the ones that are off the line are the 1795 00:35:18,560 --> 00:35:20,630 the ones that are off the line are the more diffused swarms 1796 00:35:20,630 --> 00:35:20,640 more diffused swarms 1797 00:35:20,640 --> 00:35:23,270 more diffused swarms that's been a guess and it looks as 1798 00:35:23,270 --> 00:35:23,280 that's been a guess and it looks as 1799 00:35:23,280 --> 00:35:24,310 that's been a guess and it looks as though what we're really seeing on 1800 00:35:24,310 --> 00:35:24,320 though what we're really seeing on 1801 00:35:24,320 --> 00:35:25,030 though what we're really seeing on jupiter 1802 00:35:25,030 --> 00:35:25,040 jupiter 1803 00:35:25,040 --> 00:35:28,950 jupiter supports that yes 1804 00:35:28,950 --> 00:35:28,960 1805 00:35:28,960 --> 00:35:30,710 uh bill hartwick cbs and just to follow 1806 00:35:30,710 --> 00:35:30,720 uh bill hartwick cbs and just to follow 1807 00:35:30,720 --> 00:35:32,470 uh bill hartwick cbs and just to follow up on that was part of the question i 1808 00:35:32,470 --> 00:35:32,480 up on that was part of the question i 1809 00:35:32,480 --> 00:35:35,349 up on that was part of the question i wanted to ask the the mechanism for 1810 00:35:35,349 --> 00:35:35,359 wanted to ask the the mechanism for 1811 00:35:35,359 --> 00:35:36,950 wanted to ask the the mechanism for the ones on the line and then the later 1812 00:35:36,950 --> 00:35:36,960 the ones on the line and then the later 1813 00:35:36,960 --> 00:35:38,470 the ones on the line and then the later break-offs where you have these off the 1814 00:35:38,470 --> 00:35:38,480 break-offs where you have these off the 1815 00:35:38,480 --> 00:35:39,270 break-offs where you have these off the line 1816 00:35:39,270 --> 00:35:39,280 line 1817 00:35:39,280 --> 00:35:41,109 line i'm interpreting what you just said that 1818 00:35:41,109 --> 00:35:41,119 i'm interpreting what you just said that 1819 00:35:41,119 --> 00:35:42,870 i'm interpreting what you just said that it was all clumps to start with some got 1820 00:35:42,870 --> 00:35:42,880 it was all clumps to start with some got 1821 00:35:42,880 --> 00:35:43,990 it was all clumps to start with some got together and made big clumps 1822 00:35:43,990 --> 00:35:44,000 together and made big clumps 1823 00:35:44,000 --> 00:35:45,349 together and made big clumps and some never managed to do that is 1824 00:35:45,349 --> 00:35:45,359 and some never managed to do that is 1825 00:35:45,359 --> 00:35:47,109 and some never managed to do that is that what you're saying the mechanism of 1826 00:35:47,109 --> 00:35:47,119 that what you're saying the mechanism of 1827 00:35:47,119 --> 00:35:49,109 that what you're saying the mechanism of it and the second question was 1828 00:35:49,109 --> 00:35:49,119 it and the second question was 1829 00:35:49,119 --> 00:35:50,950 it and the second question was in the g impact site where there was 1830 00:35:50,950 --> 00:35:50,960 in the g impact site where there was 1831 00:35:50,960 --> 00:35:52,710 in the g impact site where there was that sharply defined ring that 1832 00:35:52,710 --> 00:35:52,720 that sharply defined ring that 1833 00:35:52,720 --> 00:35:54,150 that sharply defined ring that we said we're going to look later and 1834 00:35:54,150 --> 00:35:54,160 we said we're going to look later and 1835 00:35:54,160 --> 00:35:55,670 we said we're going to look later and see if it was expanding has anybody 1836 00:35:55,670 --> 00:35:55,680 see if it was expanding has anybody 1837 00:35:55,680 --> 00:35:56,870 see if it was expanding has anybody looked and is it 1838 00:35:56,870 --> 00:35:56,880 looked and is it 1839 00:35:56,880 --> 00:35:58,870 looked and is it do you know what that is yet let's take 1840 00:35:58,870 --> 00:35:58,880 do you know what that is yet let's take 1841 00:35:58,880 --> 00:36:00,230 do you know what that is yet let's take the first part and then 1842 00:36:00,230 --> 00:36:00,240 the first part and then 1843 00:36:00,240 --> 00:36:01,750 the first part and then i think i want to throw the second part 1844 00:36:01,750 --> 00:36:01,760 i think i want to throw the second part 1845 00:36:01,760 --> 00:36:03,589 i think i want to throw the second part to some others here uh 1846 00:36:03,589 --> 00:36:03,599 to some others here uh 1847 00:36:03,599 --> 00:36:05,190 to some others here uh the first part is that some of the 1848 00:36:05,190 --> 00:36:05,200 the first part is that some of the 1849 00:36:05,200 --> 00:36:06,710 the first part is that some of the things that are off the line 1850 00:36:06,710 --> 00:36:06,720 things that are off the line 1851 00:36:06,720 --> 00:36:10,790 things that are off the line demonstrably split off from other clumps 1852 00:36:10,790 --> 00:36:10,800 demonstrably split off from other clumps 1853 00:36:10,800 --> 00:36:13,750 demonstrably split off from other clumps late late in the history of the comet uh 1854 00:36:13,750 --> 00:36:13,760 late late in the history of the comet uh 1855 00:36:13,760 --> 00:36:14,470 late late in the history of the comet uh because 1856 00:36:14,470 --> 00:36:14,480 because 1857 00:36:14,480 --> 00:36:16,230 because we we essentially almost caught them in 1858 00:36:16,230 --> 00:36:16,240 we we essentially almost caught them in 1859 00:36:16,240 --> 00:36:17,829 we we essentially almost caught them in the act of separating 1860 00:36:17,829 --> 00:36:17,839 the act of separating 1861 00:36:17,839 --> 00:36:20,150 the act of separating with the images taken last july with 1862 00:36:20,150 --> 00:36:20,160 with the images taken last july with 1863 00:36:20,160 --> 00:36:20,950 with the images taken last july with hubble 1864 00:36:20,950 --> 00:36:20,960 hubble 1865 00:36:20,960 --> 00:36:22,950 hubble q1 and q2 are just starting to come 1866 00:36:22,950 --> 00:36:22,960 q1 and q2 are just starting to come 1867 00:36:22,960 --> 00:36:25,349 q1 and q2 are just starting to come apart and p1 and p2 1868 00:36:25,349 --> 00:36:25,359 apart and p1 and p2 1869 00:36:25,359 --> 00:36:27,910 apart and p1 and p2 were actually not very far separated so 1870 00:36:27,910 --> 00:36:27,920 were actually not very far separated so 1871 00:36:27,920 --> 00:36:29,670 were actually not very far separated so it's clear that those things began to 1872 00:36:29,670 --> 00:36:29,680 it's clear that those things began to 1873 00:36:29,680 --> 00:36:30,790 it's clear that those things began to separate 1874 00:36:30,790 --> 00:36:30,800 separate 1875 00:36:30,800 --> 00:36:32,710 separate even after the event and those things 1876 00:36:32,710 --> 00:36:32,720 even after the event and those things 1877 00:36:32,720 --> 00:36:34,150 even after the event and those things that separated late 1878 00:36:34,150 --> 00:36:34,160 that separated late 1879 00:36:34,160 --> 00:36:35,589 that separated late in part seem to be the things that have 1880 00:36:35,589 --> 00:36:35,599 in part seem to be the things that have 1881 00:36:35,599 --> 00:36:38,150 in part seem to be the things that have drifted off and maybe mostly swarms 1882 00:36:38,150 --> 00:36:38,160 drifted off and maybe mostly swarms 1883 00:36:38,160 --> 00:36:41,030 drifted off and maybe mostly swarms yeah the q fragment actually uh there's 1884 00:36:41,030 --> 00:36:41,040 yeah the q fragment actually uh there's 1885 00:36:41,040 --> 00:36:43,109 yeah the q fragment actually uh there's evidence that fragment q was 1886 00:36:43,109 --> 00:36:43,119 evidence that fragment q was 1887 00:36:43,119 --> 00:36:44,870 evidence that fragment q was starting to split up at the time of 1888 00:36:44,870 --> 00:36:44,880 starting to split up at the time of 1889 00:36:44,880 --> 00:36:46,310 starting to split up at the time of discovery of the comet 1890 00:36:46,310 --> 00:36:46,320 discovery of the comet 1891 00:36:46,320 --> 00:36:48,550 discovery of the comet and that the date of around april first 1892 00:36:48,550 --> 00:36:48,560 and that the date of around april first 1893 00:36:48,560 --> 00:36:49,750 and that the date of around april first 93 for 1894 00:36:49,750 --> 00:36:49,760 93 for 1895 00:36:49,760 --> 00:36:52,230 93 for breakup of fragment queue might be 1896 00:36:52,230 --> 00:36:52,240 breakup of fragment queue might be 1897 00:36:52,240 --> 00:36:52,950 breakup of fragment queue might be making p 1898 00:36:52,950 --> 00:36:52,960 making p 1899 00:36:52,960 --> 00:36:54,870 making p probably at that time q and p being 1900 00:36:54,870 --> 00:36:54,880 probably at that time q and p being 1901 00:36:54,880 --> 00:36:56,630 probably at that time q and p being formed that way i was just going to say 1902 00:36:56,630 --> 00:36:56,640 formed that way i was just going to say 1903 00:36:56,640 --> 00:36:58,470 formed that way i was just going to say that i have a slight modification to 1904 00:36:58,470 --> 00:36:58,480 that i have a slight modification to 1905 00:36:58,480 --> 00:36:58,870 that i have a slight modification to what 1906 00:36:58,870 --> 00:36:58,880 what 1907 00:36:58,880 --> 00:37:00,470 what you know gene was saying my picture of 1908 00:37:00,470 --> 00:37:00,480 you know gene was saying my picture of 1909 00:37:00,480 --> 00:37:02,150 you know gene was saying my picture of what's going on of you know 1910 00:37:02,150 --> 00:37:02,160 what's going on of you know 1911 00:37:02,160 --> 00:37:03,510 what's going on of you know for these fragments that are off the 1912 00:37:03,510 --> 00:37:03,520 for these fragments that are off the 1913 00:37:03,520 --> 00:37:05,510 for these fragments that are off the train is that in fact 1914 00:37:05,510 --> 00:37:05,520 train is that in fact 1915 00:37:05,520 --> 00:37:07,750 train is that in fact there still are you know single large 1916 00:37:07,750 --> 00:37:07,760 there still are you know single large 1917 00:37:07,760 --> 00:37:09,270 there still are you know single large bodies at the centers of each of those 1918 00:37:09,270 --> 00:37:09,280 bodies at the centers of each of those 1919 00:37:09,280 --> 00:37:09,750 bodies at the centers of each of those things 1920 00:37:09,750 --> 00:37:09,760 things 1921 00:37:09,760 --> 00:37:11,430 things they're anomalously bright because they 1922 00:37:11,430 --> 00:37:11,440 they're anomalously bright because they 1923 00:37:11,440 --> 00:37:13,910 they're anomalously bright because they have more dust the younger object 1924 00:37:13,910 --> 00:37:13,920 have more dust the younger object 1925 00:37:13,920 --> 00:37:16,069 have more dust the younger object the younger the object is the more dust 1926 00:37:16,069 --> 00:37:16,079 the younger the object is the more dust 1927 00:37:16,079 --> 00:37:18,069 the younger the object is the more dust it has we see that even for the main 1928 00:37:18,069 --> 00:37:18,079 it has we see that even for the main 1929 00:37:18,079 --> 00:37:18,790 it has we see that even for the main fragments 1930 00:37:18,790 --> 00:37:18,800 fragments 1931 00:37:18,800 --> 00:37:20,870 fragments the amount of small dust gets blown away 1932 00:37:20,870 --> 00:37:20,880 the amount of small dust gets blown away 1933 00:37:20,880 --> 00:37:22,390 the amount of small dust gets blown away eventually by the solar radiation 1934 00:37:22,390 --> 00:37:22,400 eventually by the solar radiation 1935 00:37:22,400 --> 00:37:22,870 eventually by the solar radiation pressure 1936 00:37:22,870 --> 00:37:22,880 pressure 1937 00:37:22,880 --> 00:37:24,870 pressure and is removed from the system that 1938 00:37:24,870 --> 00:37:24,880 and is removed from the system that 1939 00:37:24,880 --> 00:37:26,150 and is removed from the system that makes the comet appear 1940 00:37:26,150 --> 00:37:26,160 makes the comet appear 1941 00:37:26,160 --> 00:37:27,829 makes the comet appear fainter because what you're observing 1942 00:37:27,829 --> 00:37:27,839 fainter because what you're observing 1943 00:37:27,839 --> 00:37:29,829 fainter because what you're observing for the most part is this dust 1944 00:37:29,829 --> 00:37:29,839 for the most part is this dust 1945 00:37:29,839 --> 00:37:32,790 for the most part is this dust and if you have a younger object you 1946 00:37:32,790 --> 00:37:32,800 and if you have a younger object you 1947 00:37:32,800 --> 00:37:34,310 and if you have a younger object you know if you compare 1948 00:37:34,310 --> 00:37:34,320 know if you compare 1949 00:37:34,320 --> 00:37:35,589 know if you compare the brightness of that object to 1950 00:37:35,589 --> 00:37:35,599 the brightness of that object to 1951 00:37:35,599 --> 00:37:37,030 the brightness of that object to something that's on the train you're 1952 00:37:37,030 --> 00:37:37,040 something that's on the train you're 1953 00:37:37,040 --> 00:37:38,470 something that's on the train you're comparing them essentially at different 1954 00:37:38,470 --> 00:37:38,480 comparing them essentially at different 1955 00:37:38,480 --> 00:37:40,790 comparing them essentially at different times in the in their dust production 1956 00:37:40,790 --> 00:37:40,800 times in the in their dust production 1957 00:37:40,800 --> 00:37:43,829 times in the in their dust production and so uh using the brightness is 1958 00:37:43,829 --> 00:37:43,839 and so uh using the brightness is 1959 00:37:43,839 --> 00:37:47,430 and so uh using the brightness is is uh basically misleading you 1960 00:37:47,430 --> 00:37:47,440 is uh basically misleading you 1961 00:37:47,440 --> 00:37:49,270 is uh basically misleading you as an indicator of the size because 1962 00:37:49,270 --> 00:37:49,280 as an indicator of the size because 1963 00:37:49,280 --> 00:37:51,030 as an indicator of the size because there's more dust associated with these 1964 00:37:51,030 --> 00:37:51,040 there's more dust associated with these 1965 00:37:51,040 --> 00:37:52,230 there's more dust associated with these things off the train 1966 00:37:52,230 --> 00:37:52,240 things off the train 1967 00:37:52,240 --> 00:37:55,349 things off the train than the ones on the train and 1968 00:37:55,349 --> 00:37:55,359 than the ones on the train and 1969 00:37:55,359 --> 00:37:57,270 than the ones on the train and but i think that for example when you 1970 00:37:57,270 --> 00:37:57,280 but i think that for example when you 1971 00:37:57,280 --> 00:37:58,390 but i think that for example when you look at the 1972 00:37:58,390 --> 00:37:58,400 look at the 1973 00:37:58,400 --> 00:38:00,550 look at the this interesting q region as gene was 1974 00:38:00,550 --> 00:38:00,560 this interesting q region as gene was 1975 00:38:00,560 --> 00:38:02,550 this interesting q region as gene was mentioning in at the end of march 1976 00:38:02,550 --> 00:38:02,560 mentioning in at the end of march 1977 00:38:02,560 --> 00:38:04,950 mentioning in at the end of march you actually see one of those small ones 1978 00:38:04,950 --> 00:38:04,960 you actually see one of those small ones 1979 00:38:04,960 --> 00:38:06,710 you actually see one of those small ones the so-called p2 1980 00:38:06,710 --> 00:38:06,720 the so-called p2 1981 00:38:06,720 --> 00:38:09,030 the so-called p2 break up almost before our eyes into two 1982 00:38:09,030 --> 00:38:09,040 break up almost before our eyes into two 1983 00:38:09,040 --> 00:38:09,829 break up almost before our eyes into two separate 1984 00:38:09,829 --> 00:38:09,839 separate 1985 00:38:09,839 --> 00:38:11,990 separate you know condensations essentially i 1986 00:38:11,990 --> 00:38:12,000 you know condensations essentially i 1987 00:38:12,000 --> 00:38:12,950 you know condensations essentially i don't believe that that could be 1988 00:38:12,950 --> 00:38:12,960 don't believe that that could be 1989 00:38:12,960 --> 00:38:14,390 don't believe that that could be explained by a 1990 00:38:14,390 --> 00:38:14,400 explained by a 1991 00:38:14,400 --> 00:38:16,550 explained by a swarm model it's hard to make it's hard 1992 00:38:16,550 --> 00:38:16,560 swarm model it's hard to make it's hard 1993 00:38:16,560 --> 00:38:18,069 swarm model it's hard to make it's hard to believe that it's more naturally 1994 00:38:18,069 --> 00:38:18,079 to believe that it's more naturally 1995 00:38:18,079 --> 00:38:19,589 to believe that it's more naturally explained it seems to me 1996 00:38:19,589 --> 00:38:19,599 explained it seems to me 1997 00:38:19,599 --> 00:38:21,670 explained it seems to me as having a single object there that is 1998 00:38:21,670 --> 00:38:21,680 as having a single object there that is 1999 00:38:21,680 --> 00:38:23,349 as having a single object there that is now very fragile i mean we know these 2000 00:38:23,349 --> 00:38:23,359 now very fragile i mean we know these 2001 00:38:23,359 --> 00:38:24,870 now very fragile i mean we know these things are extremely fragile 2002 00:38:24,870 --> 00:38:24,880 things are extremely fragile 2003 00:38:24,880 --> 00:38:27,510 things are extremely fragile and then it just broke off again and 2004 00:38:27,510 --> 00:38:27,520 and then it just broke off again and 2005 00:38:27,520 --> 00:38:29,109 and then it just broke off again and that's why i was so interested in this q 2006 00:38:29,109 --> 00:38:29,119 that's why i was so interested in this q 2007 00:38:29,119 --> 00:38:29,510 that's why i was so interested in this q region 2008 00:38:29,510 --> 00:38:29,520 region 2009 00:38:29,520 --> 00:38:31,430 region watching it prior to its impact into 2010 00:38:31,430 --> 00:38:31,440 watching it prior to its impact into 2011 00:38:31,440 --> 00:38:32,950 watching it prior to its impact into jupiter thinking that 2012 00:38:32,950 --> 00:38:32,960 jupiter thinking that 2013 00:38:32,960 --> 00:38:34,710 jupiter thinking that wow this this region most of these 2014 00:38:34,710 --> 00:38:34,720 wow this this region most of these 2015 00:38:34,720 --> 00:38:36,150 wow this this region most of these fragments have already shown evidence 2016 00:38:36,150 --> 00:38:36,160 fragments have already shown evidence 2017 00:38:36,160 --> 00:38:37,510 fragments have already shown evidence that they're extremely weak maybe even 2018 00:38:37,510 --> 00:38:37,520 that they're extremely weak maybe even 2019 00:38:37,520 --> 00:38:38,870 that they're extremely weak maybe even weaker than the others 2020 00:38:38,870 --> 00:38:38,880 weaker than the others 2021 00:38:38,880 --> 00:38:40,470 weaker than the others and we might see these things coming 2022 00:38:40,470 --> 00:38:40,480 and we might see these things coming 2023 00:38:40,480 --> 00:38:42,870 and we might see these things coming apart but up until 10 hours prior to 2024 00:38:42,870 --> 00:38:42,880 apart but up until 10 hours prior to 2025 00:38:42,880 --> 00:38:43,510 apart but up until 10 hours prior to impact we 2026 00:38:43,510 --> 00:38:43,520 impact we 2027 00:38:43,520 --> 00:38:45,190 impact we didn't really see any evidence that q1 2028 00:38:45,190 --> 00:38:45,200 didn't really see any evidence that q1 2029 00:38:45,200 --> 00:38:46,550 didn't really see any evidence that q1 and q2 were 2030 00:38:46,550 --> 00:38:46,560 and q2 were 2031 00:38:46,560 --> 00:38:49,750 and q2 were splitting into you know just a swarm 2032 00:38:49,750 --> 00:38:49,760 splitting into you know just a swarm 2033 00:38:49,760 --> 00:38:51,990 splitting into you know just a swarm can we answer the question about the 2034 00:38:51,990 --> 00:38:52,000 can we answer the question about the 2035 00:38:52,000 --> 00:38:53,910 can we answer the question about the ring read it could you 2036 00:38:53,910 --> 00:38:53,920 ring read it could you 2037 00:38:53,920 --> 00:38:56,550 ring read it could you i'd like to ask to defer that until 2038 00:38:56,550 --> 00:38:56,560 i'd like to ask to defer that until 2039 00:38:56,560 --> 00:38:57,510 i'd like to ask to defer that until tomorrow 2040 00:38:57,510 --> 00:38:57,520 tomorrow 2041 00:38:57,520 --> 00:38:59,109 tomorrow andrew ingersoll is back at the 2042 00:38:59,109 --> 00:38:59,119 andrew ingersoll is back at the 2043 00:38:59,119 --> 00:39:00,950 andrew ingersoll is back at the institute beavering away 2044 00:39:00,950 --> 00:39:00,960 institute beavering away 2045 00:39:00,960 --> 00:39:02,630 institute beavering away trying to get this all put together for 2046 00:39:02,630 --> 00:39:02,640 trying to get this all put together for 2047 00:39:02,640 --> 00:39:05,270 trying to get this all put together for you this is a part of his sonic 2048 00:39:05,270 --> 00:39:05,280 you this is a part of his sonic 2049 00:39:05,280 --> 00:39:08,390 you this is a part of his sonic uh boom scenario so i think we'll just 2050 00:39:08,390 --> 00:39:08,400 uh boom scenario so i think we'll just 2051 00:39:08,400 --> 00:39:10,069 uh boom scenario so i think we'll just kind of hold that and 2052 00:39:10,069 --> 00:39:10,079 kind of hold that and 2053 00:39:10,079 --> 00:39:12,950 kind of hold that and let him work it out for you come on 2054 00:39:12,950 --> 00:39:12,960 let him work it out for you come on 2055 00:39:12,960 --> 00:39:14,390 let him work it out for you come on there's a hint if he's saying it's a 2056 00:39:14,390 --> 00:39:14,400 there's a hint if he's saying it's a 2057 00:39:14,400 --> 00:39:15,750 there's a hint if he's saying it's a sonic sonic boom you 2058 00:39:15,750 --> 00:39:15,760 sonic sonic boom you 2059 00:39:15,760 --> 00:39:21,910 sonic sonic boom you you know it's got to be expanding 2060 00:39:21,910 --> 00:39:21,920 2061 00:39:21,920 --> 00:39:23,430 uh it's alan merson from national 2062 00:39:23,430 --> 00:39:23,440 uh it's alan merson from national 2063 00:39:23,440 --> 00:39:25,430 uh it's alan merson from national geographic magazine um i guess this 2064 00:39:25,430 --> 00:39:25,440 geographic magazine um i guess this 2065 00:39:25,440 --> 00:39:27,270 geographic magazine um i guess this question is for hal or gene 2066 00:39:27,270 --> 00:39:27,280 question is for hal or gene 2067 00:39:27,280 --> 00:39:29,109 question is for hal or gene you mentioned that fragment m had 2068 00:39:29,109 --> 00:39:29,119 you mentioned that fragment m had 2069 00:39:29,119 --> 00:39:31,030 you mentioned that fragment m had disappeared for a couple of weeks 2070 00:39:31,030 --> 00:39:31,040 disappeared for a couple of weeks 2071 00:39:31,040 --> 00:39:33,190 disappeared for a couple of weeks and then reappeared at impact and i and 2072 00:39:33,190 --> 00:39:33,200 and then reappeared at impact and i and 2073 00:39:33,200 --> 00:39:34,710 and then reappeared at impact and i and you talked about the fact that this 2074 00:39:34,710 --> 00:39:34,720 you talked about the fact that this 2075 00:39:34,720 --> 00:39:36,710 you talked about the fact that this fragment turned on and turned off 2076 00:39:36,710 --> 00:39:36,720 fragment turned on and turned off 2077 00:39:36,720 --> 00:39:37,990 fragment turned on and turned off and i wonder if you could describe what 2078 00:39:37,990 --> 00:39:38,000 and i wonder if you could describe what 2079 00:39:38,000 --> 00:39:41,030 and i wonder if you could describe what exactly that means and how that works 2080 00:39:41,030 --> 00:39:41,040 exactly that means and how that works 2081 00:39:41,040 --> 00:39:44,069 exactly that means and how that works uh fragment m was only seen seen uh 2082 00:39:44,069 --> 00:39:44,079 uh fragment m was only seen seen uh 2083 00:39:44,079 --> 00:39:47,190 uh fragment m was only seen seen uh last year okay uh all of this year 2084 00:39:47,190 --> 00:39:47,200 last year okay uh all of this year 2085 00:39:47,200 --> 00:39:49,109 last year okay uh all of this year nobody has seen m and i think what 2086 00:39:49,109 --> 00:39:49,119 nobody has seen m and i think what 2087 00:39:49,119 --> 00:39:51,430 nobody has seen m and i think what happened there was that small dust 2088 00:39:51,430 --> 00:39:51,440 happened there was that small dust 2089 00:39:51,440 --> 00:39:53,349 happened there was that small dust uh basically got blown out of the system 2090 00:39:53,349 --> 00:39:53,359 uh basically got blown out of the system 2091 00:39:53,359 --> 00:39:54,550 uh basically got blown out of the system leaving something that was a pretty 2092 00:39:54,550 --> 00:39:54,560 leaving something that was a pretty 2093 00:39:54,560 --> 00:39:56,069 leaving something that was a pretty small object but still could be 2094 00:39:56,069 --> 00:39:56,079 small object but still could be 2095 00:39:56,079 --> 00:39:56,950 small object but still could be substantial 2096 00:39:56,950 --> 00:39:56,960 substantial 2097 00:39:56,960 --> 00:39:59,670 substantial and that's and the the fact that you see 2098 00:39:59,670 --> 00:39:59,680 and that's and the the fact that you see 2099 00:39:59,680 --> 00:40:00,470 and that's and the the fact that you see evidence 2100 00:40:00,470 --> 00:40:00,480 evidence 2101 00:40:00,480 --> 00:40:03,109 evidence for the impact on jupiter indicates to 2102 00:40:03,109 --> 00:40:03,119 for the impact on jupiter indicates to 2103 00:40:03,119 --> 00:40:03,750 for the impact on jupiter indicates to me 2104 00:40:03,750 --> 00:40:03,760 me 2105 00:40:03,760 --> 00:40:05,430 me that you still had something fairly 2106 00:40:05,430 --> 00:40:05,440 that you still had something fairly 2107 00:40:05,440 --> 00:40:06,710 that you still had something fairly substantial there maybe on the order of 2108 00:40:06,710 --> 00:40:06,720 substantial there maybe on the order of 2109 00:40:06,720 --> 00:40:07,670 substantial there maybe on the order of 500 meters 2110 00:40:07,670 --> 00:40:07,680 500 meters 2111 00:40:07,680 --> 00:40:09,109 500 meters something like that something that was 2112 00:40:09,109 --> 00:40:09,119 something like that something that was 2113 00:40:09,119 --> 00:40:11,030 something like that something that was below the detection limit of all the 2114 00:40:11,030 --> 00:40:11,040 below the detection limit of all the 2115 00:40:11,040 --> 00:40:12,550 below the detection limit of all the telescopes that are looking for example 2116 00:40:12,550 --> 00:40:12,560 telescopes that are looking for example 2117 00:40:12,560 --> 00:40:13,270 telescopes that are looking for example hubble 2118 00:40:13,270 --> 00:40:13,280 hubble 2119 00:40:13,280 --> 00:40:14,550 hubble really wouldn't have been able to see 2120 00:40:14,550 --> 00:40:14,560 really wouldn't have been able to see 2121 00:40:14,560 --> 00:40:16,309 really wouldn't have been able to see something that's smaller than about 500 2122 00:40:16,309 --> 00:40:16,319 something that's smaller than about 500 2123 00:40:16,319 --> 00:40:17,510 something that's smaller than about 500 meters in size 2124 00:40:17,510 --> 00:40:17,520 meters in size 2125 00:40:17,520 --> 00:40:19,750 meters in size even if it had no dust cloud around it 2126 00:40:19,750 --> 00:40:19,760 even if it had no dust cloud around it 2127 00:40:19,760 --> 00:40:20,870 even if it had no dust cloud around it and so uh 2128 00:40:20,870 --> 00:40:20,880 and so uh 2129 00:40:20,880 --> 00:40:22,870 and so uh that's what we're seeing i should say 2130 00:40:22,870 --> 00:40:22,880 that's what we're seeing i should say 2131 00:40:22,880 --> 00:40:24,790 that's what we're seeing i should say that this is kind of a classical problem 2132 00:40:24,790 --> 00:40:24,800 that this is kind of a classical problem 2133 00:40:24,800 --> 00:40:26,470 that this is kind of a classical problem in observing comets 2134 00:40:26,470 --> 00:40:26,480 in observing comets 2135 00:40:26,480 --> 00:40:29,190 in observing comets many comets have been observed to 2136 00:40:29,190 --> 00:40:29,200 many comets have been observed to 2137 00:40:29,200 --> 00:40:31,030 many comets have been observed to essentially turn off 2138 00:40:31,030 --> 00:40:31,040 essentially turn off 2139 00:40:31,040 --> 00:40:34,470 essentially turn off and disappear and we've always wondered 2140 00:40:34,470 --> 00:40:34,480 and disappear and we've always wondered 2141 00:40:34,480 --> 00:40:37,670 and disappear and we've always wondered what the two hypotheses were did these 2142 00:40:37,670 --> 00:40:37,680 what the two hypotheses were did these 2143 00:40:37,680 --> 00:40:38,150 what the two hypotheses were did these just 2144 00:40:38,150 --> 00:40:38,160 just 2145 00:40:38,160 --> 00:40:40,630 just break up and dissipate or did they 2146 00:40:40,630 --> 00:40:40,640 break up and dissipate or did they 2147 00:40:40,640 --> 00:40:41,910 break up and dissipate or did they simply shut down 2148 00:40:41,910 --> 00:40:41,920 simply shut down 2149 00:40:41,920 --> 00:40:44,390 simply shut down they stopped being active and therefore 2150 00:40:44,390 --> 00:40:44,400 they stopped being active and therefore 2151 00:40:44,400 --> 00:40:46,790 they stopped being active and therefore the all you have is the bear nucleus 2152 00:40:46,790 --> 00:40:46,800 the all you have is the bear nucleus 2153 00:40:46,800 --> 00:40:49,990 the all you have is the bear nucleus and it's too faint to see and of course 2154 00:40:49,990 --> 00:40:50,000 and it's too faint to see and of course 2155 00:40:50,000 --> 00:40:51,430 and it's too faint to see and of course i think hal and i are very much on the 2156 00:40:51,430 --> 00:40:51,440 i think hal and i are very much on the 2157 00:40:51,440 --> 00:40:53,430 i think hal and i are very much on the same side of this this issue 2158 00:40:53,430 --> 00:40:53,440 same side of this this issue 2159 00:40:53,440 --> 00:40:55,750 same side of this this issue and that's why it's so delightful to see 2160 00:40:55,750 --> 00:40:55,760 and that's why it's so delightful to see 2161 00:40:55,760 --> 00:40:57,750 and that's why it's so delightful to see there really was something left 2162 00:40:57,750 --> 00:40:57,760 there really was something left 2163 00:40:57,760 --> 00:41:00,150 there really was something left when when fragment in hit because it's 2164 00:41:00,150 --> 00:41:00,160 when when fragment in hit because it's 2165 00:41:00,160 --> 00:41:02,309 when when fragment in hit because it's been gone for a long time as hal said 2166 00:41:02,309 --> 00:41:02,319 been gone for a long time as hal said 2167 00:41:02,319 --> 00:41:04,069 been gone for a long time as hal said so the dust was gone but there was still 2168 00:41:04,069 --> 00:41:04,079 so the dust was gone but there was still 2169 00:41:04,079 --> 00:41:06,630 so the dust was gone but there was still a body there and it came on in 2170 00:41:06,630 --> 00:41:06,640 a body there and it came on in 2171 00:41:06,640 --> 00:41:09,910 a body there and it came on in and made an impact a question 2172 00:41:09,910 --> 00:41:09,920 and made an impact a question 2173 00:41:09,920 --> 00:41:13,030 and made an impact a question third row 2174 00:41:13,030 --> 00:41:13,040 2175 00:41:13,040 --> 00:41:16,870 uh jim reston for esquire um 2176 00:41:16,870 --> 00:41:16,880 uh jim reston for esquire um 2177 00:41:16,880 --> 00:41:18,950 uh jim reston for esquire um dr bibi i'm still very confused about 2178 00:41:18,950 --> 00:41:18,960 dr bibi i'm still very confused about 2179 00:41:18,960 --> 00:41:20,150 dr bibi i'm still very confused about this water 2180 00:41:20,150 --> 00:41:20,160 this water 2181 00:41:20,160 --> 00:41:22,710 this water issue and the absence of of the 2182 00:41:22,710 --> 00:41:22,720 issue and the absence of of the 2183 00:41:22,720 --> 00:41:25,270 issue and the absence of of the observation of water 2184 00:41:25,270 --> 00:41:25,280 observation of water 2185 00:41:25,280 --> 00:41:28,710 observation of water can you explain just historically how 2186 00:41:28,710 --> 00:41:28,720 can you explain just historically how 2187 00:41:28,720 --> 00:41:32,470 can you explain just historically how astronomers in the past decades deduced 2188 00:41:32,470 --> 00:41:32,480 astronomers in the past decades deduced 2189 00:41:32,480 --> 00:41:36,630 astronomers in the past decades deduced that there was a band of water 50 to 100 2190 00:41:36,630 --> 00:41:36,640 that there was a band of water 50 to 100 2191 00:41:36,640 --> 00:41:38,309 that there was a band of water 50 to 100 kilometers deep into jupiter's 2192 00:41:38,309 --> 00:41:38,319 kilometers deep into jupiter's 2193 00:41:38,319 --> 00:41:40,230 kilometers deep into jupiter's atmosphere 2194 00:41:40,230 --> 00:41:40,240 atmosphere 2195 00:41:40,240 --> 00:41:42,790 atmosphere and that now when you're not seeing it 2196 00:41:42,790 --> 00:41:42,800 and that now when you're not seeing it 2197 00:41:42,800 --> 00:41:44,870 and that now when you're not seeing it obviously 2198 00:41:44,870 --> 00:41:44,880 obviously 2199 00:41:44,880 --> 00:41:46,870 obviously after all of these impacts does that not 2200 00:41:46,870 --> 00:41:46,880 after all of these impacts does that not 2201 00:41:46,880 --> 00:41:48,870 after all of these impacts does that not suggest that there are 2202 00:41:48,870 --> 00:41:48,880 suggest that there are 2203 00:41:48,880 --> 00:41:51,270 suggest that there are four options here one that there is no 2204 00:41:51,270 --> 00:41:51,280 four options here one that there is no 2205 00:41:51,280 --> 00:41:53,030 four options here one that there is no water there 2206 00:41:53,030 --> 00:41:53,040 water there 2207 00:41:53,040 --> 00:41:56,309 water there or secondly that uh these things are 2208 00:41:56,309 --> 00:41:56,319 or secondly that uh these things are 2209 00:41:56,319 --> 00:41:57,190 or secondly that uh these things are exploding 2210 00:41:57,190 --> 00:41:57,200 exploding 2211 00:41:57,200 --> 00:41:59,510 exploding higher in the atmosphere and not going 2212 00:41:59,510 --> 00:41:59,520 higher in the atmosphere and not going 2213 00:41:59,520 --> 00:42:01,190 higher in the atmosphere and not going deep in 2214 00:42:01,190 --> 00:42:01,200 deep in 2215 00:42:01,200 --> 00:42:03,349 deep in or that the impactors themselves are 2216 00:42:03,349 --> 00:42:03,359 or that the impactors themselves are 2217 00:42:03,359 --> 00:42:04,309 or that the impactors themselves are much smaller 2218 00:42:04,309 --> 00:42:04,319 much smaller 2219 00:42:04,319 --> 00:42:06,230 much smaller and therefore disintegrating before it 2220 00:42:06,230 --> 00:42:06,240 and therefore disintegrating before it 2221 00:42:06,240 --> 00:42:09,750 and therefore disintegrating before it reaches the 50 to 100 kilometer 2222 00:42:09,750 --> 00:42:09,760 reaches the 50 to 100 kilometer 2223 00:42:09,760 --> 00:42:13,109 reaches the 50 to 100 kilometer range or lastly that the black clouds 2224 00:42:13,109 --> 00:42:13,119 range or lastly that the black clouds 2225 00:42:13,119 --> 00:42:16,550 range or lastly that the black clouds are masking the material that is ejected 2226 00:42:16,550 --> 00:42:16,560 are masking the material that is ejected 2227 00:42:16,560 --> 00:42:16,950 are masking the material that is ejected the 2228 00:42:16,950 --> 00:42:16,960 the 2229 00:42:16,960 --> 00:42:18,870 the the water that may be ejected and that 2230 00:42:18,870 --> 00:42:18,880 the water that may be ejected and that 2231 00:42:18,880 --> 00:42:21,829 the water that may be ejected and that the black clouds is commentary material 2232 00:42:21,829 --> 00:42:21,839 the black clouds is commentary material 2233 00:42:21,839 --> 00:42:24,470 the black clouds is commentary material which of those theories are well say yes 2234 00:42:24,470 --> 00:42:24,480 which of those theories are well say yes 2235 00:42:24,480 --> 00:42:27,190 which of those theories are well say yes to the first three 2236 00:42:27,190 --> 00:42:27,200 to the first three 2237 00:42:27,200 --> 00:42:29,430 to the first three okay would you would you take it first 2238 00:42:29,430 --> 00:42:29,440 okay would you would you take it first 2239 00:42:29,440 --> 00:42:31,670 okay would you would you take it first how how it was deduced before we had 2240 00:42:31,670 --> 00:42:31,680 how how it was deduced before we had 2241 00:42:31,680 --> 00:42:32,550 how how it was deduced before we had this experience 2242 00:42:32,550 --> 00:42:32,560 this experience 2243 00:42:32,560 --> 00:42:34,790 this experience right don't blame the astronomers for 2244 00:42:34,790 --> 00:42:34,800 right don't blame the astronomers for 2245 00:42:34,800 --> 00:42:35,829 right don't blame the astronomers for this 2246 00:42:35,829 --> 00:42:35,839 this 2247 00:42:35,839 --> 00:42:40,790 this blame the chemist 2248 00:42:40,790 --> 00:42:40,800 2249 00:42:40,800 --> 00:42:42,950 basically if you assume that jupiter was 2250 00:42:42,950 --> 00:42:42,960 basically if you assume that jupiter was 2251 00:42:42,960 --> 00:42:44,230 basically if you assume that jupiter was made out of the same 2252 00:42:44,230 --> 00:42:44,240 made out of the same 2253 00:42:44,240 --> 00:42:47,750 made out of the same thing that the sun was and you 2254 00:42:47,750 --> 00:42:47,760 thing that the sun was and you 2255 00:42:47,760 --> 00:42:50,870 thing that the sun was and you do the the chemistry 2256 00:42:50,870 --> 00:42:50,880 do the the chemistry 2257 00:42:50,880 --> 00:42:54,150 do the the chemistry you realize that when you're going 2258 00:42:54,150 --> 00:42:54,160 you realize that when you're going 2259 00:42:54,160 --> 00:42:55,910 you realize that when you're going into the planet when you reach certain 2260 00:42:55,910 --> 00:42:55,920 into the planet when you reach certain 2261 00:42:55,920 --> 00:42:57,829 into the planet when you reach certain temperature the ammonia ice will freeze 2262 00:42:57,829 --> 00:42:57,839 temperature the ammonia ice will freeze 2263 00:42:57,839 --> 00:42:59,910 temperature the ammonia ice will freeze out 2264 00:42:59,910 --> 00:42:59,920 out 2265 00:42:59,920 --> 00:43:02,230 out and if you go below that the ammonia ice 2266 00:43:02,230 --> 00:43:02,240 and if you go below that the ammonia ice 2267 00:43:02,240 --> 00:43:03,670 and if you go below that the ammonia ice will be gaseous 2268 00:43:03,670 --> 00:43:03,680 will be gaseous 2269 00:43:03,680 --> 00:43:05,910 will be gaseous but as you continue down doing doing 2270 00:43:05,910 --> 00:43:05,920 but as you continue down doing doing 2271 00:43:05,920 --> 00:43:08,550 but as you continue down doing doing your equilibrium chemistry study your 2272 00:43:08,550 --> 00:43:08,560 your equilibrium chemistry study your 2273 00:43:08,560 --> 00:43:10,950 your equilibrium chemistry study your balanced chemistry studies 2274 00:43:10,950 --> 00:43:10,960 balanced chemistry studies 2275 00:43:10,960 --> 00:43:13,750 balanced chemistry studies you get to another layer where if there 2276 00:43:13,750 --> 00:43:13,760 you get to another layer where if there 2277 00:43:13,760 --> 00:43:14,069 you get to another layer where if there is 2278 00:43:14,069 --> 00:43:14,079 is 2279 00:43:14,079 --> 00:43:17,670 is hydrogen disulfide and ammonia there 2280 00:43:17,670 --> 00:43:17,680 hydrogen disulfide and ammonia there 2281 00:43:17,680 --> 00:43:19,670 hydrogen disulfide and ammonia there they will combine and make a new kind of 2282 00:43:19,670 --> 00:43:19,680 they will combine and make a new kind of 2283 00:43:19,680 --> 00:43:20,550 they will combine and make a new kind of ice 2284 00:43:20,550 --> 00:43:20,560 ice 2285 00:43:20,560 --> 00:43:22,870 ice and finally as you go deeper and deeper 2286 00:43:22,870 --> 00:43:22,880 and finally as you go deeper and deeper 2287 00:43:22,880 --> 00:43:25,030 and finally as you go deeper and deeper into this planet that actually 2288 00:43:25,030 --> 00:43:25,040 into this planet that actually 2289 00:43:25,040 --> 00:43:29,270 into this planet that actually sends up 165 percent more energy than it 2290 00:43:29,270 --> 00:43:29,280 sends up 165 percent more energy than it 2291 00:43:29,280 --> 00:43:30,870 sends up 165 percent more energy than it absorbs from the sun 2292 00:43:30,870 --> 00:43:30,880 absorbs from the sun 2293 00:43:30,880 --> 00:43:32,710 absorbs from the sun to get down to those deeper temperatures 2294 00:43:32,710 --> 00:43:32,720 to get down to those deeper temperatures 2295 00:43:32,720 --> 00:43:34,790 to get down to those deeper temperatures you finally get down there to where 2296 00:43:34,790 --> 00:43:34,800 you finally get down there to where 2297 00:43:34,800 --> 00:43:36,790 you finally get down there to where the temperature is about zero degrees 2298 00:43:36,790 --> 00:43:36,800 the temperature is about zero degrees 2299 00:43:36,800 --> 00:43:38,309 the temperature is about zero degrees centigrade 2300 00:43:38,309 --> 00:43:38,319 centigrade 2301 00:43:38,319 --> 00:43:40,790 centigrade and then you're going to have water if 2302 00:43:40,790 --> 00:43:40,800 and then you're going to have water if 2303 00:43:40,800 --> 00:43:42,150 and then you're going to have water if there's any oxygen 2304 00:43:42,150 --> 00:43:42,160 there's any oxygen 2305 00:43:42,160 --> 00:43:43,829 there's any oxygen because you've got hydrogen all the way 2306 00:43:43,829 --> 00:43:43,839 because you've got hydrogen all the way 2307 00:43:43,839 --> 00:43:46,150 because you've got hydrogen all the way through now 2308 00:43:46,150 --> 00:43:46,160 through now 2309 00:43:46,160 --> 00:43:49,030 through now an obvious reason that we are not seeing 2310 00:43:49,030 --> 00:43:49,040 an obvious reason that we are not seeing 2311 00:43:49,040 --> 00:43:51,990 an obvious reason that we are not seeing this water is we didn't get down to it 2312 00:43:51,990 --> 00:43:52,000 this water is we didn't get down to it 2313 00:43:52,000 --> 00:43:55,270 this water is we didn't get down to it and that's an easy one but we then must 2314 00:43:55,270 --> 00:43:55,280 and that's an easy one but we then must 2315 00:43:55,280 --> 00:43:57,510 and that's an easy one but we then must look very carefully at all the spectra 2316 00:43:57,510 --> 00:43:57,520 look very carefully at all the spectra 2317 00:43:57,520 --> 00:43:59,030 look very carefully at all the spectra get identify 2318 00:43:59,030 --> 00:43:59,040 get identify 2319 00:43:59,040 --> 00:44:02,150 get identify all of the molecules and try to get a 2320 00:44:02,150 --> 00:44:02,160 all of the molecules and try to get a 2321 00:44:02,160 --> 00:44:03,990 all of the molecules and try to get a self-consistent idea and again 2322 00:44:03,990 --> 00:44:04,000 self-consistent idea and again 2323 00:44:04,000 --> 00:44:06,630 self-consistent idea and again the chemists are going to come back and 2324 00:44:06,630 --> 00:44:06,640 the chemists are going to come back and 2325 00:44:06,640 --> 00:44:07,829 the chemists are going to come back and take over in the final 2326 00:44:07,829 --> 00:44:07,839 take over in the final 2327 00:44:07,839 --> 00:44:10,790 take over in the final analysis and tell us whether we're right 2328 00:44:10,790 --> 00:44:10,800 analysis and tell us whether we're right 2329 00:44:10,800 --> 00:44:11,270 analysis and tell us whether we're right that's 2330 00:44:11,270 --> 00:44:11,280 that's 2331 00:44:11,280 --> 00:44:12,870 that's one of the very nice things about 2332 00:44:12,870 --> 00:44:12,880 one of the very nice things about 2333 00:44:12,880 --> 00:44:15,270 one of the very nice things about studying planetary science we have 2334 00:44:15,270 --> 00:44:15,280 studying planetary science we have 2335 00:44:15,280 --> 00:44:15,750 studying planetary science we have enough 2336 00:44:15,750 --> 00:44:15,760 enough 2337 00:44:15,760 --> 00:44:18,790 enough different types of data that 2338 00:44:18,790 --> 00:44:18,800 different types of data that 2339 00:44:18,800 --> 00:44:21,109 different types of data that the astronomer goes out and gets it and 2340 00:44:21,109 --> 00:44:21,119 the astronomer goes out and gets it and 2341 00:44:21,119 --> 00:44:23,190 the astronomer goes out and gets it and then the chemist and the meteorologist 2342 00:44:23,190 --> 00:44:23,200 then the chemist and the meteorologist 2343 00:44:23,200 --> 00:44:24,950 then the chemist and the meteorologist and everybody else tells us we're wrong 2344 00:44:24,950 --> 00:44:24,960 and everybody else tells us we're wrong 2345 00:44:24,960 --> 00:44:26,790 and everybody else tells us we're wrong and starts working on new models that 2346 00:44:26,790 --> 00:44:26,800 and starts working on new models that 2347 00:44:26,800 --> 00:44:28,710 and starts working on new models that improve it 2348 00:44:28,710 --> 00:44:28,720 improve it 2349 00:44:28,720 --> 00:44:31,670 improve it so at this point in time i tend to favor 2350 00:44:31,670 --> 00:44:31,680 so at this point in time i tend to favor 2351 00:44:31,680 --> 00:44:32,230 so at this point in time i tend to favor that we 2352 00:44:32,230 --> 00:44:32,240 that we 2353 00:44:32,240 --> 00:44:35,430 that we didn't reach the water level but that 2354 00:44:35,430 --> 00:44:35,440 didn't reach the water level but that 2355 00:44:35,440 --> 00:44:36,390 didn't reach the water level but that water 2356 00:44:36,390 --> 00:44:36,400 water 2357 00:44:36,400 --> 00:44:38,950 water level is sort of a nebulous little thing 2358 00:44:38,950 --> 00:44:38,960 level is sort of a nebulous little thing 2359 00:44:38,960 --> 00:44:41,030 level is sort of a nebulous little thing it ought to be there but we really have 2360 00:44:41,030 --> 00:44:41,040 it ought to be there but we really have 2361 00:44:41,040 --> 00:44:44,309 it ought to be there but we really have never got a good sounding of it 2362 00:44:44,309 --> 00:44:44,319 never got a good sounding of it 2363 00:44:44,319 --> 00:44:47,349 never got a good sounding of it so i just to encapsulate it is the 2364 00:44:47,349 --> 00:44:47,359 so i just to encapsulate it is the 2365 00:44:47,359 --> 00:44:49,589 so i just to encapsulate it is the historical view that there is a band of 2366 00:44:49,589 --> 00:44:49,599 historical view that there is a band of 2367 00:44:49,599 --> 00:44:49,990 historical view that there is a band of water 2368 00:44:49,990 --> 00:44:50,000 water 2369 00:44:50,000 --> 00:44:53,670 water 50 to 100 yes is that in jeopardy 2370 00:44:53,670 --> 00:44:53,680 50 to 100 yes is that in jeopardy 2371 00:44:53,680 --> 00:44:57,750 50 to 100 yes is that in jeopardy that theory no i don't think so 2372 00:44:57,750 --> 00:44:57,760 that theory no i don't think so 2373 00:44:57,760 --> 00:44:59,589 that theory no i don't think so unless when we've worked this out we 2374 00:44:59,589 --> 00:44:59,599 unless when we've worked this out we 2375 00:44:59,599 --> 00:45:01,829 unless when we've worked this out we decide that they had to penetrate that 2376 00:45:01,829 --> 00:45:01,839 decide that they had to penetrate that 2377 00:45:01,839 --> 00:45:02,710 decide that they had to penetrate that deep 2378 00:45:02,710 --> 00:45:02,720 deep 2379 00:45:02,720 --> 00:45:04,950 deep then we'll have to raise that question 2380 00:45:04,950 --> 00:45:04,960 then we'll have to raise that question 2381 00:45:04,960 --> 00:45:07,030 then we'll have to raise that question and if that's the case then in december 2382 00:45:07,030 --> 00:45:07,040 and if that's the case then in december 2383 00:45:07,040 --> 00:45:07,829 and if that's the case then in december of 95 2384 00:45:07,829 --> 00:45:07,839 of 95 2385 00:45:07,839 --> 00:45:10,550 of 95 the galileo probe goes in and we get 2386 00:45:10,550 --> 00:45:10,560 the galileo probe goes in and we get 2387 00:45:10,560 --> 00:45:13,510 the galileo probe goes in and we get another crack at answering it 2388 00:45:13,510 --> 00:45:13,520 another crack at answering it 2389 00:45:13,520 --> 00:45:16,550 another crack at answering it miles and we'll come back to this side 2390 00:45:16,550 --> 00:45:16,560 miles and we'll come back to this side 2391 00:45:16,560 --> 00:45:18,230 miles and we'll come back to this side miles o'brien with cnn and this would be 2392 00:45:18,230 --> 00:45:18,240 miles o'brien with cnn and this would be 2393 00:45:18,240 --> 00:45:19,589 miles o'brien with cnn and this would be for anybody who wants to take it there's 2394 00:45:19,589 --> 00:45:19,599 for anybody who wants to take it there's 2395 00:45:19,599 --> 00:45:20,309 for anybody who wants to take it there's a report out 2396 00:45:20,309 --> 00:45:20,319 a report out 2397 00:45:20,319 --> 00:45:22,790 a report out of australia this morning that observers 2398 00:45:22,790 --> 00:45:22,800 of australia this morning that observers 2399 00:45:22,800 --> 00:45:24,230 of australia this morning that observers there actually saw 2400 00:45:24,230 --> 00:45:24,240 there actually saw 2401 00:45:24,240 --> 00:45:27,109 there actually saw a flash in the ring of jupiter uh 2402 00:45:27,109 --> 00:45:27,119 a flash in the ring of jupiter uh 2403 00:45:27,119 --> 00:45:27,829 a flash in the ring of jupiter uh question is 2404 00:45:27,829 --> 00:45:27,839 question is 2405 00:45:27,839 --> 00:45:29,589 question is are you surprised that we haven't seen 2406 00:45:29,589 --> 00:45:29,599 are you surprised that we haven't seen 2407 00:45:29,599 --> 00:45:32,069 are you surprised that we haven't seen more of these observations before 2408 00:45:32,069 --> 00:45:32,079 more of these observations before 2409 00:45:32,079 --> 00:45:35,109 more of these observations before and what did you hope to learn from the 2410 00:45:35,109 --> 00:45:35,119 and what did you hope to learn from the 2411 00:45:35,119 --> 00:45:37,109 and what did you hope to learn from the flash sightings indirectly in the first 2412 00:45:37,109 --> 00:45:37,119 flash sightings indirectly in the first 2413 00:45:37,119 --> 00:45:38,870 flash sightings indirectly in the first place 2414 00:45:38,870 --> 00:45:38,880 place 2415 00:45:38,880 --> 00:45:40,870 place well for one should remember seeing the 2416 00:45:40,870 --> 00:45:40,880 well for one should remember seeing the 2417 00:45:40,880 --> 00:45:43,270 well for one should remember seeing the ring of jupiter is a bit of a feat 2418 00:45:43,270 --> 00:45:43,280 ring of jupiter is a bit of a feat 2419 00:45:43,280 --> 00:45:46,150 ring of jupiter is a bit of a feat in itself it was of course discovered 2420 00:45:46,150 --> 00:45:46,160 in itself it was of course discovered 2421 00:45:46,160 --> 00:45:48,550 in itself it was of course discovered with voyager 1 2422 00:45:48,550 --> 00:45:48,560 with voyager 1 2423 00:45:48,560 --> 00:45:51,030 with voyager 1 and only later was it actually seen from 2424 00:45:51,030 --> 00:45:51,040 and only later was it actually seen from 2425 00:45:51,040 --> 00:45:52,309 and only later was it actually seen from telescopes on the ground 2426 00:45:52,309 --> 00:45:52,319 telescopes on the ground 2427 00:45:52,319 --> 00:45:55,270 telescopes on the ground mostly you need a pretty big telescope 2428 00:45:55,270 --> 00:45:55,280 mostly you need a pretty big telescope 2429 00:45:55,280 --> 00:45:55,829 mostly you need a pretty big telescope and 2430 00:45:55,829 --> 00:45:55,839 and 2431 00:45:55,839 --> 00:45:58,790 and the best trick is to look uh in an in an 2432 00:45:58,790 --> 00:45:58,800 the best trick is to look uh in an in an 2433 00:45:58,800 --> 00:45:59,750 the best trick is to look uh in an in an ammonia ban 2434 00:45:59,750 --> 00:45:59,760 ammonia ban 2435 00:45:59,760 --> 00:46:02,710 ammonia ban excuse me a methane band so that you can 2436 00:46:02,710 --> 00:46:02,720 excuse me a methane band so that you can 2437 00:46:02,720 --> 00:46:04,390 excuse me a methane band so that you can reduce the light of jupiter 2438 00:46:04,390 --> 00:46:04,400 reduce the light of jupiter 2439 00:46:04,400 --> 00:46:06,630 reduce the light of jupiter but where the ring might be bright that 2440 00:46:06,630 --> 00:46:06,640 but where the ring might be bright that 2441 00:46:06,640 --> 00:46:08,710 but where the ring might be bright that was being observed i should say a 2442 00:46:08,710 --> 00:46:08,720 was being observed i should say a 2443 00:46:08,720 --> 00:46:10,470 was being observed i should say a palomar observatory with a 200 inch 2444 00:46:10,470 --> 00:46:10,480 palomar observatory with a 200 inch 2445 00:46:10,480 --> 00:46:11,589 palomar observatory with a 200 inch telescope 2446 00:46:11,589 --> 00:46:11,599 telescope 2447 00:46:11,599 --> 00:46:13,510 telescope the anglo-australian telescope is 2448 00:46:13,510 --> 00:46:13,520 the anglo-australian telescope is 2449 00:46:13,520 --> 00:46:15,750 the anglo-australian telescope is another good one to do this experiment 2450 00:46:15,750 --> 00:46:15,760 another good one to do this experiment 2451 00:46:15,760 --> 00:46:18,390 another good one to do this experiment but it's difficult what one really hopes 2452 00:46:18,390 --> 00:46:18,400 but it's difficult what one really hopes 2453 00:46:18,400 --> 00:46:19,190 but it's difficult what one really hopes to see 2454 00:46:19,190 --> 00:46:19,200 to see 2455 00:46:19,200 --> 00:46:21,589 to see since the ring is in close however it's 2456 00:46:21,589 --> 00:46:21,599 since the ring is in close however it's 2457 00:46:21,599 --> 00:46:22,710 since the ring is in close however it's really faint 2458 00:46:22,710 --> 00:46:22,720 really faint 2459 00:46:22,720 --> 00:46:25,910 really faint the ring is in close if you can capture 2460 00:46:25,910 --> 00:46:25,920 the ring is in close if you can capture 2461 00:46:25,920 --> 00:46:27,750 the ring is in close if you can capture the flash of the initial entry meteor 2462 00:46:27,750 --> 00:46:27,760 the flash of the initial entry meteor 2463 00:46:27,760 --> 00:46:29,589 the flash of the initial entry meteor that was one way we could 2464 00:46:29,589 --> 00:46:29,599 that was one way we could 2465 00:46:29,599 --> 00:46:31,910 that was one way we could by observations on the ground determine 2466 00:46:31,910 --> 00:46:31,920 by observations on the ground determine 2467 00:46:31,920 --> 00:46:33,190 by observations on the ground determine the actual moment 2468 00:46:33,190 --> 00:46:33,200 the actual moment 2469 00:46:33,200 --> 00:46:35,750 the actual moment of entry into the atmosphere that those 2470 00:46:35,750 --> 00:46:35,760 of entry into the atmosphere that those 2471 00:46:35,760 --> 00:46:37,589 of entry into the atmosphere that those first few seconds 2472 00:46:37,589 --> 00:46:37,599 first few seconds 2473 00:46:37,599 --> 00:46:39,349 first few seconds as the meteor is just plunging in the 2474 00:46:39,349 --> 00:46:39,359 as the meteor is just plunging in the 2475 00:46:39,359 --> 00:46:41,190 as the meteor is just plunging in the upper atmosphere we're hoping i should 2476 00:46:41,190 --> 00:46:41,200 upper atmosphere we're hoping i should 2477 00:46:41,200 --> 00:46:42,710 upper atmosphere we're hoping i should get a timing on that of course it gets 2478 00:46:42,710 --> 00:46:42,720 get a timing on that of course it gets 2479 00:46:42,720 --> 00:46:44,230 get a timing on that of course it gets them very bright as it approaches the 2480 00:46:44,230 --> 00:46:44,240 them very bright as it approaches the 2481 00:46:44,240 --> 00:46:45,349 them very bright as it approaches the ammonia clouds 2482 00:46:45,349 --> 00:46:45,359 ammonia clouds 2483 00:46:45,359 --> 00:46:48,309 ammonia clouds so being a that times the actual impact 2484 00:46:48,309 --> 00:46:48,319 so being a that times the actual impact 2485 00:46:48,319 --> 00:46:50,069 so being a that times the actual impact for us and that's an important thing to 2486 00:46:50,069 --> 00:46:50,079 for us and that's an important thing to 2487 00:46:50,079 --> 00:46:50,550 for us and that's an important thing to do 2488 00:46:50,550 --> 00:46:50,560 do 2489 00:46:50,560 --> 00:46:52,230 do it's a delight we heard this morning 2490 00:46:52,230 --> 00:46:52,240 it's a delight we heard this morning 2491 00:46:52,240 --> 00:46:53,589 it's a delight we heard this morning that they're actually seeing those 2492 00:46:53,589 --> 00:46:53,599 that they're actually seeing those 2493 00:46:53,599 --> 00:46:55,190 that they're actually seeing those flashes now 2494 00:46:55,190 --> 00:46:55,200 flashes now 2495 00:46:55,200 --> 00:46:58,390 flashes now and picking them up i think that's very 2496 00:46:58,390 --> 00:46:58,400 and picking them up i think that's very 2497 00:46:58,400 --> 00:47:01,670 and picking them up i think that's very important 2498 00:47:01,670 --> 00:47:01,680 2499 00:47:01,680 --> 00:47:03,349 that people thought you might see 2500 00:47:03,349 --> 00:47:03,359 that people thought you might see 2501 00:47:03,359 --> 00:47:04,950 that people thought you might see flashes and it was also some of the 2502 00:47:04,950 --> 00:47:04,960 flashes and it was also some of the 2503 00:47:04,960 --> 00:47:06,870 flashes and it was also some of the satellites and i might be mistaken but i 2504 00:47:06,870 --> 00:47:06,880 satellites and i might be mistaken but i 2505 00:47:06,880 --> 00:47:08,710 satellites and i might be mistaken but i don't think i've heard many reports of 2506 00:47:08,710 --> 00:47:08,720 don't think i've heard many reports of 2507 00:47:08,720 --> 00:47:10,069 don't think i've heard many reports of flashes being observable in the 2508 00:47:10,069 --> 00:47:10,079 flashes being observable in the 2509 00:47:10,079 --> 00:47:11,910 flashes being observable in the satellites right i can 2510 00:47:11,910 --> 00:47:11,920 satellites right i can 2511 00:47:11,920 --> 00:47:14,710 satellites right i can i can speak to that miles um there have 2512 00:47:14,710 --> 00:47:14,720 i can speak to that miles um there have 2513 00:47:14,720 --> 00:47:15,349 i can speak to that miles um there have i have 2514 00:47:15,349 --> 00:47:15,359 i have 2515 00:47:15,359 --> 00:47:18,790 i have four negative reports of 2516 00:47:18,790 --> 00:47:18,800 four negative reports of 2517 00:47:18,800 --> 00:47:22,069 four negative reports of uh the absence of flashes observed off 2518 00:47:22,069 --> 00:47:22,079 uh the absence of flashes observed off 2519 00:47:22,079 --> 00:47:24,309 uh the absence of flashes observed off as reflected off of the satellites of 2520 00:47:24,309 --> 00:47:24,319 as reflected off of the satellites of 2521 00:47:24,319 --> 00:47:25,670 as reflected off of the satellites of jupiter so 2522 00:47:25,670 --> 00:47:25,680 jupiter so 2523 00:47:25,680 --> 00:47:30,069 jupiter so the people have looked for 2524 00:47:30,069 --> 00:47:30,079 2525 00:47:30,079 --> 00:47:41,750 everything was that yes 2526 00:47:41,750 --> 00:47:41,760 2527 00:47:41,760 --> 00:47:44,230 um people people have looked for 2528 00:47:44,230 --> 00:47:44,240 um people people have looked for 2529 00:47:44,240 --> 00:47:46,630 um people people have looked for evidence of flashes off of the galilean 2530 00:47:46,630 --> 00:47:46,640 evidence of flashes off of the galilean 2531 00:47:46,640 --> 00:47:47,430 evidence of flashes off of the galilean satellites 2532 00:47:47,430 --> 00:47:47,440 satellites 2533 00:47:47,440 --> 00:47:49,270 satellites the reflection from the flash as it 2534 00:47:49,270 --> 00:47:49,280 the reflection from the flash as it 2535 00:47:49,280 --> 00:47:51,510 the reflection from the flash as it impacts jupiter 2536 00:47:51,510 --> 00:47:51,520 impacts jupiter 2537 00:47:51,520 --> 00:47:54,790 impacts jupiter they have reported not seeing that so um 2538 00:47:54,790 --> 00:47:54,800 they have reported not seeing that so um 2539 00:47:54,800 --> 00:47:57,270 they have reported not seeing that so um that has that has not happened and and 2540 00:47:57,270 --> 00:47:57,280 that has that has not happened and and 2541 00:47:57,280 --> 00:47:58,790 that has that has not happened and and i'd like to talk to you later about 2542 00:47:58,790 --> 00:47:58,800 i'd like to talk to you later about 2543 00:47:58,800 --> 00:48:00,309 i'd like to talk to you later about seeing flashes off the rings because 2544 00:48:00,309 --> 00:48:00,319 seeing flashes off the rings because 2545 00:48:00,319 --> 00:48:01,589 seeing flashes off the rings because they were trying they were looking for 2546 00:48:01,589 --> 00:48:01,599 they were trying they were looking for 2547 00:48:01,599 --> 00:48:02,390 they were trying they were looking for that and 2548 00:48:02,390 --> 00:48:02,400 that and 2549 00:48:02,400 --> 00:48:11,190 that and you're ahead of your of reading the 2550 00:48:11,190 --> 00:48:11,200 2551 00:48:11,200 --> 00:48:14,390 candidate was k because 2552 00:48:14,390 --> 00:48:14,400 candidate was k because 2553 00:48:14,400 --> 00:48:17,510 candidate was k because europa was in shadow those observations 2554 00:48:17,510 --> 00:48:17,520 europa was in shadow those observations 2555 00:48:17,520 --> 00:48:18,549 europa was in shadow those observations were going to be made 2556 00:48:18,549 --> 00:48:18,559 were going to be made 2557 00:48:18,559 --> 00:48:20,710 were going to be made mostly in australia uh could have been 2558 00:48:20,710 --> 00:48:20,720 mostly in australia uh could have been 2559 00:48:20,720 --> 00:48:22,790 mostly in australia uh could have been made in hawaii that's the region 2560 00:48:22,790 --> 00:48:22,800 made in hawaii that's the region 2561 00:48:22,800 --> 00:48:24,710 made in hawaii that's the region and i haven't heard they were made and 2562 00:48:24,710 --> 00:48:24,720 and i haven't heard they were made and 2563 00:48:24,720 --> 00:48:26,069 and i haven't heard they were made and they reported negative 2564 00:48:26,069 --> 00:48:26,079 they reported negative 2565 00:48:26,079 --> 00:48:28,549 they reported negative not seeing anything there is one 2566 00:48:28,549 --> 00:48:28,559 not seeing anything there is one 2567 00:48:28,559 --> 00:48:30,790 not seeing anything there is one probable observation of a flash 2568 00:48:30,790 --> 00:48:30,800 probable observation of a flash 2569 00:48:30,800 --> 00:48:34,309 probable observation of a flash from uh israel of a flash reflected on 2570 00:48:34,309 --> 00:48:34,319 from uh israel of a flash reflected on 2571 00:48:34,319 --> 00:48:34,870 from uh israel of a flash reflected on europa 2572 00:48:34,870 --> 00:48:34,880 europa 2573 00:48:34,880 --> 00:48:39,670 europa uh one of the satellites it is a 0.06 2574 00:48:39,670 --> 00:48:39,680 uh one of the satellites it is a 0.06 2575 00:48:39,680 --> 00:48:42,150 uh one of the satellites it is a 0.06 magnitude uh six hundredths of a 2576 00:48:42,150 --> 00:48:42,160 magnitude uh six hundredths of a 2577 00:48:42,160 --> 00:48:42,870 magnitude uh six hundredths of a magnitude 2578 00:48:42,870 --> 00:48:42,880 magnitude 2579 00:48:42,880 --> 00:48:45,270 magnitude increase right yeah it's listed as a 2580 00:48:45,270 --> 00:48:45,280 increase right yeah it's listed as a 2581 00:48:45,280 --> 00:48:47,030 increase right yeah it's listed as a probable though not a definite 2582 00:48:47,030 --> 00:48:47,040 probable though not a definite 2583 00:48:47,040 --> 00:48:48,870 probable though not a definite rita you had something you wanted to add 2584 00:48:48,870 --> 00:48:48,880 rita you had something you wanted to add 2585 00:48:48,880 --> 00:48:50,870 rita you had something you wanted to add to this a second reason for wanting to 2586 00:48:50,870 --> 00:48:50,880 to this a second reason for wanting to 2587 00:48:50,880 --> 00:48:52,950 to this a second reason for wanting to see the fireball is that you know 2588 00:48:52,950 --> 00:48:52,960 see the fireball is that you know 2589 00:48:52,960 --> 00:48:55,190 see the fireball is that you know how far the ring is from the surface of 2590 00:48:55,190 --> 00:48:55,200 how far the ring is from the surface of 2591 00:48:55,200 --> 00:48:56,870 how far the ring is from the surface of jupiter and if you can measure the 2592 00:48:56,870 --> 00:48:56,880 jupiter and if you can measure the 2593 00:48:56,880 --> 00:48:58,390 jupiter and if you can measure the increase of brightness 2594 00:48:58,390 --> 00:48:58,400 increase of brightness 2595 00:48:58,400 --> 00:49:01,589 increase of brightness off of that ring surface and 2596 00:49:01,589 --> 00:49:01,599 off of that ring surface and 2597 00:49:01,599 --> 00:49:03,910 off of that ring surface and you have a little an idea of the 2598 00:49:03,910 --> 00:49:03,920 you have a little an idea of the 2599 00:49:03,920 --> 00:49:05,910 you have a little an idea of the particle density in that ring from the 2600 00:49:05,910 --> 00:49:05,920 particle density in that ring from the 2601 00:49:05,920 --> 00:49:09,430 particle density in that ring from the voyager data how thick the stuff is then 2602 00:49:09,430 --> 00:49:09,440 voyager data how thick the stuff is then 2603 00:49:09,440 --> 00:49:12,390 voyager data how thick the stuff is then you would have a measure of the fireball 2604 00:49:12,390 --> 00:49:12,400 you would have a measure of the fireball 2605 00:49:12,400 --> 00:49:14,069 you would have a measure of the fireball itself we haven't been seeing the 2606 00:49:14,069 --> 00:49:14,079 itself we haven't been seeing the 2607 00:49:14,079 --> 00:49:14,950 itself we haven't been seeing the fireball 2608 00:49:14,950 --> 00:49:14,960 fireball 2609 00:49:14,960 --> 00:49:17,030 fireball and had you gotten a sequence of these 2610 00:49:17,030 --> 00:49:17,040 and had you gotten a sequence of these 2611 00:49:17,040 --> 00:49:18,870 and had you gotten a sequence of these even though you didn't understand the 2612 00:49:18,870 --> 00:49:18,880 even though you didn't understand the 2613 00:49:18,880 --> 00:49:20,470 even though you didn't understand the ring 2614 00:49:20,470 --> 00:49:20,480 ring 2615 00:49:20,480 --> 00:49:22,549 ring the difference in brightness would give 2616 00:49:22,549 --> 00:49:22,559 the difference in brightness would give 2617 00:49:22,559 --> 00:49:23,750 the difference in brightness would give you 2618 00:49:23,750 --> 00:49:23,760 you 2619 00:49:23,760 --> 00:49:27,829 you this relative strengths of the fireballs 2620 00:49:27,829 --> 00:49:27,839 this relative strengths of the fireballs 2621 00:49:27,839 --> 00:49:29,670 this relative strengths of the fireballs when rita says fireball now she's 2622 00:49:29,670 --> 00:49:29,680 when rita says fireball now she's 2623 00:49:29,680 --> 00:49:31,670 when rita says fireball now she's meaning what's traditionally used as 2624 00:49:31,670 --> 00:49:31,680 meaning what's traditionally used as 2625 00:49:31,680 --> 00:49:34,390 meaning what's traditionally used as fireball for a very bright meteor 2626 00:49:34,390 --> 00:49:34,400 fireball for a very bright meteor 2627 00:49:34,400 --> 00:49:36,150 fireball for a very bright meteor that's right rather rather than the 2628 00:49:36,150 --> 00:49:36,160 that's right rather rather than the 2629 00:49:36,160 --> 00:49:38,309 that's right rather rather than the fireball we've been using it here in 2630 00:49:38,309 --> 00:49:38,319 fireball we've been using it here in 2631 00:49:38,319 --> 00:49:39,190 fireball we've been using it here in this group 2632 00:49:39,190 --> 00:49:39,200 this group 2633 00:49:39,200 --> 00:49:40,950 this group as as something formed deep in the 2634 00:49:40,950 --> 00:49:40,960 as as something formed deep in the 2635 00:49:40,960 --> 00:49:42,630 as as something formed deep in the atmosphere performing the plume i just 2636 00:49:42,630 --> 00:49:42,640 atmosphere performing the plume i just 2637 00:49:42,640 --> 00:49:44,470 atmosphere performing the plume i just wanted to clarify that 2638 00:49:44,470 --> 00:49:44,480 wanted to clarify that 2639 00:49:44,480 --> 00:49:47,670 wanted to clarify that yes this would be the initial flush 2640 00:49:47,670 --> 00:49:47,680 yes this would be the initial flush 2641 00:49:47,680 --> 00:49:49,910 yes this would be the initial flush which would be very closely related to 2642 00:49:49,910 --> 00:49:49,920 which would be very closely related to 2643 00:49:49,920 --> 00:49:52,710 which would be very closely related to the amount of energy that was going in 2644 00:49:52,710 --> 00:49:52,720 the amount of energy that was going in 2645 00:49:52,720 --> 00:49:54,470 the amount of energy that was going in it hasn't really even interacted with 2646 00:49:54,470 --> 00:49:54,480 it hasn't really even interacted with 2647 00:49:54,480 --> 00:49:56,470 it hasn't really even interacted with the atmosphere yet so it would be very 2648 00:49:56,470 --> 00:49:56,480 the atmosphere yet so it would be very 2649 00:49:56,480 --> 00:49:58,230 the atmosphere yet so it would be very fascinating to get a whole series of 2650 00:49:58,230 --> 00:49:58,240 fascinating to get a whole series of 2651 00:49:58,240 --> 00:49:59,589 fascinating to get a whole series of these flashes and then just 2652 00:49:59,589 --> 00:49:59,599 these flashes and then just 2653 00:49:59,599 --> 00:50:01,349 these flashes and then just well that one had the most energy and 2654 00:50:01,349 --> 00:50:01,359 well that one had the most energy and 2655 00:50:01,359 --> 00:50:02,710 well that one had the most energy and right well galileo's doing 2656 00:50:02,710 --> 00:50:02,720 right well galileo's doing 2657 00:50:02,720 --> 00:50:04,230 right well galileo's doing galileo is doing that the 2658 00:50:04,230 --> 00:50:04,240 galileo is doing that the 2659 00:50:04,240 --> 00:50:06,790 galileo is doing that the photopolarimeter radiometer on galileo 2660 00:50:06,790 --> 00:50:06,800 photopolarimeter radiometer on galileo 2661 00:50:06,800 --> 00:50:09,990 photopolarimeter radiometer on galileo will have that information we're going 2662 00:50:09,990 --> 00:50:10,000 will have that information we're going 2663 00:50:10,000 --> 00:50:11,270 will have that information we're going to have time for about one more 2664 00:50:11,270 --> 00:50:11,280 to have time for about one more 2665 00:50:11,280 --> 00:50:13,030 to have time for about one more question here and then we have to go to 2666 00:50:13,030 --> 00:50:13,040 question here and then we have to go to 2667 00:50:13,040 --> 00:50:14,390 question here and then we have to go to headquarters and 2668 00:50:14,390 --> 00:50:14,400 headquarters and 2669 00:50:14,400 --> 00:50:16,390 headquarters and we'll we'll have more time after the 2670 00:50:16,390 --> 00:50:16,400 we'll we'll have more time after the 2671 00:50:16,400 --> 00:50:17,990 we'll we'll have more time after the satellite goes 2672 00:50:17,990 --> 00:50:18,000 satellite goes 2673 00:50:18,000 --> 00:50:20,230 satellite goes uh david chandler from the boston globe 2674 00:50:20,230 --> 00:50:20,240 uh david chandler from the boston globe 2675 00:50:20,240 --> 00:50:21,510 uh david chandler from the boston globe for dr bibi 2676 00:50:21,510 --> 00:50:21,520 for dr bibi 2677 00:50:21,520 --> 00:50:25,990 for dr bibi um two questions um on the uh 2678 00:50:25,990 --> 00:50:26,000 um two questions um on the uh 2679 00:50:26,000 --> 00:50:29,510 um two questions um on the uh uh latest color image of the g 2680 00:50:29,510 --> 00:50:29,520 uh latest color image of the g 2681 00:50:29,520 --> 00:50:32,309 uh latest color image of the g impact site um how do you interpret that 2682 00:50:32,309 --> 00:50:32,319 impact site um how do you interpret that 2683 00:50:32,319 --> 00:50:34,230 impact site um how do you interpret that uh apparent sort of brownish color that 2684 00:50:34,230 --> 00:50:34,240 uh apparent sort of brownish color that 2685 00:50:34,240 --> 00:50:35,030 uh apparent sort of brownish color that we're seeing there 2686 00:50:35,030 --> 00:50:35,040 we're seeing there 2687 00:50:35,040 --> 00:50:36,630 we're seeing there or can we learn anything from that 2688 00:50:36,630 --> 00:50:36,640 or can we learn anything from that 2689 00:50:36,640 --> 00:50:38,390 or can we learn anything from that coloring and secondly 2690 00:50:38,390 --> 00:50:38,400 coloring and secondly 2691 00:50:38,400 --> 00:50:41,430 coloring and secondly um comparing the initial 2692 00:50:41,430 --> 00:50:41,440 um comparing the initial 2693 00:50:41,440 --> 00:50:44,069 um comparing the initial photos of the g impact site and the most 2694 00:50:44,069 --> 00:50:44,079 photos of the g impact site and the most 2695 00:50:44,079 --> 00:50:44,870 photos of the g impact site and the most recent ones 2696 00:50:44,870 --> 00:50:44,880 recent ones 2697 00:50:44,880 --> 00:50:46,710 recent ones what can you say about the evolution of 2698 00:50:46,710 --> 00:50:46,720 what can you say about the evolution of 2699 00:50:46,720 --> 00:50:49,349 what can you say about the evolution of that impact site 2700 00:50:49,349 --> 00:50:49,359 that impact site 2701 00:50:49,359 --> 00:50:51,190 that impact site well first of all this large feature 2702 00:50:51,190 --> 00:50:51,200 well first of all this large feature 2703 00:50:51,200 --> 00:50:52,549 well first of all this large feature we're seeing 2704 00:50:52,549 --> 00:50:52,559 we're seeing 2705 00:50:52,559 --> 00:50:56,390 we're seeing has to be high on the atmosphere because 2706 00:50:56,390 --> 00:50:56,400 has to be high on the atmosphere because 2707 00:50:56,400 --> 00:51:00,069 has to be high on the atmosphere because looking at the different the image in 2708 00:51:00,069 --> 00:51:00,079 looking at the different the image in 2709 00:51:00,079 --> 00:51:01,670 looking at the different the image in different colors 2710 00:51:01,670 --> 00:51:01,680 different colors 2711 00:51:01,680 --> 00:51:03,990 different colors you can literally see the east-west 2712 00:51:03,990 --> 00:51:04,000 you can literally see the east-west 2713 00:51:04,000 --> 00:51:06,230 you can literally see the east-west cloud patterns to the north of it just 2714 00:51:06,230 --> 00:51:06,240 cloud patterns to the north of it just 2715 00:51:06,240 --> 00:51:06,630 cloud patterns to the north of it just pass 2716 00:51:06,630 --> 00:51:06,640 pass 2717 00:51:06,640 --> 00:51:10,950 pass right through this structure i mean 2718 00:51:10,950 --> 00:51:10,960 right through this structure i mean 2719 00:51:10,960 --> 00:51:13,670 right through this structure i mean this was an olympic ten dive when it 2720 00:51:13,670 --> 00:51:13,680 this was an olympic ten dive when it 2721 00:51:13,680 --> 00:51:15,990 this was an olympic ten dive when it went in it didn't splash the atmosphere 2722 00:51:15,990 --> 00:51:16,000 went in it didn't splash the atmosphere 2723 00:51:16,000 --> 00:51:16,870 went in it didn't splash the atmosphere the atmosphere 2724 00:51:16,870 --> 00:51:16,880 the atmosphere 2725 00:51:16,880 --> 00:51:20,150 the atmosphere underneath looks very undisturbed 2726 00:51:20,150 --> 00:51:20,160 underneath looks very undisturbed 2727 00:51:20,160 --> 00:51:22,790 underneath looks very undisturbed just passed right on through and what 2728 00:51:22,790 --> 00:51:22,800 just passed right on through and what 2729 00:51:22,800 --> 00:51:24,790 just passed right on through and what came back out must have come right back 2730 00:51:24,790 --> 00:51:24,800 came back out must have come right back 2731 00:51:24,800 --> 00:51:26,470 came back out must have come right back out the chimney that the in-going 2732 00:51:26,470 --> 00:51:26,480 out the chimney that the in-going 2733 00:51:26,480 --> 00:51:27,109 out the chimney that the in-going particle 2734 00:51:27,109 --> 00:51:27,119 particle 2735 00:51:27,119 --> 00:51:29,270 particle developed so what you've seen see now as 2736 00:51:29,270 --> 00:51:29,280 developed so what you've seen see now as 2737 00:51:29,280 --> 00:51:31,109 developed so what you've seen see now as you see this 2738 00:51:31,109 --> 00:51:31,119 you see this 2739 00:51:31,119 --> 00:51:34,390 you see this huge umbrella of material 2740 00:51:34,390 --> 00:51:34,400 huge umbrella of material 2741 00:51:34,400 --> 00:51:37,670 huge umbrella of material above the site now the reason i'm on 2742 00:51:37,670 --> 00:51:37,680 above the site now the reason i'm on 2743 00:51:37,680 --> 00:51:39,589 above the site now the reason i'm on this team is that i wanted to see a 2744 00:51:39,589 --> 00:51:39,599 this team is that i wanted to see a 2745 00:51:39,599 --> 00:51:40,390 this team is that i wanted to see a bubble come up 2746 00:51:40,390 --> 00:51:40,400 bubble come up 2747 00:51:40,400 --> 00:51:42,150 bubble come up out of that site and interact with the 2748 00:51:42,150 --> 00:51:42,160 out of that site and interact with the 2749 00:51:42,160 --> 00:51:43,670 out of that site and interact with the winds and 2750 00:51:43,670 --> 00:51:43,680 winds and 2751 00:51:43,680 --> 00:51:46,470 winds and uh i would then understand how much 2752 00:51:46,470 --> 00:51:46,480 uh i would then understand how much 2753 00:51:46,480 --> 00:51:48,230 uh i would then understand how much energy it had taken for all the storms 2754 00:51:48,230 --> 00:51:48,240 energy it had taken for all the storms 2755 00:51:48,240 --> 00:51:50,150 energy it had taken for all the storms i've been watching for the last 25 2756 00:51:50,150 --> 00:51:50,160 i've been watching for the last 25 2757 00:51:50,160 --> 00:51:53,270 i've been watching for the last 25 years but so far my bubble hasn't come 2758 00:51:53,270 --> 00:51:53,280 years but so far my bubble hasn't come 2759 00:51:53,280 --> 00:51:56,950 years but so far my bubble hasn't come up and my bubble may be under that brown 2760 00:51:56,950 --> 00:51:56,960 up and my bubble may be under that brown 2761 00:51:56,960 --> 00:51:58,549 up and my bubble may be under that brown material but if that brown 2762 00:51:58,549 --> 00:51:58,559 material but if that brown 2763 00:51:58,559 --> 00:52:01,829 material but if that brown material were down on in the 2764 00:52:01,829 --> 00:52:01,839 material were down on in the 2765 00:52:01,839 --> 00:52:04,230 material were down on in the ammonia cloud deck it would be stringing 2766 00:52:04,230 --> 00:52:04,240 ammonia cloud deck it would be stringing 2767 00:52:04,240 --> 00:52:05,030 ammonia cloud deck it would be stringing out 2768 00:52:05,030 --> 00:52:05,040 out 2769 00:52:05,040 --> 00:52:07,829 out it would be headed north along it would 2770 00:52:07,829 --> 00:52:07,839 it would be headed north along it would 2771 00:52:07,839 --> 00:52:09,670 it would be headed north along it would be headed east along the north side of 2772 00:52:09,670 --> 00:52:09,680 be headed east along the north side of 2773 00:52:09,680 --> 00:52:10,390 be headed east along the north side of the spot 2774 00:52:10,390 --> 00:52:10,400 the spot 2775 00:52:10,400 --> 00:52:12,069 the spot and it would be headed west along the 2776 00:52:12,069 --> 00:52:12,079 and it would be headed west along the 2777 00:52:12,079 --> 00:52:13,829 and it would be headed west along the south side of the spot so you just see 2778 00:52:13,829 --> 00:52:13,839 south side of the spot so you just see 2779 00:52:13,839 --> 00:52:15,510 south side of the spot so you just see the things starting to 2780 00:52:15,510 --> 00:52:15,520 the things starting to 2781 00:52:15,520 --> 00:52:18,470 the things starting to run out as abandoned street we don't see 2782 00:52:18,470 --> 00:52:18,480 run out as abandoned street we don't see 2783 00:52:18,480 --> 00:52:19,670 run out as abandoned street we don't see that 2784 00:52:19,670 --> 00:52:19,680 that 2785 00:52:19,680 --> 00:52:21,589 that so that it's still decoupled from the 2786 00:52:21,589 --> 00:52:21,599 so that it's still decoupled from the 2787 00:52:21,599 --> 00:52:23,349 so that it's still decoupled from the tropospheric winds 2788 00:52:23,349 --> 00:52:23,359 tropospheric winds 2789 00:52:23,359 --> 00:52:25,670 tropospheric winds and we expect those winds to drop off 2790 00:52:25,670 --> 00:52:25,680 and we expect those winds to drop off 2791 00:52:25,680 --> 00:52:27,270 and we expect those winds to drop off with height in the atmosphere when you 2792 00:52:27,270 --> 00:52:27,280 with height in the atmosphere when you 2793 00:52:27,280 --> 00:52:28,950 with height in the atmosphere when you get up to a certain point you wouldn't 2794 00:52:28,950 --> 00:52:28,960 get up to a certain point you wouldn't 2795 00:52:28,960 --> 00:52:29,750 get up to a certain point you wouldn't expect 2796 00:52:29,750 --> 00:52:29,760 expect 2797 00:52:29,760 --> 00:52:31,589 expect it to be sheared out so that that's 2798 00:52:31,589 --> 00:52:31,599 it to be sheared out so that that's 2799 00:52:31,599 --> 00:52:33,270 it to be sheared out so that that's another limiting 2800 00:52:33,270 --> 00:52:33,280 another limiting 2801 00:52:33,280 --> 00:52:35,030 another limiting piece of observation that says this 2802 00:52:35,030 --> 00:52:35,040 piece of observation that says this 2803 00:52:35,040 --> 00:52:37,510 piece of observation that says this stuff is definitely high 2804 00:52:37,510 --> 00:52:37,520 stuff is definitely high 2805 00:52:37,520 --> 00:52:41,589 stuff is definitely high to me that it's probably twofold it's 2806 00:52:41,589 --> 00:52:41,599 to me that it's probably twofold it's 2807 00:52:41,599 --> 00:52:43,750 to me that it's probably twofold it's probably particle formation which really 2808 00:52:43,750 --> 00:52:43,760 probably particle formation which really 2809 00:52:43,760 --> 00:52:44,829 probably particle formation which really obscures 2810 00:52:44,829 --> 00:52:44,839 obscures 2811 00:52:44,839 --> 00:52:51,750 obscures things and those particles are dark 2812 00:52:51,750 --> 00:52:51,760 2813 00:52:51,760 --> 00:52:53,430 we'll take questions from headquarters 2814 00:52:53,430 --> 00:52:53,440 we'll take questions from headquarters 2815 00:52:53,440 --> 00:52:54,630 we'll take questions from headquarters now please state your name and 2816 00:52:54,630 --> 00:52:54,640 now please state your name and 2817 00:52:54,640 --> 00:52:57,510 now please state your name and affiliation 2818 00:52:57,510 --> 00:52:57,520 2819 00:52:57,520 --> 00:53:00,950 this is dick kerf science magazine 2820 00:53:00,950 --> 00:53:00,960 this is dick kerf science magazine 2821 00:53:00,960 --> 00:53:02,870 this is dick kerf science magazine have there been any attempted 2822 00:53:02,870 --> 00:53:02,880 have there been any attempted 2823 00:53:02,880 --> 00:53:04,069 have there been any attempted observations of 2824 00:53:04,069 --> 00:53:04,079 observations of 2825 00:53:04,079 --> 00:53:06,630 observations of the impact of fragment j and if so what 2826 00:53:06,630 --> 00:53:06,640 the impact of fragment j and if so what 2827 00:53:06,640 --> 00:53:09,510 the impact of fragment j and if so what were the results 2828 00:53:09,510 --> 00:53:09,520 2829 00:53:09,520 --> 00:53:11,750 i don't recall hearing anything anyone 2830 00:53:11,750 --> 00:53:11,760 i don't recall hearing anything anyone 2831 00:53:11,760 --> 00:53:13,030 i don't recall hearing anything anyone else 2832 00:53:13,030 --> 00:53:13,040 else 2833 00:53:13,040 --> 00:53:15,510 else that was one of the other missing nuclei 2834 00:53:15,510 --> 00:53:15,520 that was one of the other missing nuclei 2835 00:53:15,520 --> 00:53:16,710 that was one of the other missing nuclei the thing that this one of the ones that 2836 00:53:16,710 --> 00:53:16,720 the thing that this one of the ones that 2837 00:53:16,720 --> 00:53:18,230 the thing that this one of the ones that disappeared that was seen early 2838 00:53:18,230 --> 00:53:18,240 disappeared that was seen early 2839 00:53:18,240 --> 00:53:20,549 disappeared that was seen early in the spring i guess last year in fact 2840 00:53:20,549 --> 00:53:20,559 in the spring i guess last year in fact 2841 00:53:20,559 --> 00:53:21,750 in the spring i guess last year in fact that disappeared even before 2842 00:53:21,750 --> 00:53:21,760 that disappeared even before 2843 00:53:21,760 --> 00:53:25,109 that disappeared even before uh before july of last year i believe 2844 00:53:25,109 --> 00:53:25,119 uh before july of last year i believe 2845 00:53:25,119 --> 00:53:26,549 uh before july of last year i believe so that was you know that must have been 2846 00:53:26,549 --> 00:53:26,559 so that was you know that must have been 2847 00:53:26,559 --> 00:53:29,109 so that was you know that must have been a really small one no no reports of that 2848 00:53:29,109 --> 00:53:29,119 a really small one no no reports of that 2849 00:53:29,119 --> 00:53:30,630 a really small one no no reports of that i wouldn't be surprised if we look back 2850 00:53:30,630 --> 00:53:30,640 i wouldn't be surprised if we look back 2851 00:53:30,640 --> 00:53:32,309 i wouldn't be surprised if we look back in our data and uh 2852 00:53:32,309 --> 00:53:32,319 in our data and uh 2853 00:53:32,319 --> 00:53:38,309 in our data and uh find it 2854 00:53:38,309 --> 00:53:38,319 2855 00:53:38,319 --> 00:53:41,349 david miller u.s news and world report 2856 00:53:41,349 --> 00:53:41,359 david miller u.s news and world report 2857 00:53:41,359 --> 00:53:44,309 david miller u.s news and world report do we know the size of the diameter of 2858 00:53:44,309 --> 00:53:44,319 do we know the size of the diameter of 2859 00:53:44,319 --> 00:53:46,230 do we know the size of the diameter of the so-called fireball from the impact 2860 00:53:46,230 --> 00:53:46,240 the so-called fireball from the impact 2861 00:53:46,240 --> 00:53:51,430 the so-called fireball from the impact of g 2862 00:53:51,430 --> 00:53:51,440 2863 00:53:51,440 --> 00:53:54,790 well i think we do have a pretty good 2864 00:53:54,790 --> 00:53:54,800 well i think we do have a pretty good 2865 00:53:54,800 --> 00:53:56,069 well i think we do have a pretty good measure we saw 2866 00:53:56,069 --> 00:53:56,079 measure we saw 2867 00:53:56,079 --> 00:53:59,510 measure we saw uh g uh well enough and 2868 00:53:59,510 --> 00:53:59,520 uh g uh well enough and 2869 00:53:59,520 --> 00:54:03,829 uh g uh well enough and actually um one could compare it 2870 00:54:03,829 --> 00:54:03,839 actually um one could compare it 2871 00:54:03,839 --> 00:54:06,309 actually um one could compare it with the with a whole series of uh 2872 00:54:06,309 --> 00:54:06,319 with the with a whole series of uh 2873 00:54:06,319 --> 00:54:08,470 with the with a whole series of uh images that we saw on the limb from a 2874 00:54:08,470 --> 00:54:08,480 images that we saw on the limb from a 2875 00:54:08,480 --> 00:54:13,109 images that we saw on the limb from a and from e that the initial fireball 2876 00:54:13,109 --> 00:54:13,119 and from e that the initial fireball 2877 00:54:13,119 --> 00:54:18,309 and from e that the initial fireball would probably grow to a diameter 2878 00:54:18,309 --> 00:54:18,319 would probably grow to a diameter 2879 00:54:18,319 --> 00:54:22,470 would probably grow to a diameter of about 2880 00:54:22,470 --> 00:54:22,480 2881 00:54:22,480 --> 00:54:25,670 8 000 kilometers before it starts to 2882 00:54:25,670 --> 00:54:25,680 8 000 kilometers before it starts to 2883 00:54:25,680 --> 00:54:27,349 8 000 kilometers before it starts to collapse 2884 00:54:27,349 --> 00:54:27,359 collapse 2885 00:54:27,359 --> 00:54:30,870 collapse and then as it flattens back out again 2886 00:54:30,870 --> 00:54:30,880 and then as it flattens back out again 2887 00:54:30,880 --> 00:54:36,710 and then as it flattens back out again uh it easily gets uh about twice as big 2888 00:54:36,710 --> 00:54:36,720 2889 00:54:36,720 --> 00:54:41,190 does that answer the question 2890 00:54:41,190 --> 00:54:41,200 2891 00:54:41,200 --> 00:54:44,309 okay we're coming back to goddard now uh 2892 00:54:44,309 --> 00:54:44,319 okay we're coming back to goddard now uh 2893 00:54:44,319 --> 00:54:47,589 okay we're coming back to goddard now uh mark 2894 00:54:47,589 --> 00:54:47,599 2895 00:54:47,599 --> 00:54:48,950 this is mark crow of the houston 2896 00:54:48,950 --> 00:54:48,960 this is mark crow of the houston 2897 00:54:48,960 --> 00:54:52,870 this is mark crow of the houston chronicle could you go over again 2898 00:54:52,870 --> 00:54:52,880 chronicle could you go over again 2899 00:54:52,880 --> 00:54:56,150 chronicle could you go over again about when m hit and who saw it who 2900 00:54:56,150 --> 00:54:56,160 about when m hit and who saw it who 2901 00:54:56,160 --> 00:54:56,789 about when m hit and who saw it who reported 2902 00:54:56,789 --> 00:54:56,799 reported 2903 00:54:56,799 --> 00:54:59,190 reported who gets credit for that and how does 2904 00:54:59,190 --> 00:54:59,200 who gets credit for that and how does 2905 00:54:59,200 --> 00:55:00,390 who gets credit for that and how does that change the 2906 00:55:00,390 --> 00:55:00,400 that change the 2907 00:55:00,400 --> 00:55:03,910 that change the the total of of known impacts 2908 00:55:03,910 --> 00:55:03,920 the total of of known impacts 2909 00:55:03,920 --> 00:55:05,990 the total of of known impacts that you think will happen and is it 2910 00:55:05,990 --> 00:55:06,000 that you think will happen and is it 2911 00:55:06,000 --> 00:55:07,589 that you think will happen and is it possible that there are some other 2912 00:55:07,589 --> 00:55:07,599 possible that there are some other 2913 00:55:07,599 --> 00:55:09,589 possible that there are some other fragments that have turned off and on 2914 00:55:09,589 --> 00:55:09,599 fragments that have turned off and on 2915 00:55:09,599 --> 00:55:11,030 fragments that have turned off and on and that may have hit 2916 00:55:11,030 --> 00:55:11,040 and that may have hit 2917 00:55:11,040 --> 00:55:13,430 and that may have hit and and will you go back somehow and try 2918 00:55:13,430 --> 00:55:13,440 and and will you go back somehow and try 2919 00:55:13,440 --> 00:55:14,950 and and will you go back somehow and try to figure that out 2920 00:55:14,950 --> 00:55:14,960 to figure that out 2921 00:55:14,960 --> 00:55:18,230 to figure that out okay um yeah this the reports of 2922 00:55:18,230 --> 00:55:18,240 okay um yeah this the reports of 2923 00:55:18,240 --> 00:55:20,549 okay um yeah this the reports of observations of fragment m were made by 2924 00:55:20,549 --> 00:55:20,559 observations of fragment m were made by 2925 00:55:20,559 --> 00:55:21,589 observations of fragment m were made by imka depayder 2926 00:55:21,589 --> 00:55:21,599 imka depayder 2927 00:55:21,599 --> 00:55:25,030 imka depayder at the keck telescope on mauna kea 2928 00:55:25,030 --> 00:55:25,040 at the keck telescope on mauna kea 2929 00:55:25,040 --> 00:55:27,910 at the keck telescope on mauna kea um and when she saw it she wasn't sure 2930 00:55:27,910 --> 00:55:27,920 um and when she saw it she wasn't sure 2931 00:55:27,920 --> 00:55:29,430 um and when she saw it she wasn't sure if uh 2932 00:55:29,430 --> 00:55:29,440 if uh 2933 00:55:29,440 --> 00:55:31,109 if uh you know she observed a flash but she 2934 00:55:31,109 --> 00:55:31,119 you know she observed a flash but she 2935 00:55:31,119 --> 00:55:33,190 you know she observed a flash but she wasn't sure what was going on i mean so 2936 00:55:33,190 --> 00:55:33,200 wasn't sure what was going on i mean so 2937 00:55:33,200 --> 00:55:35,190 wasn't sure what was going on i mean so she even didn't say anything about it 2938 00:55:35,190 --> 00:55:35,200 she even didn't say anything about it 2939 00:55:35,200 --> 00:55:36,789 she even didn't say anything about it about it for a day 2940 00:55:36,789 --> 00:55:36,799 about it for a day 2941 00:55:36,799 --> 00:55:38,870 about it for a day but then had a co i i talked to her on 2942 00:55:38,870 --> 00:55:38,880 but then had a co i i talked to her on 2943 00:55:38,880 --> 00:55:39,829 but then had a co i i talked to her on the phone and she 2944 00:55:39,829 --> 00:55:39,839 the phone and she 2945 00:55:39,839 --> 00:55:41,910 the phone and she we our interactions convinced her that 2946 00:55:41,910 --> 00:55:41,920 we our interactions convinced her that 2947 00:55:41,920 --> 00:55:43,990 we our interactions convinced her that she had probably was probably detecting 2948 00:55:43,990 --> 00:55:44,000 she had probably was probably detecting 2949 00:55:44,000 --> 00:55:45,430 she had probably was probably detecting it 2950 00:55:45,430 --> 00:55:45,440 it 2951 00:55:45,440 --> 00:55:47,430 it now it's going to take us time i mean 2952 00:55:47,430 --> 00:55:47,440 now it's going to take us time i mean 2953 00:55:47,440 --> 00:55:48,470 now it's going to take us time i mean this is the type of 2954 00:55:48,470 --> 00:55:48,480 this is the type of 2955 00:55:48,480 --> 00:55:50,789 this is the type of thing that's going to make us go back 2956 00:55:50,789 --> 00:55:50,799 thing that's going to make us go back 2957 00:55:50,799 --> 00:55:53,030 thing that's going to make us go back and look in our data for other 2958 00:55:53,030 --> 00:55:53,040 and look in our data for other 2959 00:55:53,040 --> 00:55:56,309 and look in our data for other you know other small signals or 2960 00:55:56,309 --> 00:55:56,319 you know other small signals or 2961 00:55:56,319 --> 00:55:57,349 you know other small signals or relatively small 2962 00:55:57,349 --> 00:55:57,359 relatively small 2963 00:55:57,359 --> 00:56:01,349 relatively small signals in this case and and you know 2964 00:56:01,349 --> 00:56:01,359 signals in this case and and you know 2965 00:56:01,359 --> 00:56:03,589 signals in this case and and you know do some quantitative calculations and i 2966 00:56:03,589 --> 00:56:03,599 do some quantitative calculations and i 2967 00:56:03,599 --> 00:56:05,270 do some quantitative calculations and i think it's possible we'll 2968 00:56:05,270 --> 00:56:05,280 think it's possible we'll 2969 00:56:05,280 --> 00:56:08,309 think it's possible we'll uh you know find more of these now i'm 2970 00:56:08,309 --> 00:56:08,319 uh you know find more of these now i'm 2971 00:56:08,319 --> 00:56:15,589 uh you know find more of these now i'm not sure if i answered your question 2972 00:56:15,589 --> 00:56:15,599 2973 00:56:15,599 --> 00:56:17,270 yeah sorry i just wondered how this 2974 00:56:17,270 --> 00:56:17,280 yeah sorry i just wondered how this 2975 00:56:17,280 --> 00:56:18,870 yeah sorry i just wondered how this changed the fragment 2976 00:56:18,870 --> 00:56:18,880 changed the fragment 2977 00:56:18,880 --> 00:56:21,270 changed the fragment count now for the whole for the whole 2978 00:56:21,270 --> 00:56:21,280 count now for the whole for the whole 2979 00:56:21,280 --> 00:56:21,990 count now for the whole for the whole training 2980 00:56:21,990 --> 00:56:22,000 training 2981 00:56:22,000 --> 00:56:23,990 training count well boy i'm so confused that 2982 00:56:23,990 --> 00:56:24,000 count well boy i'm so confused that 2983 00:56:24,000 --> 00:56:25,670 count well boy i'm so confused that counting is getting difficult 2984 00:56:25,670 --> 00:56:25,680 counting is getting difficult 2985 00:56:25,680 --> 00:56:29,109 counting is getting difficult um i mean i would say okay we're saying 2986 00:56:29,109 --> 00:56:29,119 um i mean i would say okay we're saying 2987 00:56:29,119 --> 00:56:30,710 um i mean i would say okay we're saying they're 21 2988 00:56:30,710 --> 00:56:30,720 they're 21 2989 00:56:30,720 --> 00:56:33,510 they're 21 and so that boy i don't even know if m 2990 00:56:33,510 --> 00:56:33,520 and so that boy i don't even know if m 2991 00:56:33,520 --> 00:56:36,069 and so that boy i don't even know if m was included in our 21 count 2992 00:56:36,069 --> 00:56:36,079 was included in our 21 count 2993 00:56:36,079 --> 00:56:38,069 was included in our 21 count too tough a question m and j were parts 2994 00:56:38,069 --> 00:56:38,079 too tough a question m and j were parts 2995 00:56:38,079 --> 00:56:40,710 too tough a question m and j were parts of the original count of 21 2996 00:56:40,710 --> 00:56:40,720 of the original count of 21 2997 00:56:40,720 --> 00:56:44,230 of the original count of 21 uh as as designated from the mauna kea 2998 00:56:44,230 --> 00:56:44,240 uh as as designated from the mauna kea 2999 00:56:44,240 --> 00:56:45,829 uh as as designated from the mauna kea observations by david 3000 00:56:45,829 --> 00:56:45,839 observations by david 3001 00:56:45,839 --> 00:56:49,990 observations by david jewett and jane liu since that time 3002 00:56:49,990 --> 00:56:50,000 jewett and jane liu since that time 3003 00:56:50,000 --> 00:56:53,030 jewett and jane liu since that time m and j had disappeared but more 3004 00:56:53,030 --> 00:56:53,040 m and j had disappeared but more 3005 00:56:53,040 --> 00:56:54,870 m and j had disappeared but more fragments at four 3006 00:56:54,870 --> 00:56:54,880 fragments at four 3007 00:56:54,880 --> 00:56:58,150 fragments at four so q split 3008 00:56:58,150 --> 00:56:58,160 so q split 3009 00:56:58,160 --> 00:57:01,430 so q split uh into two fragments p split into two 3010 00:57:01,430 --> 00:57:01,440 uh into two fragments p split into two 3011 00:57:01,440 --> 00:57:02,710 uh into two fragments p split into two fragments 3012 00:57:02,710 --> 00:57:02,720 fragments 3013 00:57:02,720 --> 00:57:05,750 fragments mean times p2 disappeared or became a 3014 00:57:05,750 --> 00:57:05,760 mean times p2 disappeared or became a 3015 00:57:05,760 --> 00:57:06,789 mean times p2 disappeared or became a puff 3016 00:57:06,789 --> 00:57:06,799 puff 3017 00:57:06,799 --> 00:57:09,670 puff uh in addition there was a fragment that 3018 00:57:09,670 --> 00:57:09,680 uh in addition there was a fragment that 3019 00:57:09,680 --> 00:57:11,190 uh in addition there was a fragment that split off of 3020 00:57:11,190 --> 00:57:11,200 split off of 3021 00:57:11,200 --> 00:57:14,870 split off of g g and rather more recently 3022 00:57:14,870 --> 00:57:14,880 g g and rather more recently 3023 00:57:14,880 --> 00:57:16,549 g g and rather more recently this reminds me of the games my dad used 3024 00:57:16,549 --> 00:57:16,559 this reminds me of the games my dad used 3025 00:57:16,559 --> 00:57:18,470 this reminds me of the games my dad used to play with me at dinner time and 3026 00:57:18,470 --> 00:57:18,480 to play with me at dinner time and 3027 00:57:18,480 --> 00:57:21,510 to play with me at dinner time and doing sequence of arithmetic 3028 00:57:21,510 --> 00:57:21,520 doing sequence of arithmetic 3029 00:57:21,520 --> 00:57:23,030 doing sequence of arithmetic where are we now if there's something 3030 00:57:23,030 --> 00:57:23,040 where are we now if there's something 3031 00:57:23,040 --> 00:57:25,109 where are we now if there's something left from all of these splittings 3032 00:57:25,109 --> 00:57:25,119 left from all of these splittings 3033 00:57:25,119 --> 00:57:26,789 left from all of these splittings then we've got a total count that's 3034 00:57:26,789 --> 00:57:26,799 then we've got a total count that's 3035 00:57:26,799 --> 00:57:30,549 then we've got a total count that's greater than 21. 3036 00:57:30,549 --> 00:57:30,559 3037 00:57:30,559 --> 00:57:33,589 possibly i can i can think of at least 3038 00:57:33,589 --> 00:57:33,599 possibly i can i can think of at least 3039 00:57:33,599 --> 00:57:36,230 possibly i can i can think of at least four more or three more that you would 3040 00:57:36,230 --> 00:57:36,240 four more or three more that you would 3041 00:57:36,240 --> 00:57:38,549 four more or three more that you would add to that count 3042 00:57:38,549 --> 00:57:38,559 add to that count 3043 00:57:38,559 --> 00:57:39,910 add to that count now where they're all still there that's 3044 00:57:39,910 --> 00:57:39,920 now where they're all still there that's 3045 00:57:39,920 --> 00:57:41,109 now where they're all still there that's comes out of the issue is there 3046 00:57:41,109 --> 00:57:41,119 comes out of the issue is there 3047 00:57:41,119 --> 00:57:41,589 comes out of the issue is there something 3048 00:57:41,589 --> 00:57:41,599 something 3049 00:57:41,599 --> 00:57:44,630 something left when the when that thing disappears 3050 00:57:44,630 --> 00:57:44,640 left when the when that thing disappears 3051 00:57:44,640 --> 00:57:46,870 left when the when that thing disappears but you talk about 24 that we might hope 3052 00:57:46,870 --> 00:57:46,880 but you talk about 24 that we might hope 3053 00:57:46,880 --> 00:57:48,710 but you talk about 24 that we might hope to see yeah and also just 3054 00:57:48,710 --> 00:57:48,720 to see yeah and also just 3055 00:57:48,720 --> 00:57:50,950 to see yeah and also just um don't don't turn off the set quite 3056 00:57:50,950 --> 00:57:50,960 um don't don't turn off the set quite 3057 00:57:50,960 --> 00:57:52,549 um don't don't turn off the set quite yet after tomorrow 3058 00:57:52,549 --> 00:57:52,559 yet after tomorrow 3059 00:57:52,559 --> 00:57:55,670 yet after tomorrow uh the the trailing wing is going to 3060 00:57:55,670 --> 00:57:55,680 uh the the trailing wing is going to 3061 00:57:55,680 --> 00:57:57,670 uh the the trailing wing is going to continue to impact jupiter these are 3062 00:57:57,670 --> 00:57:57,680 continue to impact jupiter these are 3063 00:57:57,680 --> 00:57:58,950 continue to impact jupiter these are small small particles 3064 00:57:58,950 --> 00:57:58,960 small small particles 3065 00:57:58,960 --> 00:58:01,030 small small particles a wing of dust mostly it's mostly a wing 3066 00:58:01,030 --> 00:58:01,040 a wing of dust mostly it's mostly a wing 3067 00:58:01,040 --> 00:58:03,349 a wing of dust mostly it's mostly a wing of dust really tiny particles uh dust 3068 00:58:03,349 --> 00:58:03,359 of dust really tiny particles uh dust 3069 00:58:03,359 --> 00:58:05,430 of dust really tiny particles uh dust sand grain size maybe even smaller 3070 00:58:05,430 --> 00:58:05,440 sand grain size maybe even smaller 3071 00:58:05,440 --> 00:58:07,190 sand grain size maybe even smaller but we don't know what the real sources 3072 00:58:07,190 --> 00:58:07,200 but we don't know what the real sources 3073 00:58:07,200 --> 00:58:09,349 but we don't know what the real sources of the dust were maybe they're boulders 3074 00:58:09,349 --> 00:58:09,359 of the dust were maybe they're boulders 3075 00:58:09,359 --> 00:58:11,670 of the dust were maybe they're boulders yes they they may be larger but the the 3076 00:58:11,670 --> 00:58:11,680 yes they they may be larger but the the 3077 00:58:11,680 --> 00:58:13,030 yes they they may be larger but the the interesting thing is that 3078 00:58:13,030 --> 00:58:13,040 interesting thing is that 3079 00:58:13,040 --> 00:58:16,390 interesting thing is that the impact sites as you can see from the 3080 00:58:16,390 --> 00:58:16,400 the impact sites as you can see from the 3081 00:58:16,400 --> 00:58:16,950 the impact sites as you can see from the site 3082 00:58:16,950 --> 00:58:16,960 site 3083 00:58:16,960 --> 00:58:20,950 site of v w tomorrow much closer to the 3084 00:58:20,950 --> 00:58:20,960 of v w tomorrow much closer to the 3085 00:58:20,960 --> 00:58:35,109 of v w tomorrow much closer to the limb of jupiter 3086 00:58:35,109 --> 00:58:35,119 3087 00:58:35,119 --> 00:58:38,069 closely available for the next few weeks 3088 00:58:38,069 --> 00:58:38,079 closely available for the next few weeks 3089 00:58:38,079 --> 00:58:39,990 closely available for the next few weeks they're expected to be most common 3090 00:58:39,990 --> 00:58:40,000 they're expected to be most common 3091 00:58:40,000 --> 00:58:43,270 they're expected to be most common the most active uh between 3092 00:58:43,270 --> 00:58:43,280 the most active uh between 3093 00:58:43,280 --> 00:58:46,470 the most active uh between the end of the impacts tomorrow and 3094 00:58:46,470 --> 00:58:46,480 the end of the impacts tomorrow and 3095 00:58:46,480 --> 00:58:48,630 the end of the impacts tomorrow and the end of september i think and they're 3096 00:58:48,630 --> 00:58:48,640 the end of september i think and they're 3097 00:58:48,640 --> 00:58:50,390 the end of september i think and they're going to be progressively moving on to 3098 00:58:50,390 --> 00:58:50,400 going to be progressively moving on to 3099 00:58:50,400 --> 00:58:52,630 going to be progressively moving on to the side that we see so the number of 3100 00:58:52,630 --> 00:58:52,640 the side that we see so the number of 3101 00:58:52,640 --> 00:58:53,670 the side that we see so the number of fragments 3102 00:58:53,670 --> 00:58:53,680 fragments 3103 00:58:53,680 --> 00:58:55,510 fragments if you count all these little guys 3104 00:58:55,510 --> 00:58:55,520 if you count all these little guys 3105 00:58:55,520 --> 00:58:56,630 if you count all these little guys coming in could go up quite 3106 00:58:56,630 --> 00:58:56,640 coming in could go up quite 3107 00:58:56,640 --> 00:58:58,549 coming in could go up quite substantially 3108 00:58:58,549 --> 00:58:58,559 substantially 3109 00:58:58,559 --> 00:59:02,309 substantially we have time for one more here okay 3110 00:59:02,309 --> 00:59:02,319 we have time for one more here okay 3111 00:59:02,319 --> 00:59:04,789 we have time for one more here okay i have questions on dr river uh i want 3112 00:59:04,789 --> 00:59:04,799 i have questions on dr river uh i want 3113 00:59:04,799 --> 00:59:05,750 i have questions on dr river uh i want to ask about the 3114 00:59:05,750 --> 00:59:05,760 to ask about the 3115 00:59:05,760 --> 00:59:07,670 to ask about the remaining or the bureau of dust you know 3116 00:59:07,670 --> 00:59:07,680 remaining or the bureau of dust you know 3117 00:59:07,680 --> 00:59:09,349 remaining or the bureau of dust you know will that cause the 3118 00:59:09,349 --> 00:59:09,359 will that cause the 3119 00:59:09,359 --> 00:59:11,990 will that cause the material shower you know every year to 3120 00:59:11,990 --> 00:59:12,000 material shower you know every year to 3121 00:59:12,000 --> 00:59:13,190 material shower you know every year to jupiter or the 3122 00:59:13,190 --> 00:59:13,200 jupiter or the 3123 00:59:13,200 --> 00:59:16,789 jupiter or the will it uh tighten the jupiter sling 3124 00:59:16,789 --> 00:59:16,799 will it uh tighten the jupiter sling 3125 00:59:16,799 --> 00:59:19,990 will it uh tighten the jupiter sling or what happened to the fall dust yeah 3126 00:59:19,990 --> 00:59:20,000 or what happened to the fall dust yeah 3127 00:59:20,000 --> 00:59:22,150 or what happened to the fall dust yeah there is a substantial amount of dust 3128 00:59:22,150 --> 00:59:22,160 there is a substantial amount of dust 3129 00:59:22,160 --> 00:59:23,990 there is a substantial amount of dust that actually misses jupiter 3130 00:59:23,990 --> 00:59:24,000 that actually misses jupiter 3131 00:59:24,000 --> 00:59:26,870 that actually misses jupiter it stays in orbit around jupiter uh gene 3132 00:59:26,870 --> 00:59:26,880 it stays in orbit around jupiter uh gene 3133 00:59:26,880 --> 00:59:28,390 it stays in orbit around jupiter uh gene i'll have to defer to you as to what's 3134 00:59:28,390 --> 00:59:28,400 i'll have to defer to you as to what's 3135 00:59:28,400 --> 00:59:30,470 i'll have to defer to you as to what's what's the ultimate fate of that dust 3136 00:59:30,470 --> 00:59:30,480 what's the ultimate fate of that dust 3137 00:59:30,480 --> 00:59:32,069 what's the ultimate fate of that dust well uh there's a 3138 00:59:32,069 --> 00:59:32,079 well uh there's a 3139 00:59:32,079 --> 00:59:34,230 well uh there's a an astrophysicist at the university of 3140 00:59:34,230 --> 00:59:34,240 an astrophysicist at the university of 3141 00:59:34,240 --> 00:59:36,950 an astrophysicist at the university of colorado boulder by the name of haranye 3142 00:59:36,950 --> 00:59:36,960 colorado boulder by the name of haranye 3143 00:59:36,960 --> 00:59:39,030 colorado boulder by the name of haranye who's done a very careful study of what 3144 00:59:39,030 --> 00:59:39,040 who's done a very careful study of what 3145 00:59:39,040 --> 00:59:40,230 who's done a very careful study of what happens to the 3146 00:59:40,230 --> 00:59:40,240 happens to the 3147 00:59:40,240 --> 00:59:43,109 happens to the dust that's in the tail which which will 3148 00:59:43,109 --> 00:59:43,119 dust that's in the tail which which will 3149 00:59:43,119 --> 00:59:45,030 dust that's in the tail which which will all the collective tails which will stay 3150 00:59:45,030 --> 00:59:45,040 all the collective tails which will stay 3151 00:59:45,040 --> 00:59:46,630 all the collective tails which will stay in orbit around jupiter 3152 00:59:46,630 --> 00:59:46,640 in orbit around jupiter 3153 00:59:46,640 --> 00:59:48,789 in orbit around jupiter and his analysis indicates when you take 3154 00:59:48,789 --> 00:59:48,799 and his analysis indicates when you take 3155 00:59:48,799 --> 00:59:50,230 and his analysis indicates when you take account of all the forces 3156 00:59:50,230 --> 00:59:50,240 account of all the forces 3157 00:59:50,240 --> 00:59:53,750 account of all the forces acting on these particles which includes 3158 00:59:53,750 --> 00:59:53,760 acting on these particles which includes 3159 00:59:53,760 --> 00:59:56,390 acting on these particles which includes magnetic forces because these will 3160 00:59:56,390 --> 00:59:56,400 magnetic forces because these will 3161 00:59:56,400 --> 00:59:56,870 magnetic forces because these will become 3162 00:59:56,870 --> 00:59:56,880 become 3163 00:59:56,880 --> 00:59:59,430 become charged as as well as the more 3164 00:59:59,430 --> 00:59:59,440 charged as as well as the more 3165 00:59:59,440 --> 01:00:00,069 charged as as well as the more conventional 3166 01:00:00,069 --> 01:00:00,079 conventional 3167 01:00:00,079 --> 01:00:01,750 conventional forces that we're used to thinking of i 3168 01:00:01,750 --> 01:00:01,760 forces that we're used to thinking of i 3169 01:00:01,760 --> 01:00:03,030 forces that we're used to thinking of i don't want to give all these are 3170 01:00:03,030 --> 01:00:03,040 don't want to give all these are 3171 01:00:03,040 --> 01:00:05,190 don't want to give all these are pointing robertson effect and there's 3172 01:00:05,190 --> 01:00:05,200 pointing robertson effect and there's 3173 01:00:05,200 --> 01:00:07,270 pointing robertson effect and there's direct solar radiation pressure and so 3174 01:00:07,270 --> 01:00:07,280 direct solar radiation pressure and so 3175 01:00:07,280 --> 01:00:08,710 direct solar radiation pressure and so on uh 3176 01:00:08,710 --> 01:00:08,720 on uh 3177 01:00:08,720 --> 01:00:10,789 on uh his analysis indicates that this dust 3178 01:00:10,789 --> 01:00:10,799 his analysis indicates that this dust 3179 01:00:10,799 --> 01:00:12,710 his analysis indicates that this dust will gradually settle down 3180 01:00:12,710 --> 01:00:12,720 will gradually settle down 3181 01:00:12,720 --> 01:00:15,589 will gradually settle down into more or less circular orbits and 3182 01:00:15,589 --> 01:00:15,599 into more or less circular orbits and 3183 01:00:15,599 --> 01:00:17,270 into more or less circular orbits and form a very diffuse 3184 01:00:17,270 --> 01:00:17,280 form a very diffuse 3185 01:00:17,280 --> 01:00:21,190 form a very diffuse kind of tall ring outside of the present 3186 01:00:21,190 --> 01:00:21,200 kind of tall ring outside of the present 3187 01:00:21,200 --> 01:00:22,470 kind of tall ring outside of the present ring 3188 01:00:22,470 --> 01:00:22,480 ring 3189 01:00:22,480 --> 01:00:25,030 ring of jupiter now whether there will be 3190 01:00:25,030 --> 01:00:25,040 of jupiter now whether there will be 3191 01:00:25,040 --> 01:00:26,470 of jupiter now whether there will be enough dust there for 3192 01:00:26,470 --> 01:00:26,480 enough dust there for 3193 01:00:26,480 --> 01:00:29,190 enough dust there for anyone to see anything that's another 3194 01:00:29,190 --> 01:00:29,200 anyone to see anything that's another 3195 01:00:29,200 --> 01:00:29,990 anyone to see anything that's another question 3196 01:00:29,990 --> 01:00:30,000 question 3197 01:00:30,000 --> 01:00:31,750 question but at least that's that's where it's 3198 01:00:31,750 --> 01:00:31,760 but at least that's that's where it's 3199 01:00:31,760 --> 01:00:34,789 but at least that's that's where it's predicted to go 3200 01:00:34,789 --> 01:00:34,799 3201 01:00:34,799 --> 01:00:37,190 okay uh we we're going to have to uh 3202 01:00:37,190 --> 01:00:37,200 okay uh we we're going to have to uh 3203 01:00:37,200 --> 01:00:38,069 okay uh we we're going to have to uh stop at that 3204 01:00:38,069 --> 01:00:38,079 stop at that 3205 01:00:38,079 --> 01:00:41,190 stop at that for right now and have time to uh and 3206 01:00:41,190 --> 01:00:41,200 for right now and have time to uh and 3207 01:00:41,200 --> 01:00:42,789 for right now and have time to uh and let you remind you again about the 3208 01:00:42,789 --> 01:00:42,799 let you remind you again about the 3209 01:00:42,799 --> 01:00:45,270 let you remind you again about the briefing changes tomorrow at 2 p.m 3210 01:00:45,270 --> 01:00:45,280 briefing changes tomorrow at 2 p.m 3211 01:00:45,280 --> 01:00:47,829 briefing changes tomorrow at 2 p.m and saturday at 11 a.m eastern time we 3212 01:00:47,829 --> 01:00:47,839 and saturday at 11 a.m eastern time we 3213 01:00:47,839 --> 01:00:49,270 and saturday at 11 a.m eastern time we will clean feed 3214 01:00:49,270 --> 01:00:49,280 will clean feed 3215 01:00:49,280 --> 01:00:51,990 will clean feed the video and if i could also ask for 3216 01:00:51,990 --> 01:00:52,000 the video and if i could also ask for 3217 01:00:52,000 --> 01:00:53,109 the video and if i could also ask for just a moment here and 3218 01:00:53,109 --> 01:00:53,119 just a moment here and 3219 01:00:53,119 --> 01:00:55,589 just a moment here and introduce from nasa headquarters the 3220 01:00:55,589 --> 01:00:55,599 introduce from nasa headquarters the 3221 01:00:55,599 --> 01:00:57,109 introduce from nasa headquarters the nasa chief scientist 3222 01:00:57,109 --> 01:00:57,119 nasa chief scientist 3223 01:00:57,119 --> 01:01:01,030 nasa chief scientist dr france cordova 3224 01:01:01,030 --> 01:01:01,040 3225 01:01:01,040 --> 01:01:03,349 thank you on behalf of the nasa 3226 01:01:03,349 --> 01:01:03,359 thank you on behalf of the nasa 3227 01:01:03,359 --> 01:01:04,309 thank you on behalf of the nasa administrator 3228 01:01:04,309 --> 01:01:04,319 administrator 3229 01:01:04,319 --> 01:01:05,829 administrator i'd like to congratulate all the 3230 01:01:05,829 --> 01:01:05,839 i'd like to congratulate all the 3231 01:01:05,839 --> 01:01:07,910 i'd like to congratulate all the participants in this event 3232 01:01:07,910 --> 01:01:07,920 participants in this event 3233 01:01:07,920 --> 01:01:09,750 participants in this event for the inspiration that they continue 3234 01:01:09,750 --> 01:01:09,760 for the inspiration that they continue 3235 01:01:09,760 --> 01:01:11,750 for the inspiration that they continue to give and for their hard work and 3236 01:01:11,750 --> 01:01:11,760 to give and for their hard work and 3237 01:01:11,760 --> 01:01:13,589 to give and for their hard work and dedication 3238 01:01:13,589 --> 01:01:13,599 dedication 3239 01:01:13,599 --> 01:01:15,750 dedication who of us can never forget the faces of 3240 01:01:15,750 --> 01:01:15,760 who of us can never forget the faces of 3241 01:01:15,760 --> 01:01:18,150 who of us can never forget the faces of the young observers as they saw the data 3242 01:01:18,150 --> 01:01:18,160 the young observers as they saw the data 3243 01:01:18,160 --> 01:01:19,910 the young observers as they saw the data come across this computer screen for the 3244 01:01:19,910 --> 01:01:19,920 come across this computer screen for the 3245 01:01:19,920 --> 01:01:21,829 come across this computer screen for the first time i know i'm not going to 3246 01:01:21,829 --> 01:01:21,839 first time i know i'm not going to 3247 01:01:21,839 --> 01:01:24,150 first time i know i'm not going to forget the face of heidi hamill and my 3248 01:01:24,150 --> 01:01:24,160 forget the face of heidi hamill and my 3249 01:01:24,160 --> 01:01:26,150 forget the face of heidi hamill and my own intense suspense as i saw 3250 01:01:26,150 --> 01:01:26,160 own intense suspense as i saw 3251 01:01:26,160 --> 01:01:28,390 own intense suspense as i saw roger yell keeping us back from finding 3252 01:01:28,390 --> 01:01:28,400 roger yell keeping us back from finding 3253 01:01:28,400 --> 01:01:29,750 roger yell keeping us back from finding out exactly what 3254 01:01:29,750 --> 01:01:29,760 out exactly what 3255 01:01:29,760 --> 01:01:31,910 out exactly what was uh that element in the ultraviolet 3256 01:01:31,910 --> 01:01:31,920 was uh that element in the ultraviolet 3257 01:01:31,920 --> 01:01:32,789 was uh that element in the ultraviolet spectrum of the g 3258 01:01:32,789 --> 01:01:32,799 spectrum of the g 3259 01:01:32,799 --> 01:01:36,309 spectrum of the g impact site astronomy is about 3260 01:01:36,309 --> 01:01:36,319 impact site astronomy is about 3261 01:01:36,319 --> 01:01:39,270 impact site astronomy is about transforming images those images that 3262 01:01:39,270 --> 01:01:39,280 transforming images those images that 3263 01:01:39,280 --> 01:01:39,750 transforming images those images that turn 3264 01:01:39,750 --> 01:01:39,760 turn 3265 01:01:39,760 --> 01:01:42,950 turn upside down our world view and that give 3266 01:01:42,950 --> 01:01:42,960 upside down our world view and that give 3267 01:01:42,960 --> 01:01:44,950 upside down our world view and that give us a new perspective on ourselves and on 3268 01:01:44,950 --> 01:01:44,960 us a new perspective on ourselves and on 3269 01:01:44,960 --> 01:01:46,630 us a new perspective on ourselves and on nature 3270 01:01:46,630 --> 01:01:46,640 nature 3271 01:01:46,640 --> 01:01:48,309 nature what we see here this week is the 3272 01:01:48,309 --> 01:01:48,319 what we see here this week is the 3273 01:01:48,319 --> 01:01:50,829 what we see here this week is the culmination of nearly a year of intense 3274 01:01:50,829 --> 01:01:50,839 culmination of nearly a year of intense 3275 01:01:50,839 --> 01:01:52,150 culmination of nearly a year of intense preparation 3276 01:01:52,150 --> 01:01:52,160 preparation 3277 01:01:52,160 --> 01:01:54,390 preparation our goal of providing information and 3278 01:01:54,390 --> 01:01:54,400 our goal of providing information and 3279 01:01:54,400 --> 01:01:56,390 our goal of providing information and data in a timely fashion 3280 01:01:56,390 --> 01:01:56,400 data in a timely fashion 3281 01:01:56,400 --> 01:01:58,549 data in a timely fashion is being accomplished and with the 3282 01:01:58,549 --> 01:01:58,559 is being accomplished and with the 3283 01:01:58,559 --> 01:02:00,630 is being accomplished and with the continued participation of these various 3284 01:02:00,630 --> 01:02:00,640 continued participation of these various 3285 01:02:00,640 --> 01:02:01,990 continued participation of these various individuals 3286 01:02:01,990 --> 01:02:02,000 individuals 3287 01:02:02,000 --> 01:02:04,390 individuals we will continue to bring news of this 3288 01:02:04,390 --> 01:02:04,400 we will continue to bring news of this 3289 01:02:04,400 --> 01:02:05,270 we will continue to bring news of this comment 3290 01:02:05,270 --> 01:02:05,280 comment 3291 01:02:05,280 --> 01:02:06,950 comment through saturday i understand there's 3292 01:02:06,950 --> 01:02:06,960 through saturday i understand there's 3293 01:02:06,960 --> 01:02:09,990 through saturday i understand there's five uh pieces of the comet left to go 3294 01:02:09,990 --> 01:02:10,000 five uh pieces of the comet left to go 3295 01:02:10,000 --> 01:02:11,589 five uh pieces of the comet left to go and in the next few months we'll be 3296 01:02:11,589 --> 01:02:11,599 and in the next few months we'll be 3297 01:02:11,599 --> 01:02:13,109 and in the next few months we'll be observing the after effects of the 3298 01:02:13,109 --> 01:02:13,119 observing the after effects of the 3299 01:02:13,119 --> 01:02:14,630 observing the after effects of the comet's impacts 3300 01:02:14,630 --> 01:02:14,640 comet's impacts 3301 01:02:14,640 --> 01:02:17,109 comet's impacts expecting to gain new and unprecedented 3302 01:02:17,109 --> 01:02:17,119 expecting to gain new and unprecedented 3303 01:02:17,119 --> 01:02:17,910 expecting to gain new and unprecedented insight 3304 01:02:17,910 --> 01:02:17,920 insight 3305 01:02:17,920 --> 01:02:19,750 insight into the origin and evolution of the 3306 01:02:19,750 --> 01:02:19,760 into the origin and evolution of the 3307 01:02:19,760 --> 01:02:21,510 into the origin and evolution of the solar system 3308 01:02:21,510 --> 01:02:21,520 solar system 3309 01:02:21,520 --> 01:02:23,750 solar system i think in particular eugene and carolyn 3310 01:02:23,750 --> 01:02:23,760 i think in particular eugene and carolyn 3311 01:02:23,760 --> 01:02:25,190 i think in particular eugene and carolyn shoemaker and david levy 3312 01:02:25,190 --> 01:02:25,200 shoemaker and david levy 3313 01:02:25,200 --> 01:02:27,270 shoemaker and david levy the discoverers of the comet for their 3314 01:02:27,270 --> 01:02:27,280 the discoverers of the comet for their 3315 01:02:27,280 --> 01:02:28,870 the discoverers of the comet for their efforts over the last week 3316 01:02:28,870 --> 01:02:28,880 efforts over the last week 3317 01:02:28,880 --> 01:02:31,349 efforts over the last week to discuss not only the unique 3318 01:02:31,349 --> 01:02:31,359 to discuss not only the unique 3319 01:02:31,359 --> 01:02:32,069 to discuss not only the unique scientific 3320 01:02:32,069 --> 01:02:32,079 scientific 3321 01:02:32,079 --> 01:02:34,549 scientific values of these impacts but to express 3322 01:02:34,549 --> 01:02:34,559 values of these impacts but to express 3323 01:02:34,559 --> 01:02:36,549 values of these impacts but to express the excitement of science 3324 01:02:36,549 --> 01:02:36,559 the excitement of science 3325 01:02:36,559 --> 01:02:38,950 the excitement of science they're an inspiration to all of us and 3326 01:02:38,950 --> 01:02:38,960 they're an inspiration to all of us and 3327 01:02:38,960 --> 01:02:41,910 they're an inspiration to all of us and i thank the young observer scientists 3328 01:02:41,910 --> 01:02:41,920 i thank the young observer scientists 3329 01:02:41,920 --> 01:02:44,069 i thank the young observer scientists because they touch the future of lifting 3330 01:02:44,069 --> 01:02:44,079 because they touch the future of lifting 3331 01:02:44,079 --> 01:02:45,829 because they touch the future of lifting the imaginations and fueling the 3332 01:02:45,829 --> 01:02:45,839 the imaginations and fueling the 3333 01:02:45,839 --> 01:02:47,670 the imaginations and fueling the aspirations of young people all around 3334 01:02:47,670 --> 01:02:47,680 aspirations of young people all around 3335 01:02:47,680 --> 01:02:49,670 aspirations of young people all around the world 3336 01:02:49,670 --> 01:02:49,680 the world 3337 01:02:49,680 --> 01:02:51,190 the world the observations of this comet 3338 01:02:51,190 --> 01:02:51,200 the observations of this comet 3339 01:02:51,200 --> 01:02:53,109 the observations of this comet constitute one of the best examples of 3340 01:02:53,109 --> 01:02:53,119 constitute one of the best examples of 3341 01:02:53,119 --> 01:02:54,309 constitute one of the best examples of inner cooperation 3342 01:02:54,309 --> 01:02:54,319 inner cooperation 3343 01:02:54,319 --> 01:02:56,950 inner cooperation between agencies also and we have a very 3344 01:02:56,950 --> 01:02:56,960 between agencies also and we have a very 3345 01:02:56,960 --> 01:02:58,549 between agencies also and we have a very fruitful collaboration with the national 3346 01:02:58,549 --> 01:02:58,559 fruitful collaboration with the national 3347 01:02:58,559 --> 01:03:00,710 fruitful collaboration with the national science foundation and nasa 3348 01:03:00,710 --> 01:03:00,720 science foundation and nasa 3349 01:03:00,720 --> 01:03:03,750 science foundation and nasa in uh supporting uh many of these 3350 01:03:03,750 --> 01:03:03,760 in uh supporting uh many of these 3351 01:03:03,760 --> 01:03:05,589 in uh supporting uh many of these observations 3352 01:03:05,589 --> 01:03:05,599 observations 3353 01:03:05,599 --> 01:03:07,349 observations most professional observatories as 3354 01:03:07,349 --> 01:03:07,359 most professional observatories as 3355 01:03:07,359 --> 01:03:08,710 most professional observatories as you've heard around the world are 3356 01:03:08,710 --> 01:03:08,720 you've heard around the world are 3357 01:03:08,720 --> 01:03:10,069 you've heard around the world are observing the comet 3358 01:03:10,069 --> 01:03:10,079 observing the comet 3359 01:03:10,079 --> 01:03:12,069 observing the comet and in addition observers all over the 3360 01:03:12,069 --> 01:03:12,079 and in addition observers all over the 3361 01:03:12,079 --> 01:03:14,069 and in addition observers all over the world are using the computer electronic 3362 01:03:14,069 --> 01:03:14,079 world are using the computer electronic 3363 01:03:14,079 --> 01:03:15,510 world are using the computer electronic bulletin board maintained at the 3364 01:03:15,510 --> 01:03:15,520 bulletin board maintained at the 3365 01:03:15,520 --> 01:03:15,990 bulletin board maintained at the university 3366 01:03:15,990 --> 01:03:16,000 university 3367 01:03:16,000 --> 01:03:18,390 university of maryland that lucy mcfadden has so 3368 01:03:18,390 --> 01:03:18,400 of maryland that lucy mcfadden has so 3369 01:03:18,400 --> 01:03:21,270 of maryland that lucy mcfadden has so eloquently spoken to this week 3370 01:03:21,270 --> 01:03:21,280 eloquently spoken to this week 3371 01:03:21,280 --> 01:03:23,190 eloquently spoken to this week networking specialists and computer 3372 01:03:23,190 --> 01:03:23,200 networking specialists and computer 3373 01:03:23,200 --> 01:03:24,470 networking specialists and computer experts around the world 3374 01:03:24,470 --> 01:03:24,480 experts around the world 3375 01:03:24,480 --> 01:03:26,069 experts around the world are playing an important role in making 3376 01:03:26,069 --> 01:03:26,079 are playing an important role in making 3377 01:03:26,079 --> 01:03:28,309 are playing an important role in making this data easily available and very 3378 01:03:28,309 --> 01:03:28,319 this data easily available and very 3379 01:03:28,319 --> 01:03:30,069 this data easily available and very quickly to to interested people 3380 01:03:30,069 --> 01:03:30,079 quickly to to interested people 3381 01:03:30,079 --> 01:03:33,589 quickly to to interested people everywhere ground crews i'd like to 3382 01:03:33,589 --> 01:03:33,599 everywhere ground crews i'd like to 3383 01:03:33,599 --> 01:03:34,630 everywhere ground crews i'd like to thank 3384 01:03:34,630 --> 01:03:34,640 thank 3385 01:03:34,640 --> 01:03:36,710 thank for the spacecraft like the hubble 3386 01:03:36,710 --> 01:03:36,720 for the spacecraft like the hubble 3387 01:03:36,720 --> 01:03:38,470 for the spacecraft like the hubble galileo ulysses 3388 01:03:38,470 --> 01:03:38,480 galileo ulysses 3389 01:03:38,480 --> 01:03:40,630 galileo ulysses the international ultraviolet explorer 3390 01:03:40,630 --> 01:03:40,640 the international ultraviolet explorer 3391 01:03:40,640 --> 01:03:42,549 the international ultraviolet explorer voyager and the extreme ultraviolet 3392 01:03:42,549 --> 01:03:42,559 voyager and the extreme ultraviolet 3393 01:03:42,559 --> 01:03:44,390 voyager and the extreme ultraviolet explorer in the kaiperin airborne 3394 01:03:44,390 --> 01:03:44,400 explorer in the kaiperin airborne 3395 01:03:44,400 --> 01:03:46,069 explorer in the kaiperin airborne observatory because they've been 3396 01:03:46,069 --> 01:03:46,079 observatory because they've been 3397 01:03:46,079 --> 01:03:47,430 observatory because they've been preparing for the 3398 01:03:47,430 --> 01:03:47,440 preparing for the 3399 01:03:47,440 --> 01:03:50,630 preparing for the these observations for many months we 3400 01:03:50,630 --> 01:03:50,640 these observations for many months we 3401 01:03:50,640 --> 01:03:52,309 these observations for many months we anticipate their results with a great 3402 01:03:52,309 --> 01:03:52,319 anticipate their results with a great 3403 01:03:52,319 --> 01:03:54,230 anticipate their results with a great sense of expectation 3404 01:03:54,230 --> 01:03:54,240 sense of expectation 3405 01:03:54,240 --> 01:03:56,309 sense of expectation and finally i'd like to thank the staffs 3406 01:03:56,309 --> 01:03:56,319 and finally i'd like to thank the staffs 3407 01:03:56,319 --> 01:03:57,829 and finally i'd like to thank the staffs of the goddard space flight center and 3408 01:03:57,829 --> 01:03:57,839 of the goddard space flight center and 3409 01:03:57,839 --> 01:03:59,990 of the goddard space flight center and the space telescope science institute 3410 01:03:59,990 --> 01:04:00,000 the space telescope science institute 3411 01:04:00,000 --> 01:04:01,829 the space telescope science institute for taking the lead and pulling together 3412 01:04:01,829 --> 01:04:01,839 for taking the lead and pulling together 3413 01:04:01,839 --> 01:04:03,510 for taking the lead and pulling together in one place all the right people to 3414 01:04:03,510 --> 01:04:03,520 in one place all the right people to 3415 01:04:03,520 --> 01:04:04,870 in one place all the right people to make sure what's happening 3416 01:04:04,870 --> 01:04:04,880 make sure what's happening 3417 01:04:04,880 --> 01:04:07,430 make sure what's happening is available to the broader public and 3418 01:04:07,430 --> 01:04:07,440 is available to the broader public and 3419 01:04:07,440 --> 01:04:08,950 is available to the broader public and the professional staffs of these 3420 01:04:08,950 --> 01:04:08,960 the professional staffs of these 3421 01:04:08,960 --> 01:04:10,710 the professional staffs of these organizations 3422 01:04:10,710 --> 01:04:10,720 organizations 3423 01:04:10,720 --> 01:04:13,190 organizations on behalf of mr golden i commend them 3424 01:04:13,190 --> 01:04:13,200 on behalf of mr golden i commend them 3425 01:04:13,200 --> 01:04:14,710 on behalf of mr golden i commend them and their colleagues around the world 3426 01:04:14,710 --> 01:04:14,720 and their colleagues around the world 3427 01:04:14,720 --> 01:04:16,950 and their colleagues around the world for their highly successful efforts 3428 01:04:16,950 --> 01:04:16,960 for their highly successful efforts 3429 01:04:16,960 --> 01:04:18,870 for their highly successful efforts and on behalf of myself who am an 3430 01:04:18,870 --> 01:04:18,880 and on behalf of myself who am an 3431 01:04:18,880 --> 01:04:21,109 and on behalf of myself who am an astronomer i thank you all for your 3432 01:04:21,109 --> 01:04:21,119 astronomer i thank you all for your 3433 01:04:21,119 --> 01:04:23,510 astronomer i thank you all for your affirmation that science is fun 3434 01:04:23,510 --> 01:04:23,520 affirmation that science is fun 3435 01:04:23,520 --> 01:04:33,190 affirmation that science is fun if not quite as simple as abg 3436 01:04:33,190 --> 01:04:33,200 3437 01:04:33,200 --> 01:04:34,710 we'll see everyone again tomorrow 3438 01:04:34,710 --> 01:04:34,720 we'll see everyone again tomorrow 3439 01:04:34,720 --> 01:04:36,390 we'll see everyone again tomorrow morning and 3440 01:04:36,390 --> 01:04:36,400 morning and 3441 01:04:36,400 --> 01:04:38,230 morning and two excuse me tomorrow afternoon at two 3442 01:04:38,230 --> 01:04:38,240 two excuse me tomorrow afternoon at two 3443 01:04:38,240 --> 01:04:40,309 two excuse me tomorrow afternoon at two and again saturday at 11 and 3444 01:04:40,309 --> 01:04:40,319 and again saturday at 11 and 3445 01:04:40,319 --> 01:04:42,309 and again saturday at 11 and we'll have the clean feed coming on now 3446 01:04:42,309 --> 01:04:42,319 we'll have the clean feed coming on now 3447 01:04:42,319 --> 01:04:52,829 we'll have the clean feed coming on now for uh for here and down the line thank 3448 01:04:52,829 --> 01:04:52,839 3449 01:04:52,839 --> 01:05:02,789 you 3450 01:05:02,789 --> 01:05:02,799 3451 01:05:02,799 --> 01:05:04,630 today we were pleasantly surprised to 3452 01:05:04,630 --> 01:05:04,640 today we were pleasantly surprised to 3453 01:05:04,640 --> 01:05:05,829 today we were pleasantly surprised to pick up event 3454 01:05:05,829 --> 01:05:05,839 pick up event 3455 01:05:05,839 --> 01:05:09,589 pick up event ill which was originally not expected to 3456 01:05:09,589 --> 01:05:09,599 ill which was originally not expected to 3457 01:05:09,599 --> 01:05:11,109 ill which was originally not expected to be captured because of the timing 3458 01:05:11,109 --> 01:05:11,119 be captured because of the timing 3459 01:05:11,119 --> 01:05:13,109 be captured because of the timing relative to the predictions of impact 3460 01:05:13,109 --> 01:05:13,119 relative to the predictions of impact 3461 01:05:13,119 --> 01:05:13,829 relative to the predictions of impact but 3462 01:05:13,829 --> 01:05:13,839 but 3463 01:05:13,839 --> 01:05:15,990 but the actual impact occurred later and we 3464 01:05:15,990 --> 01:05:16,000 the actual impact occurred later and we 3465 01:05:16,000 --> 01:05:16,950 the actual impact occurred later and we picked it up 3466 01:05:16,950 --> 01:05:16,960 picked it up 3467 01:05:16,960 --> 01:05:19,750 picked it up and this one is actually brighter than h 3468 01:05:19,750 --> 01:05:19,760 and this one is actually brighter than h 3469 01:05:19,760 --> 01:05:20,230 and this one is actually brighter than h by 3470 01:05:20,230 --> 01:05:20,240 by 3471 01:05:20,240 --> 01:05:23,910 by almost a factor of two it's more like uh 3472 01:05:23,910 --> 01:05:23,920 almost a factor of two it's more like uh 3473 01:05:23,920 --> 01:05:26,549 almost a factor of two it's more like uh five to six percent the brightness of 3474 01:05:26,549 --> 01:05:26,559 five to six percent the brightness of 3475 01:05:26,559 --> 01:05:27,349 five to six percent the brightness of jupiter 3476 01:05:27,349 --> 01:05:27,359 jupiter 3477 01:05:27,359 --> 01:05:29,670 jupiter and it takes 35 seconds or so for the 3478 01:05:29,670 --> 01:05:29,680 and it takes 35 seconds or so for the 3479 01:05:29,680 --> 01:05:31,829 and it takes 35 seconds or so for the light to die back down again 3480 01:05:31,829 --> 01:05:31,839 light to die back down again 3481 01:05:31,839 --> 01:05:33,990 light to die back down again so we see we think that we are seeing 3482 01:05:33,990 --> 01:05:34,000 so we see we think that we are seeing 3483 01:05:34,000 --> 01:05:34,870 so we see we think that we are seeing the 3484 01:05:34,870 --> 01:05:34,880 the 3485 01:05:34,880 --> 01:05:38,309 the actual meteor flash the transition 3486 01:05:38,309 --> 01:05:38,319 actual meteor flash the transition 3487 01:05:38,319 --> 01:05:40,470 actual meteor flash the transition of the fragment through the atmosphere 3488 01:05:40,470 --> 01:05:40,480 of the fragment through the atmosphere 3489 01:05:40,480 --> 01:05:43,109 of the fragment through the atmosphere and the very hot 3490 01:05:43,109 --> 01:05:43,119 and the very hot 3491 01:05:43,119 --> 01:05:46,630 and the very hot emission from that but over a very small 3492 01:05:46,630 --> 01:05:46,640 emission from that but over a very small 3493 01:05:46,640 --> 01:05:49,990 emission from that but over a very small streak of light across jupiter 3494 01:05:49,990 --> 01:05:50,000 streak of light across jupiter 3495 01:05:50,000 --> 01:05:51,910 streak of light across jupiter and this is a short duration and 3496 01:05:51,910 --> 01:05:51,920 and this is a short duration and 3497 01:05:51,920 --> 01:05:53,109 and this is a short duration and precedes 3498 01:05:53,109 --> 01:05:53,119 precedes 3499 01:05:53,119 --> 01:05:55,430 precedes the the plumes and the fireballs that 3500 01:05:55,430 --> 01:05:55,440 the the plumes and the fireballs that 3501 01:05:55,440 --> 01:05:56,150 the the plumes and the fireballs that are being seen 3502 01:05:56,150 --> 01:05:56,160 are being seen 3503 01:05:56,160 --> 01:06:15,750 are being seen from other observatories 3504 01:06:15,750 --> 01:06:15,760 3505 01:06:15,760 --> 01:06:18,390 it appears that the taurus has not 3506 01:06:18,390 --> 01:06:18,400 it appears that the taurus has not 3507 01:06:18,400 --> 01:06:19,270 it appears that the taurus has not really 3508 01:06:19,270 --> 01:06:19,280 really 3509 01:06:19,280 --> 01:06:21,750 really changed that much yet which may or may 3510 01:06:21,750 --> 01:06:21,760 changed that much yet which may or may 3511 01:06:21,760 --> 01:06:23,589 changed that much yet which may or may not be a surprise since 3512 01:06:23,589 --> 01:06:23,599 not be a surprise since 3513 01:06:23,599 --> 01:06:25,190 not be a surprise since it'll take a little while for this stuff 3514 01:06:25,190 --> 01:06:25,200 it'll take a little while for this stuff 3515 01:06:25,200 --> 01:06:26,870 it'll take a little while for this stuff to reach the taurus 3516 01:06:26,870 --> 01:06:26,880 to reach the taurus 3517 01:06:26,880 --> 01:06:30,230 to reach the taurus but one thing we have seen is that the 3518 01:06:30,230 --> 01:06:30,240 but one thing we have seen is that the 3519 01:06:30,240 --> 01:06:33,349 but one thing we have seen is that the if we look at jupiter alone in the 3520 01:06:33,349 --> 01:06:33,359 if we look at jupiter alone in the 3521 01:06:33,359 --> 01:06:35,349 if we look at jupiter alone in the extreme ultraviolet we actually see 3522 01:06:35,349 --> 01:06:35,359 extreme ultraviolet we actually see 3523 01:06:35,359 --> 01:06:38,069 extreme ultraviolet we actually see signs of helium emission 3524 01:06:38,069 --> 01:06:38,079 signs of helium emission 3525 01:06:38,079 --> 01:06:39,990 signs of helium emission during the impacts that we don't see 3526 01:06:39,990 --> 01:06:40,000 during the impacts that we don't see 3527 01:06:40,000 --> 01:06:41,670 during the impacts that we don't see before the plumes 3528 01:06:41,670 --> 01:06:41,680 before the plumes 3529 01:06:41,680 --> 01:06:44,710 before the plumes did go up fairly high because we have to 3530 01:06:44,710 --> 01:06:44,720 did go up fairly high because we have to 3531 01:06:44,720 --> 01:06:46,950 did go up fairly high because we have to have thrown helium uh 3532 01:06:46,950 --> 01:06:46,960 have thrown helium uh 3533 01:06:46,960 --> 01:06:48,630 have thrown helium uh far up in the atmosphere to be able to 3534 01:06:48,630 --> 01:06:48,640 far up in the atmosphere to be able to 3535 01:06:48,640 --> 01:06:50,950 far up in the atmosphere to be able to see this several hundred kilometers 3536 01:06:50,950 --> 01:06:50,960 see this several hundred kilometers 3537 01:06:50,960 --> 01:06:54,150 see this several hundred kilometers uh in order to see uh uh 3538 01:06:54,150 --> 01:06:54,160 uh in order to see uh uh 3539 01:06:54,160 --> 01:06:56,150 uh in order to see uh uh see this emission uh through all the 3540 01:06:56,150 --> 01:06:56,160 see this emission uh through all the 3541 01:06:56,160 --> 01:06:57,750 see this emission uh through all the hydrogen that absorbs the 3542 01:06:57,750 --> 01:06:57,760 hydrogen that absorbs the 3543 01:06:57,760 --> 01:07:21,029 hydrogen that absorbs the at these wavelengths 3544 01:07:21,029 --> 01:07:21,039 3545 01:07:21,039 --> 01:07:24,150 by detecting a plume from the impact of 3546 01:07:24,150 --> 01:07:24,160 by detecting a plume from the impact of 3547 01:07:24,160 --> 01:07:25,910 by detecting a plume from the impact of our 3548 01:07:25,910 --> 01:07:25,920 our 3549 01:07:25,920 --> 01:07:28,549 our this is using methane filter 8900 3550 01:07:28,549 --> 01:07:28,559 this is using methane filter 8900 3551 01:07:28,559 --> 01:07:30,549 this is using methane filter 8900 angstroms 3552 01:07:30,549 --> 01:07:30,559 angstroms 3553 01:07:30,559 --> 01:07:32,630 angstroms we're somewhat surprised at being able 3554 01:07:32,630 --> 01:07:32,640 we're somewhat surprised at being able 3555 01:07:32,640 --> 01:07:34,549 we're somewhat surprised at being able to see it at all because there have 3556 01:07:34,549 --> 01:07:34,559 to see it at all because there have 3557 01:07:34,559 --> 01:07:36,630 to see it at all because there have i don't recall there being that many 3558 01:07:36,630 --> 01:07:36,640 i don't recall there being that many 3559 01:07:36,640 --> 01:07:37,990 i don't recall there being that many detections of plumes 3560 01:07:37,990 --> 01:07:38,000 detections of plumes 3561 01:07:38,000 --> 01:07:41,589 detections of plumes in the visible most of them have been in 3562 01:07:41,589 --> 01:07:41,599 in the visible most of them have been in 3563 01:07:41,599 --> 01:07:43,270 in the visible most of them have been in the infrared so far 3564 01:07:43,270 --> 01:07:43,280 the infrared so far 3565 01:07:43,280 --> 01:07:45,510 the infrared so far it may mean that it was a bigger piece 3566 01:07:45,510 --> 01:07:45,520 it may mean that it was a bigger piece 3567 01:07:45,520 --> 01:07:46,309 it may mean that it was a bigger piece than 3568 01:07:46,309 --> 01:07:46,319 than 3569 01:07:46,319 --> 01:10:15,830 than some people have been anticipating 3570 01:10:15,830 --> 01:10:15,840 3571 01:10:15,840 --> 01:10:40,149 you 3572 01:10:40,149 --> 01:10:40,159 3573 01:10:40,159 --> 01:10:42,239 you